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Lists Of 20th-century Earthquakes
This list of 20th-century earthquakes is a list of earthquakes of Seismic scale, magnitude 6 and above that occurred in the 20th century. Sone smaller events which nevertheless had a significant impact are also included. After 1900 most earthquakes have some degree of seismometer, instrumental records and this means that the locations and magnitudes are more reliable than for earlier events. List of deadliest earthquakes List of largest earthquakes by magnitude * Note: At least 8.5+ magnitude List of deadliest earthquakes by year 1901–1910 1911–1920 1921–1930 1931–1940 1941–1950 1951–1960 1961–1970 1971–1980 1981–1990 1991–2000 :Key to magnitudes :ML = Richter magnitude scale, Local magnitude (Richter) :MS = Surface-wave magnitude :Mw = moment magnitude scale, Moment magnitude See also *Lists of earthquakes References {{DEFAULTSORT:20th-century earthquakes Lists of 20th-century earthquakes, 20th-century earthquakes, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USGS Magnitude 8 Earthquakes Since 1900
The United States Geological Survey (USGS), founded as the Geological Survey, is an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior whose work spans the disciplines of biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The agency was founded on March 3, 1879, to study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The agency also makes maps of planets and moons, based on data from U.S. space probes. The sole scientific agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior, USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility. It is headquartered in Reston, Virginia, with major offices near Lakewood, Colorado; at the Denver Federal Center; and in NASA Research Park in California. In 2009, it employed about 8,670 people. The current motto of the USGS, in use since August 1997, is "science for a changing world". The agency's previous slogan, adopted on its hundredth anniversary, was "Earth Science in the Public ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1927 Gulang Earthquake
The 1927 Gulang earthquake occurred at 06:32 a.m. on 23 May (22:32 UTC on 22 May). This 7.7 Moment magnitude scale, magnitude event had an epicenter near Gulang, Gansu in the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China. There were 40,912 deaths. It was felt up to 700 km (435 mi) away. Geology The continental collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate has formed the Himalayas and the large uplifted area of the Tibetan Plateau. The northeastern part of Tibet is affected by the eastward lateral spreading of the Tibetan Plateau. This spreading is accommodated by a series of sinistral (left-lateral) Fault (geology)#Strike-slip faults, strike-slip faults, including the Altyn Tagh fault, Altyn Tagh, Haiyuan Fault, Haiyuan, Kunlun fault, Kunlun and Xianshuihe fault system, Xianshuihe faults, combined with Thrust fault, thrusting on the Longmenshan fault. The earthquake ruptured the complex thrust fault system in the Qilian Mountains transpressional z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1962 Buin Zahra Earthquake
The 1962 Buin Zahra earthquake (Persian: زمینلرزه ۱۳۴۱ بویینزهرا) occurred on September 1 in the area of Buin Zahra, Qazvin province, Iran. The shock had a Richter magnitude of 7.1 and resulted in 12,225 fatalities. Qazvin Province lies in an area of Iran that experiences large earthquakes. The 1962 event originated on one of many faults in the area, called the Ipak Fault. The fault is believed to have been reactivated multiple times. Geology Iran is a seismically active zone, lying between the converging Eurasian and Arabian plates. Because it has both strike-slip and reverse faults, earthquakes often proceed so that if one fault is overwhelmed by movement, the movement will branch off to another fault, creating a separate earthquake. Buin Zahra County lies within a zone of active thrust faults, complemented by folds, that extends south from the Alborz mountains. Despite the presence of faults, Qazvin province does not regularly experience e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1968 Dasht-e Bayaz And Ferdows Earthquakes
The Dasht-e Bayaz and Ferdows earthquakes (Persian: زمینلرزه ۱۳۴۷ دشت بیاض و زمین لرزه فردوس) occurred in Dashte Bayaz, Kakhk and Ferdows, Iran in late August and early September 1968. The mainshock measured 7.1 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum perceived intensity of X (''Extreme'') on the Mercalli intensity scale. Damage was heavy in the affected areas with thousands of lives lost in the first event and many hundreds more in the second strong event. Tectonic setting The Iranian plateau is confined by the Turan platform in the north and the Zagros fold and thrust belt and Makran Trench in the south. The Arabian plate is converging to the north with the Eurasian plate at a rate of per year, and is diffused across a zone resulting in continental shortening and thickening throughout the plateau, with strike-slip and reverse faulting present, as well as subduction at the Makran coast. In eastern Iran, the shortening is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 Tabas Earthquake
The 1978 Tabas earthquake (Persian: زمینلرزه ۱۳۵۷ طبس) occurred on September 16 at 19:05:55 local time in central Iran. The shock measured 7.4 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX+ (''Violent''). The death toll was in the range of 15,000–25,000, with severe damage occurring in the town of Tabas. Tectonic setting Iran is one of the most seismically active countries in the world, being crossed by several major faults that cover at least 90% of the country. The Iranian plateau is confined by the Turan platform in the north and the Zagros fold and thrust belt and Makran Trench in the south. The Arabian plate is converging to the north with the Eurasian plate at a rate of per year, and is diffused across a zone resulting in continental shortening and thickening throughout the plateau, with strike-slip and reverse faulting present, as well as subduction at the Makran coast. In eastern Iran, the shortening is accommodated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970 Tonghai Earthquake
An earthquake occurred in Tonghai, Yunnan province, China at 1970 with a moment magnitude of 7.1 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). The strike-slip rupture originated on the Red River Fault, which had not experienced an earthquake above magnitude 7 since 1700. At least 10,000 people were killed, making it one of the deadliest in its decade. The tremor caused between US$5 and $25 million in damage,This would cost roughly US$ million to US$ million in . felt over an area of . In Hanoi, North Vietnam, almost from the epicenter, victims left their homes as the rupture rumbled through the city. Occurring during the height of the Cultural Revolution, it was not widely publicized by the Chinese government for well over a decade. The amount of aid and finances distributed was described by the ''Beijing Morning Post'' as "pathetically small". Much of the aid provided to survivors was in "spiritual" form, including Mao Zedong badges and condolence letters. Neverthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1999 İzmit Earthquake
