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List Of Major League Baseball Umpires (A–F)
The following is a list of umpire (baseball), baseball umpires with surnames beginning with the letters A through F who officiated in Major League Baseball (MLB). The list includes those who worked in any of four 19th century major leagues (American Association (19th century), American Association, National Association of Professional Base Ball Players, National Association, Players' League, Union Association), one defunct 20th century major league (Federal League), the currently active MLB, or either of its leagues (American League, National League (baseball), National League) when they maintained separate umpiring staffs. All of the above leagues, with the exception of the National Association, are recognized by MLB’s Special Baseball Records Committee. The NA’s status as a major league is disputed, with some researchers such as those involved with Retrosheet including it in their major league statistics. In the early days of organized baseball, umpires were unpaid volunte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Major League Baseball Umpires (G–M)
The following is a list of umpire (baseball), baseball umpires with surnames beginning with the letters G through M who officiated in Major League Baseball (MLB). The list includes those who worked in any of four 19th century major leagues (American Association (19th century), American Association, National Association of Professional Base Ball Players, National Association, Players' League, Union Association), one defunct 20th century major league (Federal League), the currently active Major League Baseball, or either of its leagues (American League, National League (baseball), National League) when they maintained separate umpiring staffs. All of the above leagues, with the exception of the National Association, are recognized by MLB’s Special Baseball Records Committee. The NA’s status as a major league is disputed, with some researchers such as those involved with Retrosheet including it in their major league statistics. Key Umpires (G–M) G Games per leag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major League Umpires Association
The Major League Umpires Association (MLUA) was a union for the umpires of both the American League and the National League. It was formed in 1970. It was decertified and replaced by the World Umpires Association (now the Major League Baseball Umpires Association), which became the bargaining agent for MLB umpires before the 2000 season. History After a one-day strike by the umpires during the 1970 playoffs (the first games of both the ALCS and NLCS), the union was recognized by both the National and American League presidents. It then proceeded to win several pay raises for the umpires. Richie Phillips became general counsel and executive director of the MLUA in 1978. The umpires went on strike again in 1979, making many realize that the game was quite different without the umpires. The MLUA was asking for a package of $520,000 in raises for the 52 umpires. Technically, rather than going on strike, the umpires just did not return their contracts to Major League Baseball. Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East–West League
The East–West League was an American Negro baseball league that operated during the period when professional baseball in the United States was segregated. Cum Posey organized the league in 1932, but it did not last the full year and folded in June of that year. It was the first Negro league to include teams from both the Eastern and Midwestern United States. Although the league lasted less than one season, it featured one of the strongest teams in the history of Negro league baseball, the 1932 Detroit Wolves. The league provided a foundation for the development of the second Negro National League, which would become the premier league for African American baseball players. League history By early 1932, facing the severe financial problems associated with the Great Depression, the nation no longer had any functioning major Negro leagues. The first Negro National League, which operated primarily in the American Midwest, limped through the 1931 season following the death of i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Negro League
The American Negro League (ANL) was one of several Negro league baseball, Negro leagues established during the period in the United States in which organized baseball was segregated. The ANL operated on the East Coast of the United States in 1929. History The Eastern Colored League (ECL) had been the eastern of two major Negro league baseball, Negro leagues from 1923 through 1927 until its collapse during the 1928 season. Next winter the American Negro League was established by five former ECL teams—the Bacharach Giants of Atlantic City, the Baltimore Black Sox, the traveling Cuban Stars (East), Cuban Stars, the Hilldale Club of Darby, Pennsylvania, and the Lincoln Giants of New York City—along with the Homestead Grays, an important independent club. 1929 season :''Annual final standings: 1929 in baseball#American Negro League final standings, 1929'' The ANL operated a split season: first half and second-half schedules with a planned playoff for a pennant in a po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Colored League
The Mutual Association of Eastern Colored Clubs, more commonly known as the Eastern Colored League (ECL), was one of the several Negro leagues, which operated during the time organized baseball was segregated. League history Founding The ECL was founded in 1923 when the Philadelphia-area Hilldale Club and the Bacharach Giants of Atlantic City, both associate members of the midwest-based Negro National League (NNL), broke with the NNL and allied with the white promoter Nat Strong to form an east coast league. The charter members were: Hilldale, the Bacharach Giants, the Brooklyn Royal Giants, the Cuban Stars (East), the Lincoln Giants of New York, and the Baltimore Black Sox. In 1924 the Harrisburg Giants and Washington Potomacs joined, bringing the circuit to eight clubs. The ECL raided the NNL for players, including Hall of Famers Oscar Charleston, Biz Mackey, and John Henry Lloyd, starting a war that lasted for two years. In 1925 the Washington Potomacs move ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negro National League (1933–1948)
