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Leonid Sobolev (ship)
Leonid Nikolayevich Sobolev () (9 June 1844 – 13 October 1913) was an Imperial Russian Army general and politician. A veteran of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, General Sobolev was the main proponent of the strand of Russian foreign and military policy that saw for the Russians a duty to expel the Ottoman Empire from Europe and to take the Bosphorus for Russia in order to ensure full access to the Mediterranean Sea. Recognising that the United Kingdom maintained a policy of preventing this Sobolev advocated mobilising forces near Afghanistan and British India in order to distract British attention from the Ottomans and give a Russia a free hand in that region. Sobolev was one of two young Russian generals appointed to the Bulgarian cabinet in April 1882 by Alexander. Sobolev was appointed both Prime Minister of Bulgaria and Minister of the Interior, with his fellow Russian general Aleksandr Kaulbars as Minister of War.R. J. Crampton, ''Bulgaria'', Oxford: Oxford Unive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Of Battenberg
Alexander Joseph (; 5 April 1857 – 17 November 1893), known as Alexander of Battenberg, was the first prince (''knyaz'') of the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria from 1879 until his abdication in 1886. The Bulgarian Grand National Assembly elected him as Prince of autonomous Bulgaria in 1879. He dissolved the assembly the following year and suspended the Constitution in 1881, considering it too liberal. He restored the Constitution in 1883, leading to open conflict with Russia that made him popular in Bulgaria. Unification with Eastern Rumelia was achieved and recognised by the powers in 1885. A coup carried out by pro-Russian Bulgarian Army officers forced him to abdicate in September 1886. He later became a general in the Austrian army. Early life Alexander was the second son of Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine by the latter's morganatic marriage with Countess Julia von Hauke. The Countess and her descendants gained the title of Princess of Battenberg (derived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders of Russia, land borders with fourteen countries. Russia is the List of European countries by population, most populous country in Europe and the List of countries and dependencies by population, ninth-most populous country in the world. It is a Urbanization by sovereign state, highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, the List of metropolitan areas in Europe, most populous metropolitan area in Europe, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg is its second-largest city and Society and culture in Saint Petersburg, cultural centre. Human settlement on the territory of modern Russia dates back to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1913 Deaths
Events January * January – Joseph Stalin travels to Vienna to research his ''Marxism and the National Question''. This means that, during this month, Stalin, Hitler, Trotsky and Tito are all living in the city. * January 3 – First Balkan War: Greece completes its Battle of Chios (1912), capture of the eastern Aegean island of Chios, as the last Ottoman forces on the island surrender. * January 13 – Edward Carson founds the (first) Ulster Volunteers, Ulster Volunteer Force, by unifying several existing Ulster loyalism, loyalist militias to resist home rule for Ireland. * January 18 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos (1913), Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the war. * January 23 – 1913 Ottoman coup d'état: Enver Pasha comes to power. February * February 1 – New York City's Grand Central Te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1844 Births
In the Philippines, 1844 had only 365 days, when Tuesday, December 31 was skipped as Monday, December 30 was immediately followed by Wednesday, January 1, 1845, the next day after. The change also applied to Caroline Islands, Guam, Marianas Islands, Marshall Islands and Palau as part of the Captaincy General of the Philippines; these became the first places on Earth to redraw the International Date Line. Events January–March * January 4 – The first issue of the Swedish-languaged ''Saima'' newspaper founded by J. V. Snellman is published in Kuopio, Finland. * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives its charter from Indiana. * February 27 – The Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti. * February 28 – A gun on the USS ''Princeton'' explodes while the boat is on a Potomac River cruise, killing U.S. Secretary of State Abel Upshur, U.S. Secretary of the Navy Thomas Walker Gilmer and four other people. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Bulgaria
The Prime Minister of Bulgaria () is the head of government of Bulgaria. They are oftentimes the leader of a political coalition in the Bulgarian parliament, known as the National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repr ..., and the leader of the Government of Bulgaria, cabinet. At times, the Prime Minister has been appointed by the President of Bulgaria, in order to lead a caretaker government. The current Prime Minister is Rosen Zhelyazkov, who has served since 16 January 2025. See also * Government of Bulgaria * History of Bulgaria * Politics of Bulgaria * List of Bulgarian monarchs * List of heads of the state of Bulgaria * List of presidents of Bulgaria (1990–present) References {{Prime Minister Prime ministers of Bulgaria, 1879 establishmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarnovo Constitution
