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Lim Wee Kiak
Lim Wee Kiak ( zh, s=林伟杰, p=Lín Wěijié; born 27 December 1968) is a Singaporean ophthalmologist and retired politician. A member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), he has been the Member of Parliament (MP) representing the Canberra division of Sembawang GRC from 2006 to 2025. Lim retired from politics in the 2025 general elections. Education Lim attended Sembawang School, The Chinese High School and Hwa Chong Junior College before graduating from Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine at the National University of Singapore in 1992 with a Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery degree. After completing his housemanship, Lim served as a medical officer in the Ministry of Health (MOH) between 1992 and 1994. Lim then served in the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) as a medical officer in 1994 before signing on as a regular. Lim subsequently went on to complete a Master of Medicine degree in ophthalmology at Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine at the National Univers ...
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Pingat Bakti Masyarakat
The ''Pingat Bakti Masyarakat'' (English: Public Service Medal) is a Singaporean orders and decorations, Singaporean national honour. It was instituted in 1973. The medal may be awarded to any person who has rendered commendable public service in Singapore or for their achievement in the field of arts and letters, sports, the sciences, business, the professions and the labour movement. Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters PBM. Description * The medal, in silver, is in the form of a stylised rosette (design), rosette of undulating folds having, on the obverse side, a disc with a bar to each side upon which a circular shield bearing a crescent and 5 stars is embossed. Below it is a scroll with the inscription "PINGAT BAKTI MASYARAKAT" and 2 laurels. * The reverse bears the Coat of arms of Singapore, State Arms. * The ribbon is grey with a white centre band and a red stripe on each side. See also *:Recipients of the Pingat Bakti Masyarakat References Externa ...
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2025 Singaporean General Election
General elections were held in Singapore on 3 May 2025 to elect all Member of parliament, members of the Parliament of Singapore across Constituencies of Singapore, 33 constituencies. It was the 19th general election in Singapore's history since 1948 Singaporean general election, 1948 and the first election under prime minister Lawrence Wong, who succeeded Lee Hsien Loong in May 2024 and as secretary-general of the People's Action Party (PAP) that December. News outlets had described this election as "a key test of public confidence" in Wong. The 14th Parliament of Singapore, 14th Parliament was dissolved on 15 April, with Nomination Day held on 23 April. A record 211 candidates contested the election, including 53 women, the highest number of female candidates in Singapore's history. PAP won Marine Parade–Braddell Heights GRC uncontested – the first walkover since 2011. However, the elections also saw five multi-cornered fights in Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituenc ...
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National Eye Institute
The National Eye Institute (NEI) is part of the National Institutes of Health, U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The mission of NEI is "to eliminate vision loss and improve quality of life through vision research." NEI consists of two major branches for research: an extramural branch that funds studies outside NIH and an intramural branch that funds research on the NIH campus in Bethesda, Maryland. Most of the NEI budget funds extramural research. NEI was established in 1968 as the nation's leading supporter of eye health and vision research projects. These projects include Basic research, basic science research into the fundamental biology of the eye and the visual system. Translational research, NEI also funds translational and clinical research aimed at developing and testing therapies for eye diseases and disorders. This research is focused on developi ...
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Inflammation
Inflammation (from ) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. The five cardinal signs are heat, pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function (Latin ''calor'', ''dolor'', ''rubor'', ''tumor'', and ''functio laesa''). Inflammation is a generic response, and therefore is considered a mechanism of innate immunity, whereas adaptive immunity is specific to each pathogen. Inflammation is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. The function of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, clear out damaged cells and tissues, and initiate tissue repair. Too little inflammation could lead to progressive tissue destruction by the harmful stimulus (e.g. bacteria) and compromise the survival of the organism. However inflammation can also have negative effects. Too much inflammation, in the form of chronic inflammation, is associated with variou ...
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Immunology
Immunology is a branch of biology and medicine that covers the study of Immune system, immune systems in all Organism, organisms. Immunology charts, measures, and contextualizes the Physiology, physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (such as Autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases, Hypersensitivity, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, and transplant rejection); and the physical, chemical, and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system ''in vitro'', ''In situ#Biology and biomedical engineering, in situ'', and ''in vivo''. Immunology has applications in numerous disciplines of medicine, particularly in the fields of organ transplantation, oncology, rheumatology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, psychiatry, and dermatology. The term was coined by Russian biologist Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov, who advanced studies on immunology and received the Nob ...
