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Lebanese Movement In Support Of Fatah
The Lebanese Movement in Support of Fatah – LMSF (Arabic: الحركة اللبنانية لدعم فتح , ''Al-Harakat al-Lubnaniyyat li daem Fath'') was established in 1968 by Dr. Usama Fakhuri, a second-rank Sunni politician opposed to leading Beirut Sunni za'im Saeb Salam. As its name implies, the LMSF received Fatah backing from the outset and joined the ranks of the Lebanese National Movement (LNM) in 1975. See also *Lebanese Civil War *Lebanese National Movement *Palestine Liberation Organization *List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War The Lebanese Civil War was a multi-sided military conflict that pitted a variety of local irregular militias, both Muslim and Christian, against each other between 1975 and 1990. A wide variety of weapons were used by the different armies and ... References * Rex Brynen, ''Sanctuary and Survival: the PLO in Lebanon'', Boulder: Westview Press, Oxford 1990. � Israeli–Lebanese conflict Defunct political parties in Leba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal writ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Usama Fakhuri
{{disambiguation ...
Osama most commonly refers to Osama bin Laden (1957–2011), the founder of al-Qaeda. Osama or Usama may also refer to: Film * ''Osama'' (film), a 2003 film made in Afghanistan * ''Being Osama'', a 2004 documentary film of six men named Osama * ''Main Osama'', an upcoming Indian film Other uses * Osama (name) * "Osama" (song), 2021 single by Zakes Bantwini * ''Dinner With Osama'', collection of short stories by Marilyn Krysl * ''Osama'' (novel), a World Fantasy Award-winning novel by Lavie Tidhar See also * Ōsama * Ōsama Game, a Japanese 2011 horror film * Osamu is a masculine Japanese given name. Possible writings Osamu can be written using different kanji characters and can mean: *治 "reign" *修 "discipline" *理 "logic" *収 "obtain" *紀 "chronicle" *統 "rule" The name can also be written in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunni Islam In Lebanon
Lebanese Sunni Muslims ( ar, المسلمون السنة اللبنانيين) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Sunni branch of Islam in Lebanon, which is one of the largest denomination in Lebanon tied with Shias. Sunni Islam in Lebanon has a history of more than a millennium. According to a CIA 2018 study, Lebanese Sunni Muslims constitute an estimated 30.6% of Lebanon's population. (However, in a country that had last census in 1932, it is difficult to have correct population estimates) The Lebanese Sunni Muslims are highly concentrated in Lebanon's capital city - Beirut (West Beirut /or Beirut II). As well as Tripoli, Sidon, Western Beqaa, and in the countryside of the Akkar, Arsal. And a notable presence in Zahlé, Southern Lebanon, Marjaayoun and Chebaa. Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Sunni notables traditionally held power in the Lebanese st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beirut
Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's Mediterranean coast. Beirut has been inhabited for more than 5,000 years, and was one of Phoenicia's most prominent city states, making it one of the oldest cities in the world (see Berytus). The first historical mention of Beirut is found in the Amarna letters from the New Kingdom of Egypt, which date to the 14th century BC. Beirut is Lebanon's seat of government and plays a central role in the Lebanese economy, with many banks and corporations based in the city. Beirut is an important seaport for the country and region, and rated a Beta + World City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Beirut was severely damaged by the Lebanese Civil War, the 2006 Lebanon War, and the 2020 massive explosion in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Za'im System
The Za'im system, also known as zuama clientelism, is a corrupt patronage system in Lebanon. A political boss, known as a Za'im (plural Zuama), is from a leading family in the country's electoral districts. They manipulate elections and distribute political favors and financial rewards to the highest bidder. A za'im can run for office or encourage votes for another to have another in his debt. Votes are often obtained through bribery or force. Individuals elected to parliament view their primary goal to serve the needs of their local clients, neglect any national issues and use parliament to further their regional-sectarianism, sectarian interests. The Za'im dressed in tailored European suits, which misled many visitors at the time. According to As'ad AbuKhalil, many Zuama became warlords during the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). He has also stated that they are often sponsored by Foreign relations of Lebanon, foreign governments, through which foreign embassies play a role in maki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saeb Salam
Saeb Salam (17 January 1905 – 21 January 2000) ( ar, صائب سلام) was a Lebanese politician, who served as Prime Minister six times between 1952 and 1973. Following his death, the Lebanese daily ''As-Safir'' described Salam as "most successful in dealing with the media and in presenting a particular image of himself to people on a daily basis through wearing his customary carnation ... and expounding unforgettable slogans", and that he was Lebanon's most popular prime minister after independence leader Riad Al Solh.Yehia, RanwaSalam bid farewell ''Al-Ahram Weekly''. 2 February 2000. A significant aspect of Salam was that, unlike other Lebanese leaders, he did not act as a chief over a particular area in the country. Salam fiercely advocated the unity of Lebanon. Early life and education Salam was the son of Salim Ali Salam, the scion of a prominent Sunni Muslim family, who was a prominent politician both under Ottoman rule and then during the French Mandate, being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatah
