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Liu Rengong
Liu Rengong () (died 914) was a warlord late in the Chinese Tang dynasty who controlled Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing) from 895 (when his one-time lord Li Keyong conquered Lulong and left him in charge of it) to 907 (when he was overthrown by his son Liu Shouguang and put under house arrest). He was initially a Lulong officer, but later fled to Li Keyong's Hedong Circuit (河東, headquartered in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi). After Li conquered Lulong and left him in charge, he turned against Li and became an independent warlord, although at times he and Li would still act in concert. His domain later became the basis of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Yan that Liu Shouguang established. In 913, however, Li Keyong's son and successor Li Cunxu the Prince of Jin conquered Yan and captured both Liu Shouguang and Liu Rengong; he put them to death the next year. Background It is not known when Liu Rengong was born—although he was said to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of China
The history of China spans several millennia across a wide geographical area. Each region now considered part of the Chinese world has experienced periods of unity, fracture, prosperity, and strife. Chinese civilization first emerged in the Yellow River valley, which along with the Yangtze basin constitutes the geographic core of the Chinese cultural sphere. China maintains a rich diversity of ethnic and linguistic people groups. The traditional lens for viewing Chinese history is the dynastic cycle: imperial dynasties rise and fall, and are ascribed certain achievements. This lens also tends to assume Chinese civilization can be traced as an unbroken thread many thousands of years into the past, making it one of the cradles of civilization. At various times, states representative of a dominant Chinese culture have directly controlled areas stretching as far west as the Tian Shan, the Tarim Basin, and the Himalayas, as far north as the Sayan Mountains, and as far south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li Quanzhong
Li Quanzhong () (d. 886) was a warlord late in the Chinese Tang dynasty, who controlled Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing) from 885, when he overthrew the prior military governor (''jiedushi'') Li Keju, to his death in 886. His sons Li Kuangwei and Li Kuangchou successively served as military governors after he died. Background It is not known when Li Quanzhong was born, but it is known that he was from Lulong Circuit's capital Fanyang (). During Emperor Xizong's ''Guangming'' era (880–881), he served as the military advisor to the prefect of Di Prefecture (棣州, in modern Binzhou, Shandong). After that term, he returned to Lulong and served under the military governor Li Keju.''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 180. Seizure of Lulong In spring 885, Li Keju and his ally Wang Rong the military governor of Chengde Circuit (成德, headquartered in modern Shijiazhuang, Hebei), were apprehensive that Wang Chucun the military governor of Yiwu Circuit (義 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li Cunshen
Li Cunshen (; 862'' History of the Five Dynasties'', vol. 56. – June 16, 924Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter), né Fu Cun (), often referred to in historical sources as Fu Cunshen (), courtesy name Dexiang (), was a Chinese military general, politician, and singer of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period dynasty Later Tang and Later Tang's predecessor state Jin. He was an adoptive son of Jin's first prince Li Keyong and later served in a number of major campaigns under the reign of Li Keyong's son (Li Cunshen's adoptive brother) Li Cunxu, helping Li Cunxu to establish Later Tang as its Emperor Zhuangzong. Background Fu Cun was born in 862, during the reign of Emperor Yizong of Tang. His family was from Wanqiu (宛丘, in modern Zhoukou, Henan), and his father Fu Chu () was an officer for the army of Chen Prefecture (陳州, in modern Zhumadian, Henan), which Wanqiu was a part of. When he was young, there was an occasion when he was to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lu Yanwei
Lu Yanwei () was a warlord late in the Chinese Tang dynasty, who controlled Yichang Circuit (義昌, headquartered in modern Cangzhou, Hebei) from 885 to 898, most of that time as its military governor (''jiedushi''). Background and seizure of Yichang Circuit Little is known about Lu Yanwei's background, as neither of the official histories of Tang dynasty—the ''Old Book of Tang'' and the ''New Book of Tang''—contained a biography for him. The first reference to him in the ''Zizhi Tongjian'' was in 885, when a mutiny at Yichang's capital Cang Prefecture () led to the expulsion of the previously military governor Yang Quanmei (), who fled to neighboring Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing). The soldiers supported Lu to be their acting military governor. Then-reigning Emperor Xizong, however, did not make Lu military governor, instead commissioning the imperial guard officer Cao Cheng () as military governor and Lu as the prefect of one of Yichang's three p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xingtai
Xingtai ( zh, s= , t=邢臺, p=Xíngtái , w=Hsing2-tʻai2), formerly known as Xingzhou and Shunde, is a prefecture-level city in southern Hebei province, People's Republic of China. It has a total area of and administers 4 districts, 2 county-level cities and 12 counties. At the 2020 census, its population was 7,111,106 inhabitants. It borders Shijiazhuang and Hengshui in the north, Handan in the south, and the provinces of Shandong and Shanxi in the east and west respectively. History Xingtai is the oldest city in North China. The history of Xingtai can be traced back 3500 years ago. During the Shang dynasty, Xingtai functioned as a capital city. During the Zhou dynasty, the State of Xingfrom which the present name deriveswas founded in the city. During the Warring States period, the state of Zhao made Xingtai its provisional capital. The city was known as Xindu for most of the Qin dynasty, but after the 207 BC Battle of Julu (within present-day Pingxiang County, not t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li Cunxiao