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Royal College Of Surgeons Of Edinburgh
The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd) is a professional organisation of surgeons. The RCSEd has five faculties, covering a broad spectrum of surgical, dental, and other medical and healthcare specialities. Its main campus is located on Nicolson Street, Edinburgh, centred around the 18th century Surgeons' Hall. The campus includes Surgeons' Hall Museums, a medical and surgical library, a skills laboratory, a symposium hall, administrative offices and a hotel. A second UK office was opened in Birmingham in 2014 and an international office opened in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 2018. It is one of the oldest surgical corporations in the world and traces its origins to 1505 when the Barber Surgeons of Edinburgh were formally incorporated by the then Edinburgh Town Council by the granting of a seal of cause or charter. RCSEd represents members and fellows across the UK and the world, spanning several disciplines, including surgery, dentistry, perioperative care, pre-ho ...
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Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology (, ) is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and surgery of eye diseases and disorders. An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Following a medical degree, a doctor specialising in ophthalmology must pursue additional postgraduate residency training specific to that field. In the United States, following graduation from medical school, one must complete a four-year residency in ophthalmology to become an ophthalmologist. Following residency, additional specialty training (or fellowship) may be sought in a particular aspect of eye pathology. Ophthalmologists prescribe medications to treat ailments, such as eye diseases, implement laser therapy, and perform surgery when needed. Ophthalmologists provide both primary and specialty eye care—medical and surgical. Most ophthalmologists participate in academic research on eye diseases at some point in their training and many inc ...
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Ministry Of Health (Singapore)
The Ministry of Health (MOH; ; zh, 卫生部; ) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for managing the public healthcare system in Singapore. Statutory boards * Health Promotion Board * Health Sciences Authority * Singapore Dental Council * Singapore Medical Council * Singapore Nursing Board * Singapore Pharmacy Council * Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners Board Ministers The Ministry is headed by the Minister for Health, who is appointed as part of the Cabinet of Singapore. Incidents SingHealth data breach (2018) Between June and July 2018, personal data of 1.5 million patients was exfiltrated as a result of a cyberattack on SingHealth, which is the largest group of healthcare institutions in Singapore and is wholly owned by MOH. HIV data leak (2019) On 28 January 2019, sensitive information including names, identification numbers, phone numbers, addresses and HIV test results of 12,400 HIV-positive people were leaked online due t ...
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Foundation Doctor
A foundation doctor is a grade of medical practitioner in the United Kingdom undertaking the Foundation Programme, a two-year, general postgraduate medical training programme which forms the bridge between medical school and specialist/general practice training. Doctors in the first year of the programme are known as Foundation Year 1 (FY1) doctors, and those in the second year are known as Foundation Year 2 (FY2) doctors. Being a foundation doctor is compulsory for all newly qualified medical practitioners in the UK starting from 2005 onwards. The grade of foundation doctor has replaced the traditional grades of pre-registration house officer and senior house officer. Foundation doctors have the opportunity to gain experience in a series of posts in a variety of specialties and healthcare settings. Learning objectives for each stage are specific and focused on demonstration of clinical competences. Emphasis was on the assessment and management of acutely ill patients, but ...
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Internship (medicine)
A medical (or surgical) intern is a physician in training who has completed medical school and has a medical degree, but does not yet have a license to practice medicine unsupervised. Medical education generally ends with a period of practical training similar to internship, but the way the overall program of academic and practical medical training is structured differs depending upon the country, as does the terminology used (see medical education and medical school for further details). Australia In Australia, medical graduates must complete one year in an accredited hospital post before they receive full registration. This year of conditional registration is called the intern year. An Medical education in Australia#Internship, internship is not necessarily completed in a hospital at the same state as the graduate's medical school. Austria In Austria, the sixth and final year of medical school is called "Klinisch-praktisches Jahr" or "KPJ" (literally translated: clinical practi ...
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Yong Loo Lin School Of Medicine
The NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (branded as NUS Medicine) is a medical school of the National University of Singapore. History The Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine was first established as the Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States Government Medical School in 1905 to train physicians from the British colonies of present-day Singapore and Malaysia. It was located within a former women's mental asylum at Sepoy Lines. The start of this medical school was significant in two ways. It was meant to train local men and women to bring Western medicine to the local population. It was handsomely supported by local merchants who took advantage of the tax exemptions of the time not to garner more wealth, but to give generously to public causes. Tan Jiak Kim gave the largest individual sum. Another donor, Tan Chay Hoon donated a building to the school in memory of his father, Tan Teck Guan. The Tan Teck Guan Building was built in 1911. In 1921, the school was renamed the King ...
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