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Lingeer Selbeh Ndoffene Joof
Lingeer (also: ''Linger'' or Linguère) was the title given to the mother or sister of a king in the Serer people, Serer kingdoms of Kingdom of Sine, Sine, Kingdom of Saloum, Saloum, and previously the Kingdom of Baol; and the Wolof people, Wolof kingdoms of Cayor, Kingdom of Jolof, Jolof, Baol and Waalo in pre-colonial Senegal. The word "Lingeer" means "queen" or "princess" in Serer language, Serer and Wolof language. The Lingeer was considered the “great princess of royal courts.” These kingdoms utilized a wiktionary:bilineal, bilineal system, as a candidate for kingship could not succeed to the throne if he was not a member of the reigning materlineage, and thus, the Lingeer's maternal lineage was highly significant. In similarity, a candidate could not succeed to the throne as king if he was not a member of the noble reigning patriclans. That was particular so among the Serer who retained much of their old culture, customs and Serer religion, traditional religion where wome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mother
] A mother is the female parent of a child. A woman may be considered a mother by virtue of having given birth, by raising a child who may or may not be her biological offspring, or by supplying her ovum for fertilisation in the case of gestational surrogacy. An adoptive mother is a female who has become the child's parent through the legal process of adoption. A biological mother is the female genetic contributor to the creation of the infant, through sexual intercourse or egg donation. A biological mother may have legal obligations to a child not raised by her, such as an obligation of monetary support. A putative mother is a female whose biological relationship to a child is alleged but has not been established. A stepmother is a woman who is married to a child's father and they may form a family unit, but who generally does not have the legal rights and responsibilities of a parent in relation to the child. A father is the male counterpart of a mother. Women who ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edinburgh University Press
Edinburgh University Press is a scholarly publisher of academic books and journals, based in Edinburgh, Scotland. History Edinburgh University Press was founded in the 1940s and became a wholly owned subsidiary of the University of Edinburgh in 1992. Books and journals published by the press carry the imprimatur of The University of Edinburgh. All proposed publishing projects are appraised and approved by the Press Committee, which consists of academics from the university. Since August 2004, the Press has had Charitable Status. In November 2013, Edinburgh University Press acquired Dundee University Press for an undisclosed sum, with a stated aim to increase textbook and digital sales, with a particular focus on law. Brodies advised Edinburgh University Press on the terms of the acquisition. Publishing Edinburgh University Press publishes a range of research publications, which include scholarly monographs and reference works, as well as materials which are available on-lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lingeer Fatim Beye
Lingeer Fatim Beye Joos FadiouMany variations : ''Fatimata Beye'' (see BIFAN, 1979, pp 225, 233), ''Fatim/Fatimata Beye'' (see BIFAN, 1979, p 234), ''Fatime Bey'' (BIFAN, 1979, p 234), etc. The Serer surname ''Beye'' or ''Bèye'', following its French spelling in Senegal is also a Serer matriclan. Fatim (proper : ''Fa tim'') in Serer language means ''"the maternal clan of..."'' For more on Serer matrilineality, see: Jean-Marc Gastellu « 'Petit traité de matrilinarité. L'accumulation dans deux sociétés rurales d'Afrique de l'Ouest', Cahiers ORSTOM, série Sciences Humaines (1985) » , and Jean-Marc Gastellu, "Matrilineages, Economic Groups and Differentiation in West Africa" : ''A Note'' (O.R.S.TO.M) (commonly Lingeer Fatim Beye) was a 14th-century (Married to Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh king of Sine just after Battle of Troubang. See : BIFAN 1955, p 317; & Sarr, p 19) Serer princess and queen (Lingeer) from the Kingdom of Sine. She is the matriarch and early a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Griot
A griot (; ; Manding: jali or jeli (in N'Ko: , ''djeli'' or ''djéli'' in French spelling); Serer: kevel or kewel / okawul; Wolof: gewel) is a West African historian, storyteller, praise singer, poet, and/or musician. The griot is a repository of oral tradition and is often seen as a leader due to their position as an advisor to royal personages. As a result of the former of these two functions, they are sometimes called bards. They also act as mediators in disputes. Occurrence and naming Many griots today live in many parts of West Africa and are present among the Mande peoples ( Mandinka or Malinké, Bambara, Soninke etc.), Fulɓe ( Fula), Hausa, Songhai, Tukulóor, Wolof, Serer,Unesco. Regional Office for Education in Africa, ''Educafrica, Numéro 11'', (ed. Unesco, Regional Office for Education in Africa, 1984), p. 110Hale, Thomas Albert, ''Griots and Griottes: Masters of Words and Music'', Indiana University Press (1998), p. 176, Mossi, Dagomba, Maur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alioune Sarr
Alioune Sarr (September 1, 1908 – July 12, 2001 ) was a Senegalese historian, author and politician whose family gained prominence in the Serer precolonial Kingdom of Sine and Saloum around the 14th century. They also made up the ''"sulbalƃe"'' class of Futa Toro (all in present-day Senegal). Sarr was born at Foundiougne. His father (Koly Samba Sarr) was a former Chief of Foundiougne, Gandoune, former head of the constituency of Ndiaye-Ndiaye and former prime minister of Diognick in Senegal. Although Sarr was a prominent politician like his father during the colonial era, he is best known as a historian and author especially after his famous work ''Histoire du Sine-Saloum'' which was officially published in 1949 and peer reviewed by historians.Klein, 277 Politics In 1963, Sarr was President of the Regional Assembly of Sine-Saloum, (Kaolack, Senegal) (French: Président de l’Assemblée Régionale du Sine-Saloum), a position he occupied when the historian Martin A. Kl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maad Saloum
