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Life Forms
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to life forms: A life form (also spelled life-form or lifeform) is an entity that is living, such as plants (flora), animals (fauna), and fungi ( funga). It is estimated that more than 99% of all species that ever existed on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are extinct. Earth is the only celestial body known to harbor life forms. No form of extraterrestrial life has yet been discovered. Archaea * Archaea – a domain of single-celled microorganisms, morphologically similar to bacteria, but they possess genes and several metabolic pathways that are more closely related to those of eukaryotes, notably the enzymes involved in transcription and translation. Many archaea are extremophiles, which means living in harsh environments, such as hot springs and salt lakes, but they have since been found in a broad range of habitats. ** Thermoproteota – a phylum of the Archaea kingdom. Initially * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euryarchaeota
Methanobacteriota is a phylum in the domain Archaea. Taxonomy The phylum ''Methanobacteriota'' was introduced to prokaryotic nomenclature in 2023. It contains following classes: *Archaeoglobi Garrity & Holt (2002) *Halobacteria Grant ''et al.'' (2002) *Methanobacteria Boone (2002) (contains type genus ''Methanobacterium'') *Methanococci Boone (2002) *Methanonatronarchaeia Sorokin ''et al.'' (2018) *Methanopyri Garrity & Holt (2002) *Methanosarcinia Chuvochina ''et al.'' (2024) *Thermococci Zillig & Reysenbach (2002) *Thermoplasmata Reysenbach (2002) References Archaea phyla {{Archaea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermococcales
The Thermococcales are an order of microbes within the class Thermococci. The species within the Thermococcales are used in laboratories as model organisms. All these species are strict anaerobes and can ferment sugars as sources of carbon, but they also need elemental sulfur. See also * List of Archaea genera This article lists the genera of the Archaea. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). However, in the List provided bel ... References Further reading * * * * * Archaea taxonomic orders Euryarchaeota {{Euryarchaeota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermococci
Thermococci is a class of microbes within the Euryarchaeota Methanobacteriota is a phylum in the domain Archaea. Taxonomy The phylum ''Methanobacteriota'' was introduced to prokaryotic nomenclature in 2023. It contains following classes: *Archaeoglobi Garrity & Holt (2002) *Halobacteria Grant ''et al .... They live in extremely hot environments, such as hydrothermal vents, and they have optimal growth temperatures above 80 °C. '' Thermococcus'' and '' Pyrococcus'' (literally "balls of fire") are both obligately anaerobic chemoorganotrophs. ''Thermococcus'' prefers 70–95 °C and ''Pyrococcus'' 70-100 °C. '' Palaeococcus helgesonii'', recently discovered in the Tyrrhenian Sea, is an aerobic chemoheterotrophic that grows at temperatures of 45–85 °C with an optimal temperature of 80 °C. '' Thermococcus gammatolerans'' sp. nov. was recently discovered in the Guaymas Basin, and it grows at temperatures from 55 to 95 °C with an o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methanopyrales
''Methanopyrus'' is a genus of methanogen, with a single described species, ''Methanopyrus kandleri''. It is a rod-shaped hyperthermophile, discovered on the wall of a black smoker from the Gulf of California at a depth of 2,000 m, at temperatures of 84–110 °C. Strain 116 was discovered in black smoker fluid of the Kairei hydrothermal field; it can survive and reproduce at 122 °C. ''M. kandleri'' also requires a high ionic concentration (>1 M) in order for growth and cellular activity. Due to the species' high resilience and extreme environment, ''M. kandleri'' is also classified as an extremophile. It lives in a hydrogen–carbon dioxide rich environment, and like other methanogens reduces the latter to methane. It is placed among the Euryarchaeota, in its own class. Microbiological characteristics Morphology ''Methanopyrus kandleri'' is a rod-shaped methanogen with an approximate length of 2–14 μm and diameter of 0.5 μm. The cellular membr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methanopyri
Methanopyri is a class of archaea Archaea ( ) is a Domain (biology), domain of organisms. Traditionally, Archaea only included its Prokaryote, prokaryotic members, but this has since been found to be paraphyletic, as eukaryotes are known to have evolved from archaea. Even thou ...ns in the phylum Methanobacteriota. See also * List of Archaea genera References Further reading * Archaea classes Euryarchaeota {{Euryarchaeota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methanosarcinales
