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Loes.
Ludwig Eduard Theodor Lösener (23 November 1865 – 2 June 1941) was a German botanist who collected widely in the field in Germany: Amrum island (1912), the Alps, the Black Forest, Bavaria, Rügen island and Tyrol in modern Austria. His speciality was the Aquifoliaceae of the world. He also studied cultivars of ''Ilex'' species. His name is usually spelled as 'Loesener' in English sources. In 1941, botanist Albert Charles Smith published the genus '' Loeseneriella'', in the family Celastraceae, in his honour. The standard author abbreviation Loes. is used to indicate this person as the authority when citing a botanical name. The International Plant Names Index lists more than 1800 taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and ... attributed to him. Works * * References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celastraceae
The Celastraceae (staff-vine or bittersweet) are a family of 98 genera and 1,350 species of herbs, vines, shrubs and small trees, belonging to the order Celastrales. The great majority of the genera are tropical, with only ''Celastrus'' (the staff vines), ''Euonymus'' (the spindle (shrub), spindles) and ''Maytenus'' widespread in temperate climates, and ''Parnassia'' (bog-stars) found in alpine and arctic climates. Of the 98 currently recognized genera of the family Celastraceae, 19 are native to Madagascar and these include at least 57 currently recognized species. Six of these 19 genera (''Brexiella'', ''Evonymopsis'', ''Hartogiopsis'', ''Polycardia'', ''Ptelidium'', and ''Salvadoropsis'') are endemic to Madagascar. These genera each have distinctive traits and functions of their own. Genera 98 genera are accepted by Plants of the World Online : * ''Acanthothamnus'' * ''Allocassine'' * ''Anthodon (plant), Anthodon'' * ''Apatophyllum'' * ''Apodostigma'' * ''Arnicratea'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loeseneriella
''Loeseneriella'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Celastraceae. The name is in honour of Ludwig Eduard Theodor Loesener (1865–1941), a German botanist who collected widely in the field in Germany and did much work on the Celastraceae. It was first described and published in the American Journal of Botany in 1941. Distribution The native range of ''Loeseneriella'' is tropical and subtropical Old World, in these areas: * Africa – Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Nigeria, Niger, Northern Provinces, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierre Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe; also the islands of Comoros and Madagascar * Indian Subcontinent – Assam, Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka * Indo-China – Andaman Is., Cambodia, La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amrum
Amrum (; Öömrang, ''Öömrang'' North Frisian: ''Oomram'') is one of the North Frisian Islands on the Germany, German North Sea coast, south of Sylt and west of Föhr. It is part of the Nordfriesland district in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein and has approximately 2,300 inhabitants. The island is made up of a sandy core of geestland and features an extended beach all along its west coast, facing the open North Sea. The east coast borders to mudflats of the Wadden Sea. Sand dunes are a characteristic part of Amrum's landscape, resulting in a vegetation that is largely made up of heath and shrubs. The island's only forest was planted in 1948. Amrum is a refuge for many species of birds and a number of marine mammals including the grey seal and harbour porpoise. Settlements on Amrum have been traced back to the Neolithic period when the area was still a part of the mainland of the Jutland peninsula. During the Middle Ages, Frisians, Frisian settlers arrived at Amrum and e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1941 Deaths
The Correlates of War project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 3.49 million. However, the Uppsala Conflict Data Program estimates that the subsequent year, 1942, was the deadliest such year. Death toll estimates for both 1941 and 1942 range from 2.28 to 7.71 million each. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January– August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar Euthanasia Centre in Germany, in the first phase of mass killings under the Aktion T4 program here. * January 1 – Thailand's Prime Minister Plaek Phibunsongkhram decrees January 1 as the official start of the Thai solar calendar new year (thus the previous year that began April 1 had only 9 months). * January 3 – A decree (''Normalschrifterlass'') promulgated in Germany by Martin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1865 Births
Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Union forces launch a major amphibious assault against the last seaport held by the Confederates, Fort Fisher, North Carolina. * January 15 – American Civil War: Union forces capture Fort Fisher. * January 31 ** The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (conditional prohibition of slavery and involuntary servitude) passes narrowly, in the House of Representatives. ** American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief. February * February 3 – American Civil War: Hampton Roads Conference: Union and Confederate leaders discuss peace terms. * February 6 – The municipal administration of Finland is established. * February 8 & March 8 – Gregor Mendel reads his paper on '' E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanists With Author Abbreviations