Fatah ( ar, فتح '), formerly the Palestinian National Liberation Movement, is a Palestinian nationalist social democratic political party and the largest faction of the Confederation, confederated multi-party Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and second-largest party in the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC). Mahmoud Abbas, the President of the Palestinian Authority, is a member of Fatah. Fatah is generally considered to have had a strong involvement in revolutionary struggle in the past and has maintained #Armed factions, a number of militant groups.Terrorism in Tel Aviv ''Time (magazine), Time'' Friday, 13 Sep 1968 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese National Movement
The Lebanese National Movement (LNM) ( ar, الحركة الوطنية اللبنانية, ''Al-Harakat al-Wataniyya al-Lubnaniyya'') or Mouvement National Libanais (MNL) in French, was a front of leftist, pan-Arabist and Syrian nationalist parties and organizations active during the early years of the Lebanese Civil War, which supported the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). It was headed by Kamal Jumblatt, a prominent Druze leader of the Progressive Socialist Party (PSP). The Vice-President was Inaam Raad, leader of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party and Assem Qanso of the pro-Syrian Lebanese Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. The general secretary of the LNM was Mohsen Ibrahim, leader of the Communist Action Organization in Lebanon (CAOL). The LNM was one of two main coalitions during the first rounds of fighting in the Lebanese Civil War, the other being the militias of the mainly Christian Lebanese Front, which comprised the Phalange, the National Liberal Party and othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Civil War
The Lebanese Civil War ( ar, الحرب الأهلية اللبنانية, translit=Al-Ḥarb al-Ahliyyah al-Libnāniyyah) was a multifaceted armed conflict that took place from 1975 to 1990. It resulted in an estimated 120,000 fatalities and an exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon. The diversity of the Lebanese people, Lebanese population played a notable role in the lead-up to and during the conflict: Lebanese Sunni Muslims, Sunni Muslims and Christianity in Lebanon, Christians comprised the majority in the coastal cities; Shia Islam, Shia Muslims were primarily based in Southern Lebanon, the south and the Beqaa Valley in the east; and Lebanese Druze, Druze and Christians populated the country's mountainous areas. The Lebanese government had been run under the significant influence of elites within the Lebanese Maronite Christians, Maronite Christian community. The link between politics and religion had been reinforced under the Mandate for Syria and Lebanon, F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palestine Liberation Organization
The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO; ar, منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية, ') is a Palestinian nationalist political and militant organization founded in 1964 with the initial purpose of establishing Arab unity and statehood over the territory of former Mandatory Palestine, in opposition to the State of Israel. In 1993, alongside the Oslo I Accord, the PLO's aspiration for Arab statehood was revised to be specifically for the Palestinian territories under an Israeli occupation since the 1967 Arab–Israeli War. It is headquartered in the city of Al-Bireh in the West Bank, and is recognized as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people by over 100 countries that it has diplomatic relations with.Madiha Rashid Al-Madfai, ''Jordan, the United States and the Middle East Peace Process, 1974–1991'', Cambridge Middle East Library, Cambridge University Press (1993). . p. 21:"On 28 October 1974, the seventh Arab summit conference held in Rab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Weapons Of The Lebanese Civil War
The Lebanese Civil War was a multi-sided military conflict that pitted a variety of local irregular militias, both Muslim and Christian, against each other between 1975 and 1990. A wide variety of weapons were used by the different armies and factions operating in the Lebanese Civil War. Combatants included: * the leftist-Muslim militias of the Lebanese National Movement (LNM) coalition (1975 – 1982): ** the Sunni Muslim Independent Nasserite Movement's Al-Mourabitoun militia (1975 – 1988); ** the Sunni Muslim Popular Nasserist Organization's National Liberation Army (NLA) militia (1975 – 1991); ** the Sunni Muslim Toilers League's Zafer el-Khatib Forces (ZKF) militia (1974 – 1991); ** the Druze Progressive Socialist Party's People's Liberation Army (Druze PLA) militia (1975 – 1991); ** the Sixth of February Movement militia (1975 – 1986); ** the Union of Working People's Forces's (UWPF) Victory Divisions militia (1965 – 1990); ** the Union of Working People's Forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israeli–Lebanese Conflict
The Israeli–Lebanese conflict, or the South Lebanon conflict,G. Rongxing. ''Territorial Disputes and Conflict Management: The Art of Avoiding War''. p71. was a series of military clashes involving Israel, Lebanon and Syria, the Palestine Liberation Organization, as well as various militias acting from within Lebanon. The conflict peaked in the 1980s, during the Lebanese Civil War, and has abated since. The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) recruited militants in Lebanon from among the Palestinian refugees who had been expelled or fled after the creation of Israel in 1948. After the PLO leadership and its Fatah brigade were expelled from Jordan in 1970–71 for fomenting a revolt, they entered Southern Lebanon, resulting in an increase of internal and cross-border violence. Meanwhile, demographic tensions over the Lebanese National Pact led to the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). PLO actions were one of the key factors in the eruption of the Lebanese Civil War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
