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Lauw Tek Lok
Lauw Tek Lok, der Chinezen (died in Meester Cornelis in 1882) was a high-ranking government official and landlord in Batavia, Dutch East Indies, and a member of the Lauw-Sim-Zecha family, part of Java’s Cabang Atas gentry. He is remembered today for his long tenure as ''Luitenant der Chinezen'' (or government-appointed head mandarin) of Bekasi, and for his interracial marriage with Louisa Zecha. Born in Batavia, Lauw Tek Lok was the son of the early nineteenth-century tycoon Lauw Ho (died in 1863), part of the powerful Ngo Ho Tjiang opium partnership. His father was an important revenue farmer, and served as '' Wijkmeester'' (ward master) of Meester Cornelis. The younger Lauw became one of the most important landlords (' Landheeren') in Batavia with significant agricultural landholdings (' particuliere landen') in the city's ''Ommelanden'' (the then rural hinterland of Batavia), including the estate of Cimanggis. Lauw was appointed on December 23, 1854 to the newly-create ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Kapitan Cina
This is a list of individuals who held the post of Kapitan Cina, a government position that existed in colonial Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The role came with vastly varying degrees of power, depending on historical and local circumstances: from near-sovereign authority with legal, political and military powers to an honorary title for a community leader. Kapitan Cina in Hirado, Japan * Kapitan Cina Li Dan Kapitan Cina in the Residency of Batavia (Greater Jakarta, Indonesia) Hoofden der Chinezen of Batavia (Senior Heads and Chairmen of the Kong Koan) * 1619–1636: Kapitein Souw Beng Kong (formerly Kapitan Cina of Banten) * 1636-1645: Kapitein Lim Lak Ko * 1645-1663: Kapitein Phoa Beng Gan * 1663-1666: Kapitein Gan Djie * 1666-1678: Nyai Kapitein Gan Djie * 1678-1685: Kapitein Tjoa Hoan Giok * 1736-1740: Kapitein Nie Hoe Kong * 1791-1800: Kapitein Oey Bian Kong * 1800-1809: Kapitein Gouw Tjang Sie * 1809-1812: Kapitein Tan Peng Long * 1811-1817: Kapitein Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngo Ho Tjiang
The Ngo Ho Tjiang '' Kongsi'' (; the 'Five Tiger Generals'), sometimes spelled Ngo Houw Tjiang, was a powerful consortium that dominated the opium '' pacht'' or tax farm of the Residency of Batavia, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) in the early to mid-nineteenth century. The pacht was an outsourced tax operation, collecting customs, excise and indirect duties on behalf of the Dutch colonial government. The five partners of the consortium were the ''pachters'' Lauw Ho, Gouw Kang Soei, ''Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen'', Tan Ling, Khouw Siong Bo and Tan Kong Boen. The name of the kongsi refers to the five generals of the 14th-century Chinese classic novel, ''The Romance of the Three Kingdoms ''Romance of the Three Kingdoms'' () is a 14th-century historical novel attributed to Luo Guanzhong. It is set in the turbulent years towards the end of the Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history, starting in 184 AD and ...''. Of all colonial-era ''pachten'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Jakarta
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian People Of Chinese Descent
Chinese Indonesians ( id, Orang Tionghoa Indonesia) and colloquially Chindo or just Tionghoa are Indonesians whose ancestors arrived from China at some stage in the last eight centuries. Chinese people and their Indonesian descendants have lived in the Indonesian archipelago since at least the 13th century. Many came initially as sojourners (temporary residents), intending to return home in their old age. Some, however, stayed in the region as economic migrants. Their population grew rapidly during the colonial period when workers were contracted from their home provinces in Southern China. Discrimination against Chinese Indonesians has occurred since the start of Dutch colonialism in the region, although government policies implemented since 1998 have attempted to redress this. Resentment of ethnic Chinese economic aptitude grew in the 1950s as Native Indonesian merchants felt they could not remain competitive. In some cases, government action propagated the stereotype that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1882 Deaths
Year 188 (CLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Fuscianus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 941 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 188 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Publius Helvius Pertinax becomes pro-consul of Africa from 188 to 189. Japan * Queen Himiko (or Shingi Waō) begins her reign in Japan (until 248). Births * April 4 – Caracalla (or Antoninus), Roman emperor (d. 217) * Lu Ji (or Gongji), Chinese official and politician (d. 219) * Sun Shao, Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 241) Deaths * March 17 – Julian, pope and patriarch of Alexandria * Fa Zhen (or Gaoqing), Chinese scholar (b. AD 100) * Lucius Antistius Burrus, Roman politician (executed) * Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aman Resorts
Aman Resorts is the trading entity of Aman Group Sarl, a Swiss-headquartered multinational hospitality company. Founded by Indonesian hotelier Adrian Zecha in 1988, the company operates 34 properties in 20 countries. Vladislav Doronin is the chief executive officer, chairman, and owner. History Founding Founded in 1988, Aman Resorts' first destination was the result of hotelier Adrian Zecha's desire to build a holiday home in Phuket. His plans soon developed into an idea to build a small boutique resort with Anil Thadani and two other friends. They invested their own money in the venture as no banks would lend for the project due to the small number of planned rooms. The resort opened as Amanpuri in 1988, with nightly rates reportedly five times higher than local competitors. By 1992, following the success of the first hotel, the group had expanded to include several resorts in Indonesia, a resort on Bora Bora and one in the Alpine village of Courchevel. Later, Clement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohemia
Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohemian kings, including Moravia and Czech Silesia, in which case the smaller region is referred to as Bohemia proper as a means of distinction. Bohemia was a duchy of Great Moravia, later an independent principality, a kingdom in the Holy Roman Empire, and subsequently a part of the Habsburg monarchy and the Austrian Empire. After World War I and the establishment of an independent Czechoslovak state, the whole of Bohemia became a part of Czechoslovakia, defying claims of the German-speaking inhabitants that regions with German-speaking majority should be included in the Republic of German-Austria. Between 1938 and 1945, these border regions were joined to Nazi Germany as the Sudetenland. The remainder of Czech territory became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indo People
The Indo people ( nl, Indische Nederlanders, or Indos) are Eurasian people living in or connected with Indonesia. In its narrowest sense, the term refers to people in the former Dutch East Indies who held European legal status but were of mixed Dutch and indigenous Indonesian descent as well as their descendants today. In the broadest sense, an Indo is anyone of mixed European and Indonesian descent. Indos are associated with colonial culture of the former Dutch East Indies, a Dutch colony in Southeast Asia and a predecessor to modern Indonesia after its proclamation of independence shortly after World War II. The term was used to describe people acknowledged to be of mixed Dutch and Indonesian descent, or it was a term used in the Dutch East Indies to apply to Europeans who had partial Asian ancestry. "Indos–people of Dutch descent who stayed in the new republic Indonesia after it gained independence, or who emigrated to Indonesia after 1949–are called 'Dutch-Ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan Kang Ie
Tan or TAN may refer to: Businesses and organisations * Black and Tans, a nickname for British special constables during the Irish War of Independence. By extension "Tans" can now also colloquially refer to English or British people in general, especially disparagingly. * TAN Books, a Catholic publishing company * FC Rubin-TAN Kazan, a Russian professional ice hockey club in Kazan in 1991-94 * Transportes Aereos Nacionales, an airline based in Honduras known as TAN Airlines People * Tan (surname) (譚), a Chinese surname * Chen (surname) (陳), a Chinese surname, pronounced "Tan" in Min Nan languages * Laozi, posthumous name "Tan" or "Dān" (聃), philosopher of ancient China * Leborgne, nicknamed Tan, a patient of Paul Broca's, on whose autopsy he identified Broca's area * TAN (musician) (born 1990), Malaysian pop singer * Tan Sağtürk (born 1969), Turkish ballet Places China * Tan (state), an ancient viscountcy in eastern Shandong Province, China * Tai'an railway station ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cimanggis
Cimanggis is an administrative district in the city of Depok, within the province of West Java, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine .... Cimanggis is located in the north of Depok. It covers an area of 21.58 km2 and had a population of 241,979 at the 2010 Census; the latest official estimate (as at mid 2018) is 324,343. Village Cimanggis is divided in 6 Villages: * Curug * Harjamukti * Cisalak Pasar * Mekarsari * * Pasir Gunung Selatan References Depok Populated places in West Java {{WJava-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Particuliere Landerij
The ''particuliere landerijen'' or ''particuliere landen'' ( Dutch for 'private domains'; singular ''particuliere landerij'' or ''particuliere land''), also called ''tanah partikelir'' in Indonesian, were landed domains in a feudal system of land tenure used in parts of the Java). Dutch jurists described these domains as ‘sovereign’ and of comparable legal status to indirectly-ruled ''Vorstenlanden'' rincely statesin the Indies subject to the Dutch Crown. The lord of such a domain was called a '' Landheer'' utch for 'landlord' and by law possessed ''landsheerlijke rechten'' or ''hak-hak ketuanan'' eigniorial jurisdictionover the inhabitants of his domain — jurisdiction exercised elsewhere by the central government. History The Dutch East India Company, which claimed to have succeeded to the rights of the ancient kings of Java, created and sold the earliest particuliere landen for the Company's high-ranking officials, compradors and allies between the 1620s and its ban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landheer
In the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), a Landheer ( Dutch for 'landlord'; plural, Landheeren) was the lord or owner of a '' particuliere landerij'', a private domain in a feudal system of land tenure used in parts of the colony. Dutch jurists described the legal jurisdiction of a Landheer over his domain as ‘sovereign’ and comparable to that of the rulers of indirectly-ruled princely states in the Indies. By law, the Landheer possessed ''landsheerlijke rechten'' or ''hak-hak ketuanan'' eigniorial jurisdictionover the inhabitants of his domain — jurisdiction exercised elsewhere by the central government. The Landheer's country seat on his domain was called a '' Landhuis'' or ''Rumah Kongsi''. In this context, 'Kongsi' meant 'Lord' or 'his Lordship', and was a title used by the Chinese Landheeren, who were invariably scions of the Cabang Atas gentry. Legal and political jurisdiction The legal and political jurisdiction of a Landheer was regulated by a mixture of laws and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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