Methanosarcinales is an order of Archaea in the class '' Methanomicrobia'', phylum '' Methanobacteriota''. The order ''Methanosarcinales'' contains both methanogenic and methanotrophic lineages, although the latter have so far no pure culture representatives. Methanotrophic lineages of the order ''Methanosarcinales'' were initially abbreviated as ANME (anaerobic methanotrophs) to distinguich from aerobic methanotrophic bacteria. Currently, those lineages receive their own names such as Ca. Methanoperedens, Ca. Methanocomedens (ANME-2a), Ca.Methanomarinus (ANME-2b), Ca. Methanogaster (ANME-2c), Ca. Methanovorans (ANME-3). The order contains archaeon with one of the largest genome, '' Methanosarcina acetivorans'' C2A, genome size 5,75 Mbp. The organisms placed within the order can be found in freshwater, saltwater, salt-rich sediments, anaerobic digestors, and animal digestive systems. The order consist of mesophiles or moderately thermophillic, neutrophilic or alkaliphilic speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methanomicrobia
Methanomicrobia is a class of archaeans in the phylum Methanobacteriota. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). See also * List of Archaea genera This article lists the genera of the Archaea. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). However, in the List provided bel ... References Further reading Scientific journals * * Scientific books * * External links Archaea classes Euryarchaeota {{Euryarchaeota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methanocaldococcus Jannaschii
''Methanocaldococcus jannaschii'' (formerly ''Methanococcus jannaschii'') is a thermophile, thermophilic methanogenic archaean in the class Methanococci. It was the first archaeon, and third organism, to have its complete genome genome sequencing, sequenced. The sequencing identified many genes unique to the archaea. Many of the synthesis pathways for methanogenic Cofactor (biochemistry), cofactors were worked out biochemically in this organism, as were several other archaeal-specific metabolic pathways. History ''Methanocaldococcus jannaschii'' was isolated from a submarine hydrothermal vent at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The hydrothermal vent was located in the East Pacific Rise, at a depth of 2600 m, near the western coast of Mexico. Surface material was collected at a "white smoker" chimney which revealed evidence of Methanocaldococcus jannaschii living in this extreme habitat of temperatures from 48 - 94 °C. Like many kinds of extremophiles, ''M. jannaschii ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methanococcales
Methanococcales is an order of archaeans in the class Methanococci. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). See also * List of Archaea genera This article lists the genera of the Archaea. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). However, in the List provided bel ... References Further reading Scientific journals * * * * Scientific books * Archaea taxonomic orders Euryarchaeota {{Euryarchaeota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methanococci
Methanococci is a class of methanogenic archaea in the phylum Euryarchaeota.See the NCBIbr>webpage on Methanococci Data extracted from the They can be mesophilic, thermophilic A thermophile is a type of extremophile that thrives at relatively high temperatures, between . Many thermophiles are archaea, though some of them are bacteria and fungi. Thermophilic eubacteria are suggested to have been among the earliest bact ... or hyperthermophilic. See also * List of Archaea genera References Further reading Scientific journals * * * Scientific books * * Archaea classes Euryarchaeota {{Euryarchaeota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methanobacteriales
Methanobacteriales is an order of archaeans in the class Methanobacteria. Species within this order differ from other methanogens in that they can use fewer catabolic substrates and have distinct morphological characteristics, lipid compositions, and RNA sequences. Their cell walls are composed of pseudomurein. Most species are Gram-positive with rod-shaped bodies and some can form long filaments. Most of them use formate to reduce carbon dioxide, but those of the genus '' Methanosphaera'' use hydrogen to reduce methanol to methane. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). See also * List of Archaea genera This article lists the genera of the Archaea. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). However, in the List ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