An earthquake of moment magnitude 7.6 struck Kocaeli Province, Turkey on 17 August 1999. According to official figures, at least 18,373 people died and 48,901 people were injured during the earthquake, and 5,840 people were missing. At least 155 deaths were associated with the tsunami. The damage was estimated at between $12 billion and $20 billion (in 1999 U.S. dollars) according to various sources such as the World Bank. The earthquake was named for the epicenter's proximity to the northwestern city of İzmit. It occurred at 03:01 local time (00:01 UTC) at a shallow depth of . A maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme'') was observed. The earthquake lasted for 37 seconds, causing seismic damage, and is widely remembered as one of the deadliest natural disasters in modern Turkish history. The 1999 earthquake was part of a seismic sequence along the North Anatolian Fault that started in 1939, causing large earthquakes that moved progressively from east to west over a period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1905 Kangra Earthquake
The 1905 Kangra earthquake occurred in the Kangra Valley and the Kangra district of the Himachal Pradesh, in India on 4 April 1905. The earthquake measured 7.8 on the surface-wave magnitude scale and killed more than 20,000 people. Apart from this, most buildings in the towns of Kangra, Mcleodganj and Dharamshala were destroyed. The earthquake also had a widespread impact in Jammu and Kashmir particularly in the densely populated Kashmir valley. A total of 7,000 to 8,000 people were killed in Jammu and Kashmir with 4,000 to 5,000 deaths occurring in the Kashmir valley. Widespread structural damage was reported across Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttrakhand. Background The calculated epicenter of the earthquake lies within the zone of thrusts along the front of the Himalayas formed by the continuing collision of the Indian plate into the Eurasian plate. Underthrusting of the Indian subcontinent beneath Tibet along a 2,500 km long convergent boundary known a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guatemala
Guatemala, officially the Republic of Guatemala, is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico, to the northeast by Belize, to the east by Honduras, and to the southeast by El Salvador. It is hydrologically bordered to the south by the Pacific Ocean and to the northeast by the Gulf of Honduras. The territory of modern Guatemala hosted the core of the Maya civilization, which extended across Mesoamerica; in the 16th century, most of this was Spanish conquest of Guatemala, conquered by the Spanish and claimed as part of the viceroyalty of New Spain. Guatemala attained independence from Spain and Mexico in 1821. From 1823 to 1841, it was part of the Federal Republic of Central America. For the latter half of the 19th century, Guatemala suffered instability and civil strife. From the early 20th century, it was ruled by a series of dictators backed by the United States. In 1944, authoritarian leader Jorge Ubico was overthrown by a pro-democratic m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1976 Guatemala Earthquake
The 1976 Guatemala earthquake struck on February 4 at with a moment magnitude of 7.5. The shock was centered on the Motagua Fault, about 160 km northeast of Guatemala City at a depth of near the town of Los Amates in the department of Izabal. The earthquake ruptured a continuous length of 240 km along the Motagua fault and might have extended further to the east and west but was blocked by vegetation and swamps. Cities throughout the country suffered damage, and most adobe type houses in the outlying areas of Guatemala City were destroyed. The earthquake struck during the early morning (at 3:01 am, local time) when most people were asleep. This contributed to the high death toll of 23,000. Approximately 76,000 were injured, and many thousands left homeless. Some of the areas affected went without electricity and communications for days. The main shock was followed by thousands of aftershocks, some of the larger ones causing additional damage and loss of life. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1939 Chillán Earthquake
The 1939 Chillán earthquake occurred in south-central Chile on 24 January with a surface-wave magnitude of 8.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). With a death toll of around 28,000, compared to the 2,231–6,000 (official estimates vary greatly) (Exact data location missing from URL) of the 1960 Valdivia earthquake, Great Chilean earthquake of 1960, it is the single deadliest earthquake in Chile. Earthquake At 23:32, the earth began to shake strongly underneath Chillán, destroying more than half of it, including around 3,500 homes and the recently constructed Casa Rabié which then was in the city. Aftershocks followed although they were less intense, which left the city completely destroyed. Until then, the Cathedral of Chillán had been one of the principal buildings of the area, but it was completely destroyed. The church that was built to replace it was designed specifically to withstand future earthquakes. At 23:35, Concepción, Chile, Concepción was vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1915 Avezzano Earthquake
The 1915 Avezzano earthquake or 1915 Fucino earthquake occurred on 13 January in central Italy at . The shock had a moment magnitude of 6.7 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''). The epicenter was located in the city of Avezzano (which was destroyed) in the Province of L'Aquila. Around 30,000 direct fatalities and $60 million in damage resulted from the earthquake. Tectonic setting The central Apennines of Italy are dominated by extensional tectonics as a result of either roll-back associated with continuing subduction of the Adriatic plate or northeastward movement of the Adriatic plate relative to the Eurasian plate. The epicentral area of the earthquake lies within the Fucino Basin, an area of active rifting with a Pliocene to recent fill of greater than 1 km of fluvial to lacustrine sediments. Since the Late Pliocene the subsidence has controlled by a set of NW-SE trending, SW- dipping normal faults, including the Marsican Hwy Fault (MHF) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
