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Lebanese Detainees In Syria
The Lebanese prisoners detained in Syria or the Missing Lebanese in Syria are hundreds or even thousands (estimated at 622) of Lebanese citizens who were detained or disappeared during the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) and after, in the time of the Syrian occupation of Lebanon, which lasted until 2005. These detentions included individuals from various political parties, activists, and journalists. Even after the war, the plight of detainees in Syrian prisons has persisted as a topic of discussion and contention in Lebanon, with families demanding to know their fate and calling for their release. Despite years of denial by the Syrian regime of the presence of Lebanese detainees in its prisons, many were released on various occasions. On December 5, 2024, Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham announced the release of approximately 100 Lebanese prisoners from the Hama prison following clashes in Aleppo, giving renewed hope to families of detainees. Historical context During the Lebanese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanon
Lebanon, officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west; Cyprus lies a short distance from the coastline. Lebanon has a population of more than five million and an area of . Beirut is the country's capital and largest city. Human habitation in Lebanon dates to 5000 BC. From 3200 to 539 BC, it was part of Phoenicia, a maritime civilization that spanned the Mediterranean Basin. In 64 BC, the region became part of the Roman Empire and the subsequent Byzantine Empire. After the seventh century, it Muslim conquest of the Levant, came under the rule of different Islamic caliphates, including the Rashidun Caliphate, Rashidun, Umayyad Caliphate, Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphate, Abbasid. The 11th century saw the establishment of Christian Crusader states, which fell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of Liberation (1989–1990)
The War of Liberation (Arabic: حرب التحرير) was a sub-conflict within the Lebanese Civil War#Fourth phase (1984–1990), final phase of the Lebanese Civil War between 1989 and 1990, in which the Lebanese Armed Forces, Lebanese Army loyal to General and Prime Minister of Lebanon, Prime Minister Michel Aoun, appointed by previous President Amine Gemayel and headquartered in eastern Beirut, fought against the western Beirut-based Syrian Armed Forces and the Lebanese Army loyal to President of Lebanon, President Elias Hrawi and Prime Minister Salim Al-Huss, appointed by the Taif Agreement. Aoun launched several offensives against the Lebanese Forces in an attempt to establish his authority over East Beirut. The conflict culminated on 13 October 1990, when the Syrian Army stormed Baabda Palace and other strongholds of Aoun, killing hundreds of Lebanese soldiers and civilians and ousting Aoun, marking the end of the Lebanese Civil War. Aoun survived and moved to France to live ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kataeb Party
The Kataeb Party (), officially the Kataeb Party – Lebanese Social Democratic Party ( '), also known as the Phalangist Party, is a right-wing Christian political party in Lebanon founded by Pierre Gemayel in 1936. The party and its paramilitary wings played a major role in the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990), opposing Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon as well as collaborating with Israel. The Phalangists were responsible for the Black Saturday massacre, the Tel al-Zaatar massacre, Ehden massacre, and the Karantina massacre. In 1982, Pierre's youngest son Bachir, the leader of the party's militia, was elected President, but was assassinated before he could take office. This led to Phalangist militiamen committing the infamous Sabra and Shatila massacre during the 1982 war, with support from the IDF. Bachir was succeeded by his older brother Amine, who led the party through much of the war. In decline in the late 1980s and 1990s during the Syrian occupat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boutros Khawand
Boutros Khawand (, born 1940 in Kattin) was a member of the political bureau of the Lebanese Kataeb party and one of the cofounders of its military council in 1975. He was kidnapped in front of his house in Horch Tabet on September 15, 1992. Background Boutros Khawand began his political career in the Kataeb party in 1956. He held several key positions within the party in which he was one of the co-founders. In 1976, he became the confident of the elected Lebanese president Bachir Gemayel. In 1982, Khawand was elected to the presidency of the Military Council and the political bureau of the Kataeb party (the largest Christian party in the Middle East), He held the latter position until his kidnapping on September 15, 1992. He was known to have a strong and well-respected relations with all Lebanese leaders specially with president Amine Gemayel as well as the president of the Lebanese forces (Dr. Samir Geagea). Kidnapping On September 15, 1992, at 9:10 AM, Khawand was heading to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Lebanese In Syrian Jails
