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List Of Progestogen Esters
This is a list of progestogen esters, or esters of progestogens. Unlike the case of testosterone and estradiol, progesterone cannot be esterified as it lacks hydroxyl groups, so all progestogen esters, with the exception of esters of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone like hydroxyprogesterone caproate, are esters of progestins (synthetic progestogens) and are non- bioidentical. In addition, whereas all androgen and estrogen esters are prodrugs of the parent compound, only some and not all progestogen esters act as prodrugs. Esters of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and 19-norprogesterone derivatives like hydroxyprogesterone caproate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, and nomegestrol acetate are active themselves and ''are not'' prodrugs, whereas esters of 19-nortestosterone derivatives like norethisterone acetate and norethisterone enanthate are not active themselves and ''are'' prodrugs. Esters of progesterone derivatives Esters of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives Marketed The following m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norethisterone Acetate
Norethisterone acetate (NETA), also known as norethindrone acetate and sold under the brand name Primolut-Nor among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills, menopausal hormone therapy, and for the treatment of gynecological disorders. The medication available in low-dose and high-dose formulations and is used alone or in combination with an estrogen. It is ingested orally. Side effects of NETA include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, mood changes, acne, increased hair growth, and others. NETA is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has weak androgenic and estrogenic activity and no other important hormonal activity. The medication is a prodrug of norethisterone in the body. NETA was patented in 1957 and was introduced for medical use in 1964. It is sometimes referred to as a "first-generation" pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parent Compound
In chemistry, a parent structure is the structure of an unadorned ion or molecule from which derivatives can be visualized. Parent structures underpin systematic nomenclature and facilitate classification. Fundamental parent structures have one or no functional groups and often have various types of symmetry. Benzene () is a chemical itself consisting of a hexagonal ring of carbon atoms with a hydrogen atom attached to each, and is the parent of many derivatives that have substituent atoms or groups replacing one or more of the hydrogens. Some parents are rare or nonexistent themselves, as in the case of porphine, though many simple and complex derivatives are known. File:Benzene circle.png, Benzene is the parent. File:Toluene-vec.svg, Toluene is a derivative of benzene. File:Porphyrin.svg, Porphine is the parent of porphyrins. File:PPIXtransH.png, Protoporphyrin IX is a natural derivative of the parent porphine. File:H2octaethylporphyrin.png, Octaethylporphyrin is a syntheti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anagestone Acetate
Anagestone acetate, sold under the brand names Anatropin and Neo-Novum, is a progestin medication which was withdrawn from medical use due to carcinogenicity observed in animal studies. Medical uses Anagestone acetate was used in combination with the estrogen mestranol as a combined birth control pill. Pharmacology Based on its chemical structure, namely the lack of a C3 ketone, it is probable that anagestone acetate is a prodrug of medroxyprogesterone acetate (the 3-keto analogue). Chemistry Anagestone acetate, also known as 3-deketo-6α-methyl-17α-acetoxyprogesterone or as 6α-methyl-17α-acetoxypregn-4-en-20-one, is a synthetic pregnane steroid and a derivative of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone. It is the C17α acetate ester of anagestone, which, in contrast to anagestone acetate, was never marketed. Anagestone acetate is closely related structurally to medroxyprogesterone acetate (6α-methyl-17α-acetoxyprogesterone). History Anagestone acetate was introd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acetomepregenol
Acetomepregenol (ACM), also known as mepregenol diacetate and sold under the brand name Diamol, is a progestin medication which is used in Russia for the treatment of gynecological conditions and as a method of birth control in combination with an estrogen. It has also been studied in the treatment of threatened abortion. It has been used in veterinary medicine as well. It has been marketed since at least 1981. Pharmacology Based on its chemical structure, specifically the lack of a C3 ketone, it is probable that acetomepregenol is a prodrug of megestrol acetate (the 3-keto analogue). Chemistry Acetomepregenol, also known as megestrol 3β,17α-diacetate, as well as 3β-dihydro-6-dehydro-6-methyl-17α-hydroxyprogesterone diacetate or as 3β,17α-diacetoxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-dien-20-one, is a synthetic pregnane steroid and a derivative of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone. It is very close to megestrol acetate (6-dehydro-6-methyl-17α-acetoxyprogesterone) in structure, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megestrol Acetate
Megestrol acetate (MGA), sold under the brand name Megace among others, is a progestin medication which is used mainly as an appetite stimulant to treat wasting syndromes such as cachexia. It is also used to treat breast cancer and endometrial cancer, and has been used in birth control. Megestrol acetate is generally formulated alone, although it has been combined with estrogens in birth control formulations. It is usually taken by mouth. Side effects of megestrol acetate include increased appetite, weight gain, vaginal bleeding, nausea, edema, low sex hormone levels, sexual dysfunction, osteoporosis, cardiovascular complications, glucocorticoid effects, and others. Megestrol acetate is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has weak partial androgenic activity, weak glucocorticoid activity, and no other important hormonal activity. Due to its progestogenic act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate
Hydroxyprogesterone caproate, sold under the brand name Delalutin among others, is a medication used to reduce the risk of preterm birth in women pregnant with one baby who have a history of spontaneous preterm birth. In March 2023, the manufacturer, Covis Pharma, agreed to withdraw the drug from the US market. The approval of this drug substance was withdrawn by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 2023. In May 2024, the Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee of the European Medicines Agency recommended suspending the marketing authorizations of medications containing 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in the European Union. Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. Hydroxyprogesterone caproate is a progestin medication which was used to prevent preterm birth in pregnancy, pregnant women with a history of the condition and to treat gynecological disorders. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyproterone Acetate
Cyproterone acetate (CPA), sold alone under the brand name Androcur or Ethinylestradiol/cyproterone acetate, with ethinylestradiol under the brand names Diane or Diane-35 among others, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions such as acne, hirsutism, excessive body hair growth, precocious puberty, early puberty, and prostate cancer, as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for Transgender, transgender individuals, and in oral contraceptive, birth control pills. It is formulated and used both alone and in combination with an estrogen (medication), estrogen. CPA is taken Oral administration, by mouth one to three times per day. Common side effects of high-dose CPA in men include gynecomastia (breast development) and feminization (biology), feminization. In both men and women, possible side effects of CPA include hypogonadism, low sex hormone levels, reversible infertility, sexual dysfunction, fatigue (medical), fatigue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlormadinone Acetate
Chlormadinone acetate (CMA), sold under the brand names Belara, Gynorelle, Lutéran, and Prostal among others, is a progestin and antiandrogen medication which is used in birth control pills to prevent pregnancy, as a component of menopausal hormone therapy, in the treatment of gynecological disorders, and in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions like enlarged prostate and prostate cancer in men and acne and hirsutism in women. It is available both at a low dose in combination with an estrogen in birth control pills and, in a few countries like France and Japan, at low, moderate, and high doses alone for various indications. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of the combination of an estrogen and CMA include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, vaginal discharge, and others. At high dosages, CMA can cause sexual dysfunction, demasculinization, adrenal insufficiency, and changes in carbohydrate metabolism among other adverse effects. The drug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norethisterone Enanthate
Norethisterone enanthate (NETE), also known as norethindrone enanthate, is a form of hormonal birth control which is used to prevent pregnancy in women. It is used both as a form of progestogen-only injectable birth control and in combined injectable birth control formulations. It may be used following childbirth, miscarriage, or abortion. The failure rate per year in preventing pregnancy for the progestogen-only formulation is 2 per 100 women. Each dose of this form lasts two months with only up to two doses typically recommended. Side effects include breast pain, headaches, depression, irregular menstrual periods, and pain at the site of injection. Use in those with liver disease is not recommended as is use during pregnancy due to risk of birth defects. Use appears to be okay during breastfeeding. It does not protect against sexually transmitted infections. NETE is an ester and prodrug of norethisterone, through which it works. It works as a method of birth control by st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norethisterone Acetate
Norethisterone acetate (NETA), also known as norethindrone acetate and sold under the brand name Primolut-Nor among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills, menopausal hormone therapy, and for the treatment of gynecological disorders. The medication available in low-dose and high-dose formulations and is used alone or in combination with an estrogen. It is ingested orally. Side effects of NETA include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, mood changes, acne, increased hair growth, and others. NETA is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has weak androgenic and estrogenic activity and no other important hormonal activity. The medication is a prodrug of norethisterone in the body. NETA was patented in 1957 and was introduced for medical use in 1964. It is sometimes referred to as a "first-generation" pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19-nortestosterone
Nandrolone, also known as 19-nortestosterone, is an endogenous androgen. It is also an anabolic steroid (AAS) which is medically used in the form of esters such as nandrolone decanoate (brand name Deca-Durabolin) and nandrolone phenylpropionate (brand name Durabolin). Nandrolone esters are used in the treatment of anemias, cachexia (muscle wasting syndrome), osteoporosis, breast cancer, and for other indications. They are now used by oral administration or instead are given by injection into muscle or fat. Side effects of nandrolone esters include symptoms of masculinization like acne, hirsutism, increased hair growth, and voice deepening, voice changes. They are synthetic compound, synthetic androgens and anabolic steroids and hence are agonists of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Nandrolone has strong anabolic effects and weak androgenic effects, which give them a mild side effect profile and ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nomegestrol Acetate
Nomegestrol acetate (NOMAC), sold under the brand names Lutenyl and Zoely among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills, menopausal hormone therapy, and for the treatment of gynecological disorders. It is available both alone and in combination with an estrogen. NOMAC is taken by mouth. A birth control implant for placement under the skin was also developed but ultimately was not marketed. Side effects of NOMAC include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, and others. NOMAC is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has some antiandrogenic activity and no other important hormonal activity. Nomegestrol, a related compound, was patented in 1975, and NOMAC was described in 1983. NOMAC was first introduced for medical use, for the treatment of gynecological disorders and in menopausal hormone therapy, in Euro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
