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Li Hongyi
Li Renda () (died 947), also known by the names of Li Hongyi () (945–946), Li Hongda () (946), Li Da () (946–947), and Li Ruyun () (947), was a warlord of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. He was initially an officer for the state of Min. In Min's last years, he rebelled against its last emperor Wang Yanzheng and seized control of the Fu Prefecture (福州, in modern Fuzhou, Fujian) region, initially in nominal allegiance to both Southern Tang and Later Jin. When Southern Tang's emperor Li Jing tried to force to yield actual control to the Southern Tang imperial government, however, he turned his allegiance to Wuyue and fought off the Southern Tang attack with Wuyue aid. When his relationship with the Wuyue general Bao Xiurang () eventually broke down, he considered killing Bao and resubmitting to Southern Tang, but Bao discovered this and killed him first, allowing Wuyue to take actual control over the region. Background and rebellion against Min It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chancellor Of Tang Dynasty
The chancellor () was a semi-formally designated office position for a number of high-level officials at one time during the Tang dynasty of China. This list also includes chancellors of the short-lived Wu Zhou dynasty, which is typically treated as an interregnum of the Tang dynasty by historians. Origins Ouyang Xiu, the author of the ''New Book of Tang'', asserts that the Tang dynasty inherited its bureaucracy from its dynastic predecessor, the Sui dynasty, under which the founder Emperor Wen of Sui divided his government into five main bureaus: * ''Shàng shū shěng'' () – The Department of State Affairs * ''Mén xià shěng'' () – The Chancellery * ''Nèi shǐ shěng'' () – The Legislative Bureau (note different tone than the eunuch bureau below) * ''Mì shū shěng'' () – The Palace Library * ''Nèi shì shěng'' () – The Eunuch bureau (note different tone than the legislative bureau above), later changed by Emperor Wen's son Emperor Yang of Sui to ''Dià ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taishang Huang
In Chinese history, a Taishang Huang or Taishang Huangdi is an honorific and institution of a retired emperor. The former emperor had, at least in name, abdicated in favor of someone else. Although no longer the reigning sovereign, there are instances where the retired emperor became a power behind the throne, often exerting more power than the reigning emperor. History Origin The title ''Taishang Huangdi'' was first used when Qin Shi Huangdi bestowed it upon his deceased father, King Zhuangxiang. Development Emperor Gaozu of Han bestowed the title ''Taishang Huangdi'' on his then-living father Liu Taigong. He bestowed it onto his father to express filial piety. Furthermore, it was intended to preserve the social hierarchy between father and son, as the former was a commoner and the latter was a dynastic founder. In 301, during the War of the Eight Princes, Sima Lun became the emperor by forcing his puppet Emperor Hui of Jin to become the ''Taishang Huang''. The title h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quanzhou
Quanzhou is a prefecture-level city, prefecture-level port city on the north bank of the Jin River, beside the Taiwan Strait in southern Fujian, China, People's Republic of China. It is Fujian's largest most populous metropolitan region, with an area of and a population of 8,782,285 as of the 2020 Chinese census, 2020 census. Its City proper, built-up area is home to 6,669,711 inhabitants, encompassing the Licheng District, Quanzhou, Licheng, Fengze District, Fengze, and Luojiang District, Quanzhou, Luojiang district (PRC), urban districts; Jinjiang, Fujian, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Fujian, Nan'an, and Shishi, Fujian, Shishi County-level city, cities; Hui'an county (PRC), County; and the Quanzhou District for Taiwanese Investment. Quanzhou was China's 12th-largest extended metropolitan area in 2010. Quanzhou was China's major port for foreign traders, who knew it as Zaiton, during the 11th through 14th centuries. It was visited by both Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta; both travelers pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhangzhou
Zhangzhou (, ) is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, China. The prefecture around the city proper comprises the southeast corner of the province, facing the Taiwan Strait and (with Quanzhou) surrounding the prefecture of Xiamen. Name Zhangzhou is the atonal pinyin romanization of the city's Chinese name , using its pronunciation in Standard Mandarin. The name derives from the city's former status as the seat of the imperial Chinese Zhang Prefecture. The same name was romanized as Changchow on the Chinese Postal Map and in Wade-Giles. Other romanizations include Chang-chow. It also appears as Chang-chu,. Changchew, Chiang-chew, Chiang-Chew, Chiang Chew, Chiochiu, Chanchiu, Changchiu from the city's local Zhangzhou dialect pronunciation of Hokkien zh, poj=Chiang-chiu / Chioⁿ-chiu, c=漳州. This name appeared in Spanish and Portuguese Jesuit sources as ' as well from the Quanzhou dialect pronunciation of Hokkien zh, poj=Cheng-chiu, c=漳州, which was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Era Name
