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List Of Polish Jews
From the Middle Ages until the Holocaust, Polish Jews comprised an appreciable part of Poland's population. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, known for its religious toleranceHugh Redwald Trevor-Roper, ''From Counter-Reformation to Glorious Revolution'', University of Chicago Press 1992, page 51. Quote: "Poland, at that time, was the most tolerant country in Europe." Also in Britain and the Netherlands' by S. Groenveld, Michael J. Wintle; and in The exchange of ideas' (Walburg Instituut, 1994). and described as '' Paradisus Judaeorum'' (Latin for "Paradise of the Jews"), had attracted tens of thousands of Jews who fled persecution from other European countries. Poland was a major spiritual and cultural center for Ashkenazi Jews. At the start of the Second World War, Poland had the largest Jewish population in the world (over 3.3 million, some 10% of the general Polish population). The vast majority were murdered under the Nazi "Final Solution" mass-extermination program i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages. Population decline, counterurbanisation, the collapse of centralised authority, invasions, and mass migrations of tribes, which had begun in late antiquity, continued into the Early Middle Ages. The large-scale movements of the Migration Period, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East—once part of the Byzantine Empire� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakub Berman
Jakub Berman (23 December 1901 – 10 April 1984) was a Polish communist politician. An activist during the Second Polish Republic, in post-war communist Poland he was a member of the Politburo of the Polish Workers' Party (PPR) and then of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR). From 1948, he was considered the second most powerful politician in Poland after President Bolesław Bierut, until he was removed from power in 1956, following Bierut's death. Alongside Bierut, Berman was responsible for party oversight of the Stalinist Ministry of Public Security, commonly known as the "UB". Under Berman's leadership, 200,000 people were imprisoned for alleged political crimes, and 6000 were executed. Berman also oversaw Poland's cultural affairs. Early career Jakub Berman was born into a middle-class Jewish family in Warsaw on 23 December 1901. His younger brother was Adolf Berman. Jakub became a member of the Communist Youth Union and in 1928 joined the Communist Party of Pola ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Miliband
David Wright Miliband (born 15 July 1965) is the president and chief executive officer (CEO) of the International Rescue Committee and a former British Labour Party politician. He was the Foreign Secretary from 2007 to 2010 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for South Shields in North East England from 2001 to 2013. He and his brother, Ed, were the first siblings to sit in the Cabinet simultaneously since Edward, Lord Stanley and Oliver Stanley in 1938. He was a candidate for Labour Party leadership in 2010, following the departure of Gordon Brown, but was defeated by his brother and subsequently left politics. Miliband started his career at the Institute for Public Policy Research. Aged 29, he became Tony Blair's Head of Policy while the Labour Party was in opposition, and he was a contributor to Labour's manifesto for the 1997 election, which brought the party to power. Blair subsequently made him head of the Prime Minister's Policy Unit from 1997 to 2001, at which p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Michnik
Adam Michnik (; born 17 October 1946) is a Polish historian, essayist, former Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989), dissident, Intellectual#Public intellectual, public intellectual, as well as co-founder and editor-in-chief of the Polish newspaper . Reared in a family of committed communists, Michnik became an opponent of Poland's communist regime at the time of the party's anti-Jewish purges. He was imprisoned after the 1968 1968 Polish political crisis, March Events and again after the imposition of Martial Law in Poland, martial law in 1981. He has been called "one of Poland's most famous political prisoners". Michnik played a crucial role during the Polish Round Table Talks, as a result of which the communists agreed to call 1989 Polish legislative election, elections in 1989, which were won by Solidarity (Polish trade union), Solidarity. Though he has withdrawn from active politics, he has "maintained an influential voice through journalism". He has received ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Meller
Stefan Meller (4 July 1942 in Lyon, France – 4 February 2008 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish diplomat and academician. He served as foreign minister of Poland from 31 October 2005, to 9 May 2006, in the cabinet of Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz. He was born to a Jewish family. Meller was a graduate from the faculty of history of the University of Warsaw. He was a Humanities professor until he was employed by the Polish Institute of International Affairs. He was also an editor-in-chief of a Polish monthly magazine "Mówią Wieki". From 1974 to 1992 he worked at the University of Warsaw and State Higher School of Drama and School of Social Sciences in Warsaw. He was previously the ambassador to France and Russia. He resigned from the position of a minister after Law and Justice made coalition with Samoobrona, and Samoobrona's leader, Andrzej Lepper. Meller said "I am not going to be the clown at Andrzej I's court". One of his sons – Marcin Meller was the editor-in-chief of the Polis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herman Lieberman
