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Li Shunxian
Li Shunxian ( zh, c=李舜弦; , , Sichuan – 926, Sichuan) was a Former Shu poet of Persian origin celebrated for her beauty and poetic talent. She was a concubine of Wang Yan, the second and last emperor of Former Shu. She was famous for being a Persian descent with a remarkable talent for writing poetry in Chinese. Life It is unknown whether she spoke Persian. It is also unknown whether her parents were immigrants to the Tang dynasty or were born there. Her family had adopted the Chinese surname Li. In 880, they fled the Huang Chao rebellion into Sichuan, then the western frontier of imperial China. This migration was also along with many other Chinese including Emperor Xizong. After the collapse of the Tang dynasty in 907, they rose to prominence in the court of the Former Shu Kingdom which ruled over the Sichuan region. She had an older brother Li Xun, who was also a poet and pharmacist at the court and wrote a Chinese book on drugs. They were born in (modern-day Santa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhaoyi
The ranks of imperial consorts have varied over the course of Chinese history but remained important throughout owing to its prominence in the management of the inner court and in imperial succession, which ranked heirs according to the prominence of their mothers in addition to their birth order. Regardless of the age, however, it is common in English translation to simplify this hierarchy into the three ranks of empress, consorts, and concubines. It is also common to use the term "harem", an Arabic loan word used in recent times to refer to imperial women's forbidden quarters in many countries. In later Chinese dynasties, these quarters were known as the inner palace (內宮; ''nèigōng'') or the rear palace (後宮; ''hòugōng''). In Chinese, the system is called the "rear palace system" (後宮制度; ''hòugōng zhìdù''). No matter the dynasty, the empress (皇后; ''huánghòu'') held the highest rank and was the legal wife of the emperor, as well as the chief of the im ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Consort
A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king, and usually shares her spouse's social Imperial, royal and noble ranks, rank and status. She holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles and may be crowned and anointed, but historically she does not formally share the king's political and military powers, unless on occasion acting as regent. In contrast, a queen regnant is a female monarch who rules ''suo jure'' (Latin for, "in her own right") and usually becomes queen by inheriting the throne upon the death of the previous monarch. A queen dowager is a widowed queen consort, and a queen mother is a queen dowager who is the mother of the current monarch. Titles When a title other than king is held by the sovereign, his wife can be referred to by the feminine equivalent, such as princess consort or empress consort. In monarchies where polygamy has been practised in the past (such as Morocco and Thailand), or is practised today (such as the Zulu people, Zulu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poets From Sichuan
A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral or written), or they may also perform their art to an audience. The work of a poet is essentially one of communication, expressing ideas either in a literal sense (such as communicating about a specific event or place) or metaphorically. Poets have existed since prehistory, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary greatly in different cultures and periods. Throughout each civilization and language, poets have used various styles that have changed over time, resulting in countless poets as diverse as the literature that (since the advent of writing systems) they have produced. History Ancient poets The civilization of Sumer figures prominently in the history of early poetry, and The Epic of Gilgamesh, a widely read epic poe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th-century Iranian Writers
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the first and smallest positive integer of the infinite sequence of natural numbers. This fundamental property has led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sports, where it commonly denotes the first, leading, or top thing in a group. 1 is the unit of counting or measurement, a determiner for singular nouns, and a gender-neutral pronoun. Historically, the representation of 1 evolved from ancient Sumerian and Babylonian symbols to the modern Arabic numeral. In mathematics, 1 is the multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number. In digital technology, 1 represents the "on" state in binary code, the foundation of computing. Philosophically, 1 symbolizes the ultimate reality or source of existence in various traditions. In mathematics The number 1 is the first natural number after 0. Each natural number, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th-century Chinese Poets
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the first and smallest positive integer of the infinite sequence of natural numbers. This fundamental property has led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sports, where it commonly denotes the first, leading, or top thing in a group. 1 is the unit of counting or measurement, a determiner for singular nouns, and a gender-neutral pronoun. Historically, the representation of 1 evolved from ancient Sumerian and Babylonian symbols to the modern Arabic numeral. In mathematics, 1 is the multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number. In digital technology, 1 represents the "on" state in binary code, the foundation of computing. Philosophically, 1 symbolizes the ultimate reality or source of existence in various traditions. In mathematics The number 1 is the first natural number after 0. Each natural nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lin Nu
Lin Nu (林駑, Xiao'erjing: ) was a Chinese merchant and scholar in the early Ming dynasty. He is the ancestor of the late Ming philosopher Li Zhi. His family was Han Chinese in origin and the branch that remained true to Han culture cut off the Lin Nu's branch for marrying a foreigner and converting to another religion. His father was Lin Lü (林閭). Around 1376 the 30-year-old Lin Nu visited Ormuz in Persia, converted to Islam, and married a Semu girl (“娶色目女”) (most likely Persian or Arab) and brought her back to Quanzhou in Fujian. This was recorded in the Lin and Li genealogy (《林李宗谱》). It is believed that the marriage of the Hormuzian Persian girl to Lin Nu which accompanied his conversion to Islam is what caused the other branch of the family to change their surname which is why the same family uses two surnames, Lin and Li, since they were very much against conversion to foreign religions and marriage to other ethnicities in the atmosphere after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liu Chang (Southern Han)
