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Leontios Makhairas
Leontios Machairas or Makhairas (Greek language, Greek: Λεόντιος Μαχαιράς, French language, French: Léonce Machéras; about 1380 - after 1432) was a historian in medieval Cyprus. The main source of information on him is his chronicle, written in the medieval Cypriot Greek, Cypriot dialect, titled ''Ἐξήγησις τῆς γλυκείας χώρας Κύπρου'' ''ἡ ποία λέγεται Κρόνακα, τοὐτέστιν Χρονικόν'' (Chronicle of the sweet land of Cyprus). The chronicle documents events from the visit of Helena of Constantinople, Saint Helena to Cyprus until the times of the Kingdom of Cyprus. Machairas was Eastern Orthodoxy, Orthodox Christian but wrote with respect for the pope and the Catholic ruling class of Cyprus for whom he was working. At the same time he showed his hatred towards the Republic of Venice, Venetians and the Republic of Genoa, Genoese. He is the only source on the "Re Alexis" rebellion of Cypriot serfs, which he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Language
Greek (, ; , ) is an Indo-European languages, Indo-European language, constituting an independent Hellenic languages, Hellenic branch within the Indo-European language family. It is native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, Caucasus, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean. It has the list of languages by first written accounts, longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning at least 3,400 years of written records. Its writing system is the Greek alphabet, which has been used for approximately 2,800 years; previously, Greek was recorded in writing systems such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary. The Greek language holds a very important place in the history of the Western world. Beginning with the epics of Homer, ancient Greek literature includes many works of lasting importance in the European canon. Greek is also the language in which many of the foundational texts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ravenna
Ravenna ( ; , also ; ) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. It was the capital city of the Western Roman Empire during the 5th century until its Fall of Rome, collapse in 476, after which it served as the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom and then the Byzantine Exarchate of Ravenna. It has 156,444 inhabitants as of 2025.Initially settled by the Umbri people, Ravenna came under Roman Republic control in 89 BC. Augustus, Octavian built the military harbor of Classe, ancient port of Ravenna, Classis at Ravenna, and the city remained an important seaport on the Adriatic Sea, Adriatic until the early Middle Ages. The city prospered under imperial rule. In 401, Western Roman emperor Honorius (emperor), Honorius moved his court from Mediolanum to Ravenna; it then served as capital of the empire for most of the 5th century. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Ravenna became the capital of Odoacer until he was defeated by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th-century Greek People
The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian calendar dates from 1 January 1401 (represented by the Roman numerals MCDI) to 31 December 1500 (MD). In Europe, the 15th century includes parts of the Late Middle Ages, the Early Renaissance, and the early modern period. Many technological, social and cultural developments of the 15th century can in retrospect be seen as heralding the "European miracle" of the following centuries. The architectural perspective, and the modern fields which are known today as banking and accounting were founded in Italy. The Hundred Years' War ended with a decisive French victory over the English in the Battle of Castillon. Financial troubles in England following the conflict resulted in the Wars of the Roses, a series of dynastic wars for the throne of England. The conflicts ended with the defeat of Richard III by Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth Field, establishing the Tudor dynasty in the later part of the century. Constantinop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florio Bustron
Florio Bustron (Greek: Φλώριος Βουστρώνιος) (1500s - post-1568, perhaps 9 September 1570), was a 16th century administrator, jurist and historian. Florio became a prominent administrative figure when Cyprus was under Venetian rule. He came from the well known Cypriot Bustron family, possibly of Syrian origin, with Greek and Latinised members. According to John Sozomenos who described the siege of Nicosia by the Ottomans in 1570, he died during the Turkish invasion. His work ''Historia overo commentarii de Cipro'' was written in Italian prose. A part of his chronicle concerns the final years of the Kingdom of Cyprus with the internal crisis between Queen Charlotte and James the Bastard. He was related to another Cypriot chronicler, Georgios Boustronios, Florio based part of his narrative to the earlier chronicle by Georgios, their chronicles both end in 1489. Florio Bustron also makes one of the earliest references to Halloumi (in Italian, ‘calumi’) made f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefano Lusignan
Stefano Lusignan (1537–1590), also known as Étienne de Lusignan and Estienne de Lusignan, was a priest, scholar, and titular bishop of Venetian Cyprus who migrated to Italy and France. Life Lusignan was born in Nicosia, in Venetian Cyprus, a descendant of the royal House of Lusignan. His father was Jason and his uncle Phoebus, both served in the position of ''capitano'' of Limassol. When he was young, Lusignan joined the Dominican Order and studied under an Armenian bishop named Ioulianos. By 1562 he was a priest and worked under two Latin bishops of Limassol, Andrea Mocenigo and Serafim Fortibraccia. By 1570, he was living in a monastery in Naples, in the Kingdom of Naples, where he began writing his best-known work, ''Chorograffia''. In 1571, Cyprus fell to the Ottoman Empire, and after that, Lusignan spent much of his time collecting ransom money to buy the freedom of relations who had been captured. In 1572, he moved to a monastery at Bologna, a university city in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgios Boustronios