The Tarnovo Constitution () was the first constitution of Bulgaria. It was adopted on 16 April 1879 (Adoption of the Gregorian calendar#Adoption in Eastern Europe, O.S.) by the Constituent National Assembly of Bulgaria, National Assembly held in Veliko Tarnovo as part of the establishment of the Principality of Bulgaria. It remained the fundamental law of Bulgaria after the country was Kingdom of Bulgaria, elevated to a kingdom in 1908. Based on the Constitution of Belgium, Belgian charter of 1831, The Constitution was liberal in character and was considered advanced for its time. It defined the function and competence of the central organs of state authority according to the principle of separation of powers among an executive (government), executive, a legislature, legislative, and a judiciary branch. It provided for ministerial responsibility, immunity of the deputies, and inviolability of private property. The constitution included a clause that formally established the Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Stoilov
Konstantin Stoilov () (23 September 1853 O.S. – 23 March 1901 O.S.) was a leading Bulgarian politician and twice Prime Minister. Simeon Radev described him as the most European-like of all Bulgarian politicians.Profile of Stoilov 
Born in , Stoilov studied at in
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Khanate Of Bukhara
The Khanate of Bukhara was an Uzbek state in Central Asia from 1501 to 1785, founded by the Abu'l-Khayrid dynasty, a branch of the Shaybanids. From 1533 to 1540, Bukhara briefly became its capital during the reign of Ubaidullah Khan. The Khanate reached its greatest extent and influence under its penultimate Abu'l-Khayrid ruler, the scholarly Abdullah Khan II (r. 1557–1598). In the 17th and 18th centuries, the Khanate was ruled by the Janid dynasty (Astrakhanids or Toqay Timurids). They were the last Genghisid descendants to rule Bukhara. In 1740, it was conquered by Nader Shah, the Shah of Iran. After his death in 1747, the khanate was controlled by the non-Genghisid descendants of the Uzbek emir Khudayar Bi, through the prime ministerial position of ''ataliq''. In 1785, his descendant, Shah Murad, formalized the family's dynastic rule ( Manghit dynasty), and the khanate became the Emirate of Bukhara. The Manghits were non-Genghisid and took the Islamic title of Emir i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanate
A khanate ( ) or khaganate refers to historic polity, polities ruled by a Khan (title), khan, khagan, khatun, or khanum. Khanates were typically nomadic Mongol and Turkic peoples, Turkic or Tatars, Tatar societies located on the Eurasian Steppe, and politically equivalent in status to chiefdom, kinship-based chiefdoms and Feudalism, feudal Monarchy, monarchies. Khanates and khaganates were organised Tribe, tribally, where leaders gained power on the support and loyalty of their warrior subjects, gaining tribute from subordinates as realm funding. In comparison to a khanate, a khaganate, the realm of a khagan, was a Nomadic empire, large nomadic state maintaining subjugation over numerous smaller khanates. The title of khagan, translating as "Khan of the Khans", roughly corresponds in status to that of an emperor. Mongol khanates Mongol Empire (1206–1368) The Mongol Empire was the largest steppe nomadic Khaganate as well as List of largest empires, second largest empire and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberalism And Radicalism In Bulgaria
This article gives an overview of liberalism and radicalism in Bulgaria. It is limited to liberal and radical parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ denotes another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme it is not necessary that parties label themselves as a liberal party. Background Liberalism was a dominant political force at the end of the nineteenth century. The current got strongly divided. History After the restoration of democracy in 1990, some parties got a liberal character. Liberalism is now represented by the mainly Turkish minority party Movement for Rights and Freedoms (''Dviženie za prava i svobodi'', observer LI, member ELDR), the National Movement for Simeon II (''Nacionalno Dviženie Simeon Vtori'', member LI, ELDR) and Democratic Bulgaria (''Demokratichna Balgariya''), both taking a more or less liberal position. From Liberal Party to Democratic Party *1879: Liberal force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly (Bulgaria)
The National Assembly () is the Unicameralism, unicameral parliament and Legislature, legislative body of the Republic of Bulgaria. The first National Assembly was established in 1879 with the Tarnovo Constitution. During the People's Republic of Bulgaria, communist period between 1946 and 1989, the National Assembly was the Legislature in communist states, supreme organ of state power and the only branch of government in Bulgaria and, in accordance with the principle of unified power, all state organs were subservient to it. Most of the National Assembly's actions were characterized as a Rubber stamp (politics), rubber stamp for the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP) or as only being able to affect issues of low sensitivity and salience to the Bulgarian communist regime. The BCP controlled nomination and election processes at every level in its political system, allowing it to stamp out any opposition. Ordinary National Assembly The National Assembly consists of 240 members elect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservative Party (Bulgaria)
The Conservative Party () was a Bulgarian party which existed between 1879 and 1884. It was linked with the newspapers Vitosha, Balgarski Glas and Otechestvo. The Conservative party formed the first two governments of Liberated Bulgaria, but it didn't receive a majority in the parliamentary elections held in 1879, triggering a motion of no confidence and snap elections in 1880, which they also lost. It supported the 1881 coup and the Proxy Regime of Alexander I Battenberg which suspended the Tarnovo Constitution after which it was fully discredited and fell apart. As early as 1882 the group of Marko Balabanov joined the moderate wing of the Liberal Party led by Dragan Tsankov which later formed the Progressive Liberal Party. After the political crisis of 1886 and 1887 some party members such as Dimitar Grekov and Grigor Nachovich joined the People's Liberal Party of Stefan Stambolov. The other leaders of the Conservative Party, led by Konstantin Stoilov formed the People's Par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