This is a list of botanists who have Wikipedia articles, in alphabetical order by surname. The List of botanists by author abbreviation is mostly a list of plant taxonomists because an author receives a standard abbreviation only when that author originates a new plant name. Botany is one of the few sciences which has had, since the Middle Ages, substantial participation by women. A *Erik Acharius (1757–1819) * Julián Acuña Galé (1900–1973) * Johann Friedrich Adam (1780–1838) * Carl Adolph Agardh (1785–1859) * Jacob Georg Agardh (1813–1901) * Nikolaus Ager (1568–1634) *William Aiton (1731–1793) * Frédéric-Louis Allamand (1736–1809) * Ruth F. Allen (1879–1963) * Carlo Allioni (1728–1804) * Lucile Allorge (b. 1937) *Prospero Alpini (1553–1617) * Benjamin Alvord (1813–1884) * Adeline Ames (1879–1976) * Janaki Ammal (1897–1984) *Eliza Frances Andrews (1840–1931) *Agnes Arber (1879–1960) *Giovanni Arcangeli (1840–1921) * David Ashton (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. An internationally important botanical research and education institution, it employs 1,100 staff. Its board of trustees is chaired by Dame Amelia Fawcett. The organisation manages botanic gardens at Kew in Richmond upon Thames in south-west London, and at Wakehurst, a National Trust property in Sussex which is home to the internationally important Millennium Seed Bank, whose scientists work with partner organisations in more than 95 countries. Kew, jointly with the Forestry Commission, founded Bedgebury National Pinetum in Kent in 1923, specialising in growing conifers. In 1994, the Castle Howard Arboretum Trust, which runs the Yorkshire Arboretum, was formed as a partnership between Kew and the Castle Howard Estate. In 2019, the organisation had 2,316,699 public visitors at Kew, and 312,813 at Wakehurst. Its site ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxon
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion, especially in the context of rank-based (" Linnaean") nomenclature (much less so under phylogenetic nomenclature). If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were presumably set forth in prehistoric times by hunter-gatherers, as suggested by the fairly sophisticated folk taxonomies. Much later, Aristotle, and later st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Plant Names Index
The International Plant Names Index (IPNI) describes itself as "a database of the names and associated basic bibliographical details of seed plants, ferns and lycophytes." Coverage of plant names is best at the rank of species and genus. It includes basic bibliographical details associated with the names. Its goals include eliminating the need for repeated reference to primary sources for basic bibliographic information about plant names. The IPNI also maintains a list of standardized Author citation (botany), author abbreviations. These were initially based on Authors of Plant Names, Brummitt & Powell (1992), but new names and abbreviations are continually added. Description IPNI is the product of a collaboration between The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Index Kewensis), The Harvard University Herbaria (Gray Herbarium Index), and the Australian National Herbarium (Australian Plant Name Index, APNI). The IPNI database is a collection of the names registered by the three cooperating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Charles Smith
Albert Charles Smith (April 5, 1906 – May 23, 1999) was an American botanist who served as director of the National Museum of Natural History and Arnold Arboretum and was the former president of the American Society of Plant Taxonomists. Life Smith was born on April 5, 1906, in Springfield, Massachusetts. He received his bachelor's degree from Columbia University in 1926 and his PhD in 1933. In 1928, he became a staff member of the New York Botanical Garden and made his first tropical trips to Colombia, Peru, and Brazil from 1926 to 1929. He later left New York City to be director of the Arnold Arboretum at Harvard and worked there until 1948 when he joined the Smithsonian Institution. At the Smithsonian, he was first director of the Department of Botany and then a director of the National Museum of Natural History, and chaired several important scientific societies, such as the American Society of Plant Taxonomists. From 1962 to 1963, he was the Assistant Secretary of the Sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alps
The Alps () are some of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia. The Alpine arch extends from Nice on the western Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean to Trieste on the Adriatic Sea, Adriatic and Vienna at the beginning of the Pannonian Basin. The mountains were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrust fault, thrusting and Fold (geology), folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the French–Italian border, and at is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains 82 peaks higher than List of Alpine four-thousanders, . The altitude and size of the range affect the climate in Europe; in the mountain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilex
''Ilex'' () or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. ''Ilex'' has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers from tropics to temperate zones worldwide. The type species is ''Ilex aquifolium'', the common European holly used in Christmas decorations and cards. Description The genus is widespread throughout the temperate and subtropical regions of the world. It includes species of trees, shrubs, and climbers, with evergreen or deciduous foliage and inconspicuous flowers. Its range was more extended in the Tertiary period and many species are adapted to laurel forest habitats. It occurs from sea level to more than with high mountain species. It is a genus of small, evergreen trees with smooth, glabrous, or pubescent branchlets. The plants are generally slow-growing with some species growing to tall. The type ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