Georgios Boustronios (Greek: Τζώρτζης Μπουστρούς, hellenised as Γεώργιος Βουστρώνιος; c. 1435/40 - after 1501) was a 15th century Cypriot royal official and chronicler possibly of Syrian origin. His chronicle Διήγησις Kρόνικας Kύπρου (''Diegesis Kronikas Kyprou,'' Narrative of the Chronicle of Cyprus) was written in prose in Cypriot Greek. He was a close friend and serviceman of James II, the King of Cyprus. His chronicle documents events contemporary to his life, especially the transition from the Lusignan to the Venetian rule in Cyprus. His narrative starts where the chronicle of Leontios Machairas ends, at 1456, and concludes at 1489, the year when Catherine Cornaro, the last queen of Cyprus, ceded the island to the Republic of Venice. He documented the civil war between Charlotte and her half brother James II, between 1440 and 1444, and the interventions by Hospitallers and Mamluks in the politics of the island. He w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neophytos The Recluse
Neophytos of Cyprus, Saint Neophytos, Neophytos the Recluse (Greek: Άγιος Νεόφυτος ο Έγκλειστος; 1134–1214) was a Cypriot Orthodox monk, priest, and sometime hermit, whose writings preserved a history of the early crusades. "He is considered to be one of the most significant figures of the Church of Cyprus" Life Neophytos was born in the mountain village of Kato Drys near Pano Lefkara, Cyprus, to farming parents Athanasios and Eudoxia, one of eight children. His religious interests came to the fore when the arranged marriage planned by his parents ended with his fleeing to the Monastery of Saint John Chrysostomos in Koutsovendis.Galatariotou, Catia (2002) ''The Making of a Saint: The Life, Times and Sanctification of Neophytos the Recluse'' Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Englandpage 13 After much ado, the marriage contracts were broken and Neophytos went back to the monastery as a novice, becoming a tonsured monk in 1152.Galatariotou (2002) pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard MacGillivray Dawkins
Richard MacGillivray Dawkins FBA (24 October 1871 – 4 May 1955) was a British archaeologist. He was associated with the British School at Athens (BSA), of which he was Director between 1906 and 1913. Early life Richard MacGillivray Dawkins was the son of the Royal Navy officer Rear-Admiral Richard Dawkins of Stoke Gabriel and his wife Mary Louisa McGillivray, only surviving daughter of Simon McGillivray. He was educated at Marlborough College and at King's College, London where he trained as an electrical engineer. Academic career He took part in the BSA's excavations at Palaikastro, and the survey of Lakonia (see Artemis Orthia and Menelaion, Sparta); also at Rhitsona. He undertook linguistic fieldwork in Cappadocia from 1909 to 1911, which resulted in a basic work on Cappadocian Greek. Then, he led a dig at Phylakopi from 1911. Dawkins was a fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. He was director of the British School at Athens from 1906 to 1913. During the First Wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biblioteca Classense
The Biblioteca Classense is the public library of Ravenna, Italy. In 1803, with the Napoleonic suppression of monasteries and religious institutions, a library was created to harbor the confiscated books. They were housed in the library of the Camaldolese Monastery, which had been founded in the 17th century by the Abbott Pietro Canneti with books moved here from the abbey adjacent to Sant'Apollinare in Classe. The collection was expanded with donation from the architect Camillo Morigia (1743-1795) and the art critic Corrado Ricci (1858-1934). It now includes manuscript codices, incunabula, prints, musical works, and numerous artworks and books. The library has a large collection of editions of the works related to Dante Alighieri. See also * Codex Ravennas 429 Codex Ravennas 429 of Ravenna’s Classense Library, dated to the mid- tenth century, is the oldest manuscript to preserve all eleven extant comedies of Aristophanes. About a quarter of the Lysistrata and the entir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard M
Richard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from Frankish language, Old Frankish and is a Compound (linguistics), compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Germanic ''*rīk-'' 'ruler, leader, king' and ''*hardu-'' 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'strong in rule'. Nicknames include "Richie", "Dick (nickname), Dick", "Dickon", "Dickie (name), Dickie", "Rich (given name), Rich", "Rick (given name), Rick", "Rico (name), Rico", "Ricky (given name), Ricky", and more. Richard is a common English (the name was introduced into England by the Normans), German and French male name. It's also used in many more languages, particularly Germanic, such as Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, Icelandic, and Dutch, as well as other languages including Irish, Scottish, Welsh and Finnish. Richard is cognate with variants of the name in other European languages, such as the Swedish "Rickard", the Portuguese and Spanish "Ricardo" and the Italian "Ricc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, fourth-most populous city in the European Union and the List of cities proper by population density, 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, culture, Fashion capital, fashion, and gastronomy. Because of its leading role in the French art, arts and Science and technology in France, sciences and its early adoption of extensive street lighting, Paris became known as the City of Light in the 19th century. The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 inhabitants in January 2023, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