Maad Saloum (variations :Maad a Saloum, Mad Saloum, Maat Saloum, Bour Saloum, Bur Saloum, etc.) means king of Saloum, in the Serer language. The ancient Kingdom of Saloum now part of present-day Senegal was a pre-colonial Serer kingdom. Their kings bore the title ''Maad'' or ''Mad'' (also ''Maat'' though rarely used). The royal title was sometimes used interchangeably with that of their ancient kings and landed gentry - the lamanes. From 1493 to 1969 (the Guelowar period, the last maternal dynasty in Saloum), at least forty-nine kings were crowned Maad Saloum (king of Saloum). During this Guelowar period, Maad Saloum Mbegan Ndour (many variations: ''Mbégan Ndour'' or ''Mbegani Ndour'') was the first Serer king of the maternal clan Guelowar to have reigned in Saloum. He ruled from 1493.Ba, Abdou Bouri, « Essai sur l’histoire du Saloum et du Rip » (avant-propos par Charles Becker et Victor Martin), ''Bulletin de l'IFAN'', tome 38, série B, numéro 4, octobre 1976 Maad Salo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maad A Sinig
Maad a Sinig (variations : Mad a Sinig, 'Maad Sine, Maat Sine, Bour Sine, Bur Sine, etc.) means king of Sine. The ancient Kingdom of Sine, now part of Senegal, was a pre-colonial Serer kingdom . Their kings were titled ''Maad'' or ''Maad'' (also spelled ''Mad'' or ''Maat''). The royal title Maad is sometimes used interchangeably with their ancient kings and landowners - the Lamanes. Diouf, Marcel Mahawa, ''Lances mâles : Léopold Sédar Senghor et les traditions Sérères'', Centre d'études linguistiques et historiques par tradition orale, Niamey, 1996, p. 54 Between 1350 and 1969 (the Guelowar period - the last maternal dynasty in Serer country), more than fifty Serer kings have been crowned Maad a Sinig. Kings of Sine titled Maad a Sinig * Maad a Sinig Waagaan Tening Jom FayeFata Ndiaye, « La saga du peuple sérère et l'Histoire du Sine », in ''Éthiopiques (revue)'', numéro 54, vol. 7, 2e semestre 199/ref> * Maad a Sinig Wagane Kumba Sanjan Faye (var : Waagaan Kumbasaan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garmi (title)
The Gharmi, or Garmi people (russian: Гарми tg, Ғармӣ, tg, Ğarmî/Ƣarmī/غرمى), are one of the original groups of Tajiks, originate from the Rasht Valley in central Tajikistan. From the 1920s to 1955 there was a Gharm oblast in Tajikistan, and henceforth people from central Tajikistan were known as Gharmis. During the 1950s many Gharmis were forced to migrate from central Tajikistan to the Vakhsh River Valley in western Tajikistan. Gharmis were largely excluded from government positions, which were dominated by individuals from Khujand and Kulob. Gharmis who settled in Qurghonteppa Oblast are frequently described as a clan group that found social niches in education and the marketplace. After Tajikistan became independent in 1991, many Gharmis participated in protests against the government. When the Civil War of Tajikistan broke out in 1992 a large number of Gharmis joined the DPT- IRP opposition. The organization Human Rights Watch among others, reported th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matrilineality
Matrilineality is the tracing of kinship through the female line. It may also correlate with a social system in which each person is identified with their matriline – their mother's lineage – and which can involve the inheritance of property and/or titles. A matriline is a line of descent from a female ancestor to a descendant (of either sex) in which the individuals in all intervening generations are mothersin other words, a "mother line". In a matrilineal descent system, an individual is considered to belong to the same descent group as their mother. This ancient matrilineal descent pattern is in contrast to the currently more popular pattern of patrilineal descent from which a family name is usually derived. The ''matriline'' of historical nobility was also called their enatic or uterine ancestry, corresponding to the patrilineal or "agnatic" ancestry. Early human kinship In the late 19th century, almost all prehistorians and anthropologists believed, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrilineality
Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritance of property, rights, names, or titles by persons related through male kin. This is sometimes distinguished from cognate kinship, through the mother's lineage, also called the spindle side or the distaff side. A patriline ("father line") is a person's father, and additional ancestors, as traced only through males. Traditionally and historically people would identify the person's ethnicity with the father's heritage and ignore the maternal ancestry in the ethnic factor. In the Bible In the Bible, family and tribal membership appears to be transmitted through the father. For example, a person is considered to be a priest or Levite, if his father is a priest or Levite, and the members of all the Twelve Tribes are called Israelites because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess
Princess is a regal rank and the feminine equivalent of prince (from Latin '' princeps'', meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or for the daughter of a king or prince. Princess as a substantive title Some princesses are reigning monarchs of principalities. There have been fewer instances of reigning princesses than reigning princes, as most principalities excluded women from inheriting the throne. Examples of princesses regnant have included Constance of Antioch, princess regnant of Antioch in the 12th century. Since the President of France, an office for which women are eligible, is '' ex-officio'' a Co-Prince of Andorra, then Andorra could theoretically be jointly ruled by a princess. Princess as a courtesy title Descendants of monarchs For many centuries, the title "princess" was not regularly used for a monarch's daughter, who, in English, might simply be called "Lady". Old English had no female equivalent of "pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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