A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin meaning kingdom, rule. Regnal years considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year of rule, a third year of rule, and so on, but not a zeroth year of rule. Applying this ancient epoch system to modern calculations of time, which include zero, is what led to the debate over when the third millennium began. Regnal years are "finite era names", contrary to "infinite era names" such as Christian era, Jimmu era, ''Juche'' era, and so on. Early use In ancient times, calendars were counted in terms of the number of years of the reign of the current monarch. Reckoning long periods of time required a king list. The oldest such reckoning is preserved in the Sumerian king list. Ancient Egyptian chronology was also dated using regnal years. The Zoroastrian calendar also operated with regnal years following the reform of Ardashir I in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Of China
Throughout Chinese history, "Emperor" () was the superlative title held by the monarchs of imperial China's various dynasties. In traditional Chinese political theory, the emperor was the " Son of Heaven", an autocrat with the divine mandate to rule all under Heaven. Emperors were worshiped posthumously under an imperial cult. The lineage of emperors descended from a paternal family line constituted a dynasty, and succession in most cases theoretically followed agnatic primogeniture. The emperor of China was an absolute monarch. During the Han dynasty, Confucianism gained sanction as the official political theory. The absolute authority of the emperor came with a variety of governing duties and moral obligations; failure to uphold these was thought to remove the dynasty's Mandate of Heaven and to justify its overthrow. In practice, emperors sometimes avoided the strict rules of succession and dynasties' purported "failures" were detailed in official histories written by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhuo Yanming
Zhuo Yanming () (died July 4, 945), né Zhuo Yansi (), dharma name Timing (), was a Buddhist monk in the late years of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period Min state. After the Min army officer Li Renda rebelled against Min's last emperor Wang Yanzheng and took over control of Fu Prefecture (福州, in modern Fuzhou, Fujian), he proclaimed Zhuo Yanming, who was respected by the people, emperor, but shortly after assassinated Zhuo and directly took control. Background It is not known when Zhuo Yanming, who was born with the name of Zhuo Yansi, was born, but it is known that he was from Putian (莆田, in modern Putian, Fujian). At some point, he took tonsure and became a Buddhist monk with the dharma name of Timing — at either Shenguang Temple () (per the ''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms'')''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms''vol. 98 or Xuefeng Temple () (per the ''Zizhi Tongjian''), near the Min traditional capital Fu Prefecture. While ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wang Jichang
Wang Jichang () (died 945) was a general and chancellor of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Min. He was a nephew of its last emperor Wang Yanzheng, and briefly served as chancellor and general during Wang Yanzheng's reign. Background It is not known when or where Wang Jichang was born. It is known, however, that he was a nephew of Wang Yanzheng — and, therefore, likely a grandson of Min's founding prince Wang Shenzhi (Prince Zhongyi) (although conceivably the grandson of one of Wang Shenzhi's brothers, Wang Chao or Wang Shengui (). His parents' identity were not otherwise given in traditional histories.''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms''vol. 94 During Wang Yanzheng's Reign In 943, Wang Yanzheng, then in civil war against his brother, then-reigning Min emperor Wang Xi (Emperor Jingzong), declared himself the emperor of a new branch state Yin at his stronghold of Jian Prefecture (建州, in modern Nanping, Fujian).''Zizhi Tongjian'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhu Wenjin
Zhu Wenjin () (died February 14, 945) was a general who later usurped the throne of Min, reigning from 944 to 945, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China. In 944, he assassinated Wang Yanxi (Emperor Jingzong) and tried to take over control of the Min state, but his officer Lin Renhan () assassinated him less than a year later and submitted to Wang Yanxi's brother Wang Yanzheng (Tiande Emperor), who had been warring with Wang Yanxi. Background and service under Wang Yanjun Little was recorded in history about Zhu Wenjin's background, but it is known that he was from Yongtai (永泰, in modern Fuzhou, Fujian). During the reign of Wang Yanjun (also known as Wang Lin, Emperor Huizong), when he organized his father Wang Shenzhi's closest guards into two elite corps, the Gongchen () and the Anhe (), he made Zhu the commander of the Gongchen and Lian Chongyu the commander of the Anhe.''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 282. Service under Wang Jipeng Wang Yanjun was kil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
