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List Of Jewish Mathematicians
This list of Jewish mathematicians includes mathematicians and statisticians who are or were verifiably Jewish or of Jewish descent. In 1933, when the Nazis rose to power in Germany, one-third of all mathematics professors in the country were Jewish, while Jews constituted less than one percent of the population. Jewish mathematicians made major contributions throughout the 20th century and into the 21st, as is evidenced by their high representation among the winners of major mathematics awards: 27% for the Fields Medal, 30% for the Abel Prize, and 40% for the Wolf Prize. A * Abner of Burgos (), mathematician and philosopher * Abraham Abigdor (14th century), logician * Milton Abramowitz (1915–1958), mathematician * Samson Abramsky (born 1953), game semantics * Amir Aczel (1950–2015), history of mathematics * Georgy Adelson-Velsky (1922–2014), mathematician and computer scientist * Abraham Adelstein (1916–1992), statistics * Caleb Afendopolo (c. 1430c. 1499), mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazis
Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During Hitler's rise to power, it was frequently referred to as Hitler Fascism () and Hitlerism (). The term "neo-Nazism" is applied to other far-right groups with similar ideology, which formed after World War II, and after Nazi Germany collapsed. Nazism is a form of fascism, with disdain for liberal democracy and the parliamentary system. Its beliefs include support for dictatorship, fervent antisemitism, anti-communism, anti-Slavism, anti-Romani sentiment, scientific racism, white supremacy, Nordicism, social Darwinism, homophobia, ableism, and the use of eugenics. The ultranationalism of the Nazis originated in pan-Germanism and the ethno-nationalist ''Völkisch movement, Völkisch'' movement which had been a prominent aspect of German nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caleb Afendopolo
Caleb Afendopolo (born at Adrianople December 1, 1464; lived some time at Belgrade, and died March 1523 at Constantinople) was a Karaite Judaism, Karaite polyhistor. He was the brother of Samuel ha-Ramati, ''ḥakam'' of the Karaite Judaism, Karaite congregations in Constantinople and of Judah Bali, brother-in-law and disciple of Elijah Bashyatzi. According to a notice found in a Paris manuscript, he supported himself by giving private instruction; but this is questioned by Steinschneider. A pupil of Mordecai Comtino at Adrianople, Afendopolo attained great proficiency in science, and, while lacking depth and originality of thought, distinguished himself by prolific literary production, based on his large library, that included rare manuscripts, partly bought, partly copied by himself. He continued ''Adderet Eliyahu'' (''Elijah's Mantle''), a work on Karaite law left unfinished in his charge by his teacher, Bashyatzi, in 1490. The wife of Bashyatzi, who was Afendopolo's sister, ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erdős Prize
The Anna and Lajos Erdős Prize in Mathematics is a prize given by the Israel Mathematical Union to an Israeli mathematician (in any field of mathematics and computer science), "with preference to candidates up to the age of 40." The prize was established by Paul Erdős in 1977 in honor of his parents, and is awarded annually or biannually. The name was changed from "Erdős Prize" in 1996, after Erdős's death, to reflect his original wishes. Erdős Prize recipients See also * List of things named after Paul Erdős * List of mathematics awards This list of mathematics awards contains articles about notable awards for mathematics. The list is organized by the region and country of the organization that sponsors the award, but awards may be open to mathematicians from around the world. Som ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Erdos Prize Mathematics awards Awards established in 1977 Lists of Israeli award winners Israeli science and technology awards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semyon Alesker
Semyon Alesker (; born 1972) is an Israeli mathematician at Tel Aviv University. For his contributions in convex geometry and integral geometry, in particular his work on valuations, he won the EMS Prize in 2000, and the Erdős Prize The Anna and Lajos Erdős Prize in Mathematics is a prize given by the Israel Mathematical Union to an Israeli mathematician (in any field of mathematics and computer science), "with preference to candidates up to the age of 40." The prize was e ... in 2004. References External links *Website at Tel Aviv University 1972 births Living people Israeli mathematicians Academic staff of Tel Aviv University Erdős Prize recipients {{Israel-scientist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Félix Alcan
Felix Mardochée Alcan (March 18, 1841 – February 18, 1925) was a French Jewish publisher and scholar, born in Metz. He was the grandson of Gerson Lévy, author of ''Orgue et Pioutim'', and son of Moyse Alcan, a well-known publisher at Metz. Having finished his studies at the lyceum of his native city, he entered the École Normale Supérieure of Paris in 1862. When he left it in 1865 he became a lecturer in mathematics until 1869, when he undertook the management of his father's publishing business at Metz. In 1872 he went to Paris, where in the following year he entered the old publishing-house of Germer-Baillière, of which he became the head in 1883. In 1880 he originated a series of school books for use in secondary schools (''lycées''); this series embraced works on science, history, and philosophy. The publications of his firm include the most considerable works on philosophic subjects published in France. In 1895 he was created knight of the Legion of Honor The N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cole Prize
The Frank Nelson Cole Prize, or Cole Prize for short, is one of twenty-two prizes awarded to mathematicians by the American Mathematical Society, one for an outstanding contribution to algebra, and the other for an outstanding contribution to number theory.. The prize is named after Frank Nelson Cole, who served the Society for 25 years. The Cole Prize in algebra was funded by Cole himself, from funds given to him as a retirement gift; the prize fund was later augmented by his son, leading to the double award.. The prizes recognize a notable research work in algebra (given every three years) or number theory (given every three years) that has appeared in the last six years. The work must be published in a recognized, peer-reviewed venue. The first award for algebra was made in 1928 to L. E. Dickson, while the first award for number theory was made in 1931 to H. S. Vandiver. Frank Nelson Cole Prize in Algebra Frank Nelson Cole Prize in Number Theory For full citations, see exter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Adrian Albert