The second Negro National League (NNL II) was one of the several Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when organized baseball was segregated. The league was founded in 1933 by businessman Gus Greenlee of Pittsburgh. League history The second Negro National League was established in 1933 by Gus Greenlee, an African-American businessman of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, two years after the first Negro National League had disbanded, after the start of the Great Depression. The second Negro National League lasted until 1948, the year after Major League Baseball integrated. After that, its surviving teams merged into the Negro American League. To distinguish between the two Negro National Leagues, they are usually referred to as the first Negro National League (NNL I) and the second Negro National League (NNL II). Negro National League franchises :''Annual final standings: 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negro National League (1920–1931)
The first Negro National League (NNL I) was one of the several Negro league baseball, Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when Baseball color line, organized baseball was segregated. The league was formed in 1920 with former player Rube Foster as its president. League history Founding Led by Rube Foster, owner and manager of the Chicago American Giants, the NNL was established on February 13, 1920, by a coalition of team owners at a meeting in a Kansas City YMCA. The formation included the creation of the NLL constitution, written by journalist Cary B. Lewis, David Wyatt from the ''Indianapolis Ledger'', Elwood C. Knox from the ''Indianapolis Freeman'', and attorney Elisha Scott. The new league was the first African-American baseball circuit to achieve stability and last more than one season. At first the league operated mainly in Midwestern United States, midwestern cities, ranging from Kansas City in the west to Pittsburgh in the eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negro League Baseball
The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams of African Americans. The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be used narrowly for the seven relatively successful leagues beginning in 1920 that are sometimes termed "Negro Major Leagues". In the late 19th century, the baseball color line developed, excluding African Americans from play in major baseball leagues and affiliated minor leagues (collectively known as organized baseball). The first professional baseball league consisting of all-black teams, the National Colored Base Ball League, was organized strictly as a minor league but failed in 1887 after only two weeks owing to low attendance. After several decades of mostly independent play by a variety of teams, the first Negro National League was formed in 1920 by Rube Foster. Ultimately, seven Negro major leagues existed at various times over the next thirty years. After in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deseret News
The ''Deseret News'' () is a multi-platform newspaper based in Salt Lake City, published by Deseret News Publishing Company, a subsidiary of Deseret Management Corporation, which is owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Founded in 1850, it was the first newspaper to be published in Utah. The publication's name is from the geographic area of State of Deseret, Deseret identified by Utah's Mormon pioneers, pioneer settlers, and much of the publication's reporting is rooted in that region. On January 1, 2021, the newspaper switched from a daily to a weekly print format while continuing to publish daily on the website and Deseret News app. As of 2024, ''Deseret News'' develops daily content for its website and apps, in addition to twice weekly print editions of the ''Deseret News'' Local Edition and a weekly edition of the ''Church News'' and ''Deseret News'' National Edition. The company also publishes 10 editions of ''Deseret Magazine'' per year. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roanoke Times
''The Roanoke Times'' is the primary newspaper in Southwestern Virginia and is based in Roanoke, Virginia, United States. It is published by Lee Enterprises. In addition to its headquarters in Roanoke, it maintains a bureau in Christiansburg, covering the eastern New River Valley and Virginia Tech. According to the 2011 Scarborough “Ranker Report,” ''The Roanoke Times'' ranks fifth in the country in terms of percentage of adults reading a newspaper on weekdays in that newspaper's coverage area. History The ''Roanoke Daily Times'' began publication in 1886. The paper's original owner, M. H. Claytor, eventually added a companion evening newspaper, ''The Roanoke Evening News''. In 1909, he sold the paper to a group headed by banker J. B. Fishburn. The Fishburn group bought the ''Roanoke Evening World'' in 1913, merging it with the ''Evening News'' and changing its name to the ''Roanoke World-News''. At the same time, Times-World Corporation was formed as the owner of bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Society For American Baseball Research
The Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) is a membership organization dedicated to fostering the research and dissemination of the history and statistical record of baseball. The organization was founded in Cooperstown, New York, on August 10, 1971, at a meeting of 16 "statistorians" coordinated by sportswriter Bob Davids. The organization now reports a membership of over 7,500 and is based in Phoenix, Arizona. Membership While the acronym "SABR" was used to coin the word sabermetrics (for the use of sophisticated mathematical tools to analyze baseball), the Society is about much more than statistics. Well-known figures in the baseball world such as Bob Costas, Keith Olbermann, Craig R. Wright, and Rollie Hemond are members, along with highly regarded "sabermetricians" such as Bill James and Rob Neyer. Among Major League Baseball players, Jeff Bajenaru was believed to have been (until 2006) the only active player with a SABR membership; Elden Auker, Larry D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major League Baseball Umpires Association
The Major League Baseball Umpires Association (MLBUA) is an organization of Major League Baseball (MLB) umpires. It was certified by the National Labor Relations Board on February 24, 2000, as the World Umpires Association (WUA) as a bargaining agent. It took over as the bargaining agent for MLB umpires after the 2000 MLB season, replacing the Major League Umpires Association (MLUA), which dated back to 1970, and has since been responsible for defending their personnel since. On July 17, 2018, it rebranded itself as the Major League Baseball Umpires Association. Formation The MLUA, led by longtime negotiating attorney Richie Phillips, was decertified by its member umpires (by a vote of 57 to 35) in February 2000, after Phillips' strategy of mass resignations in September 1999 backfired, with MLB simply accepting many of the resignations and promoting new umpires from the minor leagues. The WUA was created immediately afterward. Its first president was working umpire John Hirsc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