Herman Lieberman (4 January 1870 – 21 October 1941) was a Polish lawyer and socialist politician. Life Lieberman was born into a Jewish family in Drohobycz, Galicia, then part of Austro-Hungary. From 1907 to 1914 and from 1917 to 1918, he was a member of parliament in Vienna. During World War I he joined the Polish Legions of Józef Piłsudski as a private. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant and took part in the Battle of Kostiuchnówka, for which he was awarded the Polish Cross of Valor. During the Oath crisis, when Polish troops refused to swear allegiance to Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany, Lieberman served as the lawyer for the Polish soldiers who were charged with treason by the German authorities. After World War I Lieberman became a leader of the Polish Socialist Party (''PPS''), serving on its executive committee. In January 1919 he became a member of the Polish ''Sejm'' (parliament). In 1923 he successfully defended the Kraków workers charged in the af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agata Kornhauser-Duda
Agata Kornhauser-Duda (born 2 April 1972) is First Lady of Poland since 2015 as the wife of president of Poland, Andrzej Duda. Background and family Kornhauser was born in Kraków, the child of Julian Kornhauser, a Polish people, Polish writer, translator and literary critic of Jews, Jewish descent, and Alicja Wojna, a Polonistics, Polish philologist. She has one brother, Jakub, a poet and translator. She has been married to Andrzej Duda since 21 December 1994. Together they have one daughter. Professional career She is a teacher at the Jan III Sobieski High School, Kraków, where she has worked since 1998. She has been described as a demanding but fair and dedicated teacher, and during the presidential campaign only took one day off, vowing to stay with her students until the end of the school year. The school is her husband's alma mater, she herself attended its rival Bartłomiej Nowodworski High School. She wrote her dissertation on the tetralogy of Horst Bienek at the Jagiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julian Klaczko
Julian Klaczko (6 November 1825, Vilna (Wilno, Vilnius) – 26 November 1906, Kraków) was a Polish author, proficient in Hebrew, Polish, French, and German. He was born Jehuda Lejb into a wealthy Jewish family. At the age of 17 he published a book of Hebrew poetry called "Duda'im" (דודאים), as well as translating Polish literary works into Hebrew. He studied in Wilno and Königsberg (Królewiec), his interests including philosophy, history and literature. In 1847, he earned a PhD (doctorate work ''De rebus Franco-Gallicis saeculi XV''). He then moved to Heidelberg, and published in the liberal ''Deutsche Zeitung''. After the failure of the Poznań uprising (1848) he emigrated to France where he lived for the following 20 years. In Paris he changed his name and converted to Roman Catholic Christianity (1856), after his father's death. He was a co-editor of ''Wiadomości Polskie'', and published in ''Revue de Paris'', ''Revue Contemporaine'', and ''Revue des Deux Mondes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Lady Of Poland
First Lady of the Republic of Poland is an informal designation customarily applied to the wife of the President of Poland, president of the Republic of Poland (as so far all Polish president in Third Republic had wives). The First Lady does not hold a constitutional position and there are no political duties associated with the role. However, the first lady sometimes accompanies her husband on formal occasions such as state visits. The current Polish first lady is Agata Kornhauser-Duda. Second Republic (1918–1939) Government-in-Exile (1939–1990) Communist Poland/Polish People's Republic (1944–1989) Third Republic (since 1989) References External links First Lady of Poland (in Polish) {{First Ladies and Gentlemen Lists of spouses of heads of state, Poland First ladies of Poland, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Komorowska
Anna Julia Komorowska (born Anna Julia Dziadzia, formerly Dembowska; 11 May 1953) is a Polish classical philologist and former First Lady of Poland, as the wife of 5th President of Poland, Bronisław Komorowski. Early life and education She was born to Jan Dziadzia and Józefa Deptuła (born as Hana Rojer). Both of her parents worked for the communist Ministry of Public Security in post-war Poland. Her maternal grandparents Wolf and Estera Rojer were killed in the Holocaust. The family later changed their name to "Dembowski". Anna Dembowska studied at the Tadeusz Rejtan Lyceum and went on to read classical philology''Anna Komorowska. Harcerka'', gazeta.pl Retrieved 7 July 2010 at the |
Shlomo Goren
Shlomo Goren (; 3 February 1918 – 29 October 1994), was a Polish-born Israeli rabbi and Talmud#Scholarship, Talmudic scholar. An Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox Jew and Religious Zionism, Religious Zionist, he was considered a foremost Posek, rabbinical legal authority on matters of Jewish religious law (''halakha''). In 1948, Goren founded and served as the first head of the Military Rabbinate of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), a position he held until 1968. Subsequently, he served as Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv–Jaffa between 1968 and his 1972 election as the Chief Rabbinate of Israel, Chief Rabbi of Israel; the fourth Ashkenazi Jews, Ashkenazi Jew to hold office. After his 1983 retirement from the country's Chief Rabbinate, Goren served as the head of a yeshiva that he established in Jerusalem. While serving in the IDF, Goren fought in three of the Arab–Israeli conflict, Arab–Israeli wars, and wrote several award-winning books on ''halakha''. Early life and educatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bronisław Geremek
Bronisław Geremek (; born Benjamin Lewertow;"Mój polski brat (My Polish Brother)", interview with Jerry Lewart, by Waldemar Piasecki 6 March 1932 – 13 July 2008) was a Polish and politician. He was an opposition activist in the and participated in the |