Li Cunxiao () (d. 894), né An Jingsi (), was an adoptive son of the late-Tang dynasty warlord Li Keyong who contributed much to Li Keyong's campaigns, but who later rebelled against his adoptive father. He subsequently was defeated by Li Keyong and executed by dismemberment after he surrendered, although Li Keyong soon regretted his death. Background It is not known when An Jingsi was born, but it is known that he, or his family, was originally from Feihu (飛狐, in modern Zhangjiakou, Hebei). He was taken captive by Li Keyong during one of Li Keyong's raids in the region, and Li Keyong raised him as an adoptive son, changing his name to Li Cunxiao. He thereafter became a cavalry officer in Li Keyong's army.''New History of the Five Dynasties'', :zh:s:新五代史/卷36, vol. 36. It was said that after he grew up, he was capable in horsemanship and archery, and no officer in Li Keyong's army rivaled him in ferocity. He often served as Li Keyong's forward commander, and duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gai Yu
Gai Yu () (died 905), formally the Duke of Chengyang (), was a key strategist of Li Keyong, a major warlord late in the Chinese Tang dynasty. Background It is not known when Gai Yu was born, but it was known that he was from Wei Prefecture (蔚州, in modern Zhangjiakou, Hebei), and that both his grandfather Gai Zuo () and father Gai Qing () served as officer at Wei Prefecture.'' History of the Five Dynasties'', vol. 55. When the ethnically-Shatuo officer Li Keyong rose against Duan Wenchu () the defender of Datong Circuit (大同, headquartered at Datong, Shanxi) (which Wei Prefecture belonged to) at Datong's capital Yun Prefecture () in 878, Gai was one of the proponents, and he became a close associate of Li's. Services under Li Keyong After Li Keyong resubmitted to Tang authority and was made the military governor (''Jiedushi'') of Yanmen Circuit ( t or s ''Yànmén Dào'') around present-day Datong in 882,''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 255. he made Gai Yu a base supervisor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juyong Pass
Juyong Pass () is a mountain pass located in the Changping District of Beijing Municipality, over from central Beijing. The Great Wall of China passes through, and the Cloud Platform was built here in the year 1342. Mountain pass Geography Juyong Pass is in the -long Guangou Valley. During the Ming dynasty restoration and expansion of the Great Wall, it was one of the Three Inner Passes ''Nèisānguān'') from Mongolia to Beijing, along with Daoma Pass and Zijing Pass. The pass is also one of the three "Great Mountain Passes" in the Great Wall, along with Jiayuguan and Shanhaiguan. Juyongguan Pass has two 'sub-passes,' one at the valley's south and the other at the north. The southern one is called "Nan (pass)" and the northern is called " Badaling". History The pass had many different names during former Chinese dynasties. However, the name "Juyongguan" was used by more than three dynasties. It was first used in the Qin dynasty when Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li Kuangchou
Li Kuangchou () (died January 25, 895?''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 259.Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter) was a warlord late in the Chinese Tang dynasty, ruling Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing) from 893, when he overthrew his older brother Li Kuangwei, to his own defeat in late 894/early 895, as its military governor (''jiedushi''). Background and takeover of Lulong Circuit It is not known when Li Kuangchou was born, but it is known that his family was from Lulong Circuit's capital Fanyang.''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 180. His father Li Quanzhong had overthrown then-military governor of Lulong, Li Keju, in 885 and taken over as military governor; after Li Quanzhong's death in 886, Li Kuangchou's older brother Li Kuangwei took over the circuit and was then made military governor.''New Book of Tang'', vol. 212. Not much is known about Li Kuangchou's activities during Li Kuangwei's governance, but it is known that he married a Lady Zhang, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhangjiakou
Zhangjiakou (), also known as Kalgan and by several other names, is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hebei province in Northern China, bordering Beijing to the southeast, Inner Mongolia to the north and west, and Shanxi to the southwest. In 2020, its population was 4,118,908 inhabitants, with an area of , divided into 17 counties and districts. The built-up (''or metro'') area, made of Qiaoxi, Qiaodong, Chongli, Xuanhua, Xiahuayuan Districts, is largely conurbated, with 1,413,861 inhabitants in 2020 in an area of . Since ancient times, Zhangjiakou has been a stronghold of military significance and vied for by multiple sides, hence it is nicknamed the Northern Gate of Beijing. Due to its strategic position on several important transport arteries, it is a critical node for travel between Hebei and Inner Mongolia and connecting northwest China, Mongolia, and Beijing. Dajingmen, an important gate and junction of the Great Wall of China, is located here. In the south, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddha
Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha (),* * * was a wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist legends, he was born in Lumbini, in what is now Nepal, to royal parents of the Shakya clan, but renounced his home life to live as a wandering ascetic. After leading a life of mendicancy, asceticism, and meditation, he attained nirvana at Bodh Gayā in what is now India. The Buddha then wandered through the lower Indo-Gangetic Plain, teaching and building a monastic order. Buddhist tradition holds he died in Kushinagar and reached ''parinirvana'' ("final release from conditioned existence"). According to Buddhist tradition, the Buddha taught a Middle Way between sensual indulgence and severe asceticism, leading to freedom from ignorance, craving, rebirth, and suffering. His core teachings are summarized in the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Ei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