Liu Chang (; 942–980), originally Liu Jixing (劉繼興), was the fourth, last and youngest Emperor of China, emperor of China's Southern Han, Southern Han dynasty during the warring Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning from 958 until the Southern Han was annexed by the Song dynasty#Northern Song, 960–1127, Northern Song dynasty in 971. Life He succeeded his father Liu Sheng (Southern Han), Liu Sheng because he was the eldest son. He only left eunuchs in power in his court and mandated castration for anyone who wanted to work for his court because he believed people with children could not be completely loyal. When Liu Chang became Emperor he was only a "mere youth". Reign Liu became Emperor when he was sixteen years old. Historical records report that Liu Chang spent so much time with his harem that he abandoned government affairs. His most favorite concubine was one young Persian girl he called Mèi Zhū (媚豬). The "History of Five dynasties and Ten Kingd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranians In China
Iranian people, such as Persians and Sogdians, have lived in China throughout various periods in history. History The Parthian Iranian An Shigao introduced Hinayana Buddhism to China, while the Kushan Lokaksema introduced Mahayana Buddhism. Chorasmians Shams al-Din was an Iranian of Khwarezmian origin from Bukhara, and was appointed by the Mongols to serve as the first provincial governor of Yunnan, in southwestern China. He was allegedly descended from 'Alī bin Abī Tālib and the Prophet, Sayyid Ajall's father was Kamāl al-Dīn and his grandfather was Shams al-Dīn 'Umar al-Bukhārī. He served the court of the Yuan dynasty at Yanjing (modern day Beijing). Later, he was in charge of Imperial finances in 1259, sent to Yunnan by Kublai Khan after conquering the Kingdom of Dali in 1274. After his death, Sayyid was given the posthumous name Zhongyi (忠懿). Later, the imperial court conferred the title "Prince of Xianyang" (咸陽王) and the posthumous name Zhonghui (� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lo Hsiang-lin
Lo Hsiang-lin (19 October 1906 – 20 April 1978) was one of the most renowned researchers in Hakka Chinese, Hakka language and Hakka people, culture. His pioneering research in Hakka genealogy showed that the Hakka are Han Chinese. Background Lo Hsiang-lin was born in Xingning, Guangdong, Xingning, Guangdong in 1906 and died in 1978. He attended Xingmin middle school, Tsinghua University, and Yenching University. From 1956 to 1968 he was a professor in Hong Kong University's Chinese department. In 1969, he became the first director of the Research Institute of Chinese Literature and History, Chu Hai College of Higher Education, Chu Hai College. Hong Kong In 1963, Lo Hsiang-lin was widely recognized for his depictions of Hong Kong as a center for cultural interchange between Eastern and Western civilizations, saying, "Friendship between nations, like friendship between persons, grows only where there is mutual respect and give and take." References Publications * ''Hong K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weshparkar
Weshparkar, or Veshparkar, was the Sogdian god of the Atmosphere and the Wind. He corresponds to the Avestan god Vayu. In Central Asia, Weshparkar has also been associated to the Indian god Shiva. Overview By the 6th–8th centuries, numerous scenes of worship of gods were included in temples, palaces and houses of Penjikent, Samarkand, Varakhsha near Bukhara, and Shakhristan (the residence of the ruler of Ustrushana, an area inhabited by Sogdians northeast of Samarkand Sogd). It is not always easy to distinguish between the images of such Sogdian gods, strongly Indianized under the influence of Shiva's iconography, such as, for example, the God of the wind Veshparkar, similar to Mahadeva, from the images of Shiva himself, whose cult penetrated into Bactria and Sogd. If the dancing god in the "pose of an archer", with all his Indian features, is included in a typical Sogdian cult scene with worshipers in local clothes with local ritual objects - a portable fire altar and a bunc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Zhuangzong Of Later Tang
Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang (), personal name Li Cunxu (), nickname Yazi (), stage name Li Tianxia (), was the second ruling prince of the Jin (Later Tang precursor), Former Jin dynasty (r. 908–923) who later became the founding Emperor of China, emperor of the Later Tang, Later Tang dynasty (r. 923–926) during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of History of China, Chinese history.Cihai: Page 1266. He was the son of Li Keyong, an ethnic Shatuo Jiedushi of the Tang dynasty. Li Cunxu was considered one of the most militarily capable rulers of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. When he succeeded his father Li Keyong as the Prince of Jin, the Former Jin had been weakened in the late years of Li Keyong's rule and not considered capable of posing a military threat to its archrival to the south, Later Liang (Five Dynasties), Later Liang, whose founding emperor Zhu Quanzhong had seized the Tang throne. Li Cunxu carefully rebuilt the Former Jin state, using a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medieval China
The history of China spans several millennia across a wide geographical area. Each region now considered part of the Chinese world has experienced periods of unity, fracture, prosperity, and strife. Chinese civilization first emerged in the Yellow River valley, which along with the Yangtze basin constitutes the geographic core of the Chinese cultural sphere. China maintains a rich diversity of ethnic and linguistic people groups. The traditional lens for viewing Chinese history is the dynastic cycle: imperial dynasties rise and fall, and are ascribed certain achievements. This lens also tends to assume Chinese civilization can be traced as an unbroken thread many thousands of years into the past, making it one of the cradles of civilization. At various times, states representative of a dominant Chinese culture have directly controlled areas stretching as far west as the Tian Shan, the Tarim Basin, and the Himalayas, as far north as the Sayan Mountains, and as far south as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