This is a list of Lebanese citizens suspected to be detained in Syria (estimated to be 622). Responses Syrian response In 2000, Syria released 54 Lebanese political prisoners. According to the Syrian government, these were all the Lebanese political prisoners under their control. The Syrian government also confirmed the existence of 88 Lebanese citizens under criminal sentences. The Syrian government claimed these people are not political prisoners due to the criminal sentences they are serving. Rafic Hariri's response Before the 54 Lebanese prisoners were released from the Syrian side, lists that include around 260 Lebanese prisoners were being spread. According to Hariri, during a December 12, 2000 speech, these lists were inaccurate and would “make us remember all the civil war's terrible mess again”. He insisted Syria has released all Lebanese citizens it had, supporting Syria's claim. See also * Lebanese detainees in Syria * Lebanon * Lebanese Civil War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. Headquartered in New York City, the group investigates and reports on issues including War crime, war crimes, crimes against humanity, Child labour, child labor, torture, human trafficking, and Women's rights, women's and LGBTQ rights. It pressures governments, policymakers, companies, and individual abusers to respect human rights, and frequently works on behalf of refugees, children, migrants, and political prisoners. The organization was founded in 1978 as Helsinki Watch, whose purpose was to monitor the Soviet Union's compliance with the 1975 Helsinki Accords. Its separate global divisions merged into Human Rights Watch in 1988. The group publishes annual reports on about 100 countries with the goal of providing an overview of the worldwide state of human rights. In 1997, HRW shared the Nobel Peace Prize as a founding member of the International C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amnesty International
Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom. The organization says that it has more than ten million members and supporters around the world. The stated mission of the organization is to campaign for "a world in which every person enjoys all of the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights instruments". The organization has played a notable role on human rights issues due to its frequent citation in media and by world leaders. AI was founded in London in 1961 by the lawyer Peter Benenson. In what he called "The Forgotten Prisoners" and "An Appeal for Amnesty", which appeared on the front page of the British newspaper ''The Observer'', Benenson wrote about two students who toasted to freedom in Portugal and four other people who had been jailed in other nations because of their beliefs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Far' Falastin
Far' Falastine (), also known as Branch 235, was a prison operated by Military Intelligence Directorate (Syria), Military Intelligence Directorate of Ba'athist Syria under the charge of Brig. Gen. Kamal Hassan between 2017 and 2020, located in Damascus, notorious for accounts of torture, coercive interrogation, and deplorable conditions related by its former detainees. The Branch was established in 1969 as the liaison between the Ba'athist Syrian regime and the various Palestinian entities permitted to operate in Syria (Fatah, as-Sa'iqa, Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, DFLP, and Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command, PFLP). Although it has been associated with torture at least since 1990, the prison gained widespread notoriety in the wake of the September 11 attacks due to detainees suspected of ties to Terrorist Organizations, terrorist organizations being sent there through extraordinary renditions, primarily by the United States, as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sednaya Prison
Sednaya Prison (), also known as "Human Slaughterhouse" (), was a military prison and death camp in the north of Damascus, Syria, operated by Ba'athist Syria, Ba'athist Syria. Those imprisoned included civilian detainees, Armed factions in the Syrian civil war, anti-government rebels, and political prisoners. In January 2021, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) estimated that 30,000 detainees were killed by the Assad regime in Sednaya from torture, ill-treatment, and mass executions since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war, while Amnesty International estimated in February 2017 "that between 5,000 and 13,000 people were Extrajudicial killing, extrajudicially executed at Sednaya between September 2011 and December 2015." On 8 December 2024, the prison was taken over by rebel forces as they Fall of Damascus (2024), advanced into Damascus. The prison administration agreed to surrender the prison to the rebel forces in exchange for their safe withdrawal. Following the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Civil War
The Lebanese Civil War ( ) was a multifaceted armed conflict that took place from 1975 to 1990. It resulted in an estimated 150,000 fatalities and led to the exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon. The religious diversity of the Lebanese people played a notable role in the lead-up to and during the conflict: Lebanese Christians and Lebanese Sunni Muslims comprised the majority in the coastal cities; Lebanese Shia Muslims were primarily based throughout southern Lebanon and in the Beqaa Valley in the east; and Lebanese Druze, Druze and Christians populated the country's mountainous areas. At the time, the Lebanese government was under the influence of elites within the Maronite Christian community. The link between politics and religion was reinforced under the Greater Lebanon, French Mandate from 1920 to 1943, and the country's parliamentary structure favoured a leading position for Lebanese Christians, who constituted the majority of the population. However, Leban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadmor Prison
Tadmor prison () was located in Palmyra (''Tadmor'' in Arabic) in the deserts of eastern Syria approximately 200 kilometers northeast of Damascus. It was also referred to as the ''Desert Prison''. Tadmor prison was known for harsh conditions, extensive human rights abuse, torture and summary executions. A 2001 report by Amnesty International called it a source of "despair, torture and degrading treatment." It was captured and destroyed by militants of the Islamic State (IS) in May 2015. History Founding The structures were originally built as military barracks by the French Mandate forces. Prison massacre During the 1980s, Tadmor prison housed thousands of Syrian prisoners, both political and criminal and it was also the scene of the June 27, 1980 ''Tadmor Prison massacre'' of prisoners by Rifaat al-Assad, the day after the Syrian branch of the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood narrowly failed in an attempt to assassinate his brother, president Hafez al-Assad. Members of units of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