Abraham Adrian Albert (November 9, 1905 – June 6, 1972) was an American mathematician. In 1939, he received the American Mathematical Society's Cole Prize in Algebra for his work on Riemann matrices. He is best known for his work on the Albert–Brauer–Hasse–Noether theorem on finite-dimensional division algebras over number fields and as the developer of Albert algebras, which are also known as exceptional Jordan algebras. Professional overview A first generation American, he was born in Chicago and most associated with that city. He received his Bachelor of Science in 1926, Masters in 1927, and PhD in 1928, at the age of 22. All degrees were obtained from the University of Chicago. He married around the same time as his graduation. He spent his postdoctoral year at Princeton University and then from 1929 to 1931 he was an instructor at Columbia University. During this period he worked on Abelian varieties and their endomorphism algebras. He returned to P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Albalia
Isaac ben Baruch Albalia (, ''Yiṣḥaq ben Barukh Albalia''; 1035–1094) was an Andalusian Jewish mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, and Talmudist. Biography First educated by a Jew from Perigord, Albalia went on to the academy in Lucena, where he struck up a close friendship with Me'ir ibn Migash, father of Joseph ibn Migash, and then settled in Granada. When barely thirty years old Albalia began to write ''Kupat ha-Rokhlim'' ("The Peddler's Basket"), a commentary on the Talmud. He was a close friend of Samuel ha-Nagid, whose son Jehoseph ha-Nagid became Albalia's patron, to whom he dedicated his 1065 astronomical work ''Maḥberet Sod ha-Ibbur'' ("The Secret of Intercalation"), on the principles of the Jewish calendar. According to Moses ibn Ezra, Albalia was also a poet and rhetorician. After the murder of Jehoseph ha-Nagid in the 1066 Granada massacre, Albalia fled to Cordova, where he became acquainted with then-prince Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad. When he ascended the thr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naum Akhiezer
Naum Ilyich Akhiezer (; ; 6 March 1901 – 3 June 1980) was a Soviet and Ukrainian mathematician of Jewish origin, known for his works in approximation theory and the theory of differential and integral operators. He is also known as the author of classical books on various subjects in analysis, and for his work on the history of mathematics. He is the brother of the theoretical physicist Aleksandr Akhiezer. Biography Naum Akhiezer was born in Cherykaw (now in Belarus). His father was the medical doctor for the district in and around Cherykaw. Naum Akhiezer studied in the Kyiv Institute of Public Education (now Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv). In 1928, he defended his PhD thesis "Aerodynamical Investigations" under the supervision of Dmitry Grave. From 1928 to 1933, he worked at the Kyiv University and at the Kyiv Aviation Institute. In 1933, Naum Akhiezer moved to Kharkiv. From 1933 to his death, except for the years of war and evacuation, he was a professo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Aizenman
Michael Aizenman (; born 28 August 1945) is an American-Israeli mathematician and a physicist at Princeton University, working in the fields of mathematical physics, statistical mechanics, functional analysis and probability theory. The highlights of his work include: the quantum triviality, triviality of a class of scalar (physics), scalar quantum field theory, quantum field theories in extra dimensions, more than three dimensions; a description of the phase transition in the Ising model in three and more dimensions; the sharpness of the phase transition in percolation theory; a method for the study of spectral and dynamical localization for random Schrödinger operators; and insights concerning Riemann surface, conformal invariance in two-dimensional percolation. Biography Aizenman is a Jewish American - Israeli who was born in Russia. He was an undergraduate at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was awarded his PhD in 1975 at Yeshiva University (Belfer Graduate School of S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bendich Ahin
Bendich Ahin (died 1402), also known as Maestro Bendit and Baruch Chaim (, ''Barukh Ḥayyīm''), was a fourteenth-century Jewish physician, astrologer, and mathematician in Arles. In 1369, Ahin became court physician to Queen Joanna I of Naples. In recognition of his medical services, he was exempted from Jewish taxes and tallages. The privilege was extended to his descendants. According to Nostradamus Michel de Nostredame (December 1503 – July 1566), usually Latinisation of names, Latinised as Nostradamus, was a French Astrology, astrologer, apothecary, physician, and reputed Oracle, seer, who is best known for his book ''Les Prophéti ..., Ahin's astrological knowledge led him to predict the Queen's tragic death. Notes References * 14th-century births 1402 deaths Year of birth unknown 14th-century French mathematicians 14th-century French physicians 14th-century astrologers Court physicians Jewish scientists Medieval Jewish astrologers Medieval Jewi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ron Aharoni
Ron Aharoni (; born 1952) is an Israeli mathematician, working in finite and infinite combinatorics. Aharoni is a professor at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, where he received his Ph.D. in mathematics in 1979. With Nash-Williams and Shelah he generalized Hall's marriage theorem by obtaining the right transfinite conditions for infinite bipartite graphs. He subsequently proved the appropriate versions of the Kőnig theorem and the Menger theorem for infinite graph This is a glossary of graph theory. Graph theory is the study of graphs, systems of nodes or vertices connected in pairs by lines or edges. Symbols A B ...s (the latter with Eli Berger). Aharoni is the author of several nonspecialist books; the most successful is '' Arithmetic for Parents'', a book helping parents and elementary school teachers in teaching basic mathematics. He also wrote a book on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
