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Langues Et Civilisations à Tradition Orale
A langue or tongue () was an administrative division of the Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Order of St. John of Jerusalem) between 1319 and 1798. The term referred to a rough ethno-linguistic division of the geographical distribution of the Order's members and possessions. Each langue was subdivided into Priories or Grand Priories, Bailiwicks and Commanderies of the Order of Saint John, Commanderies. Each langue had an ''auberge'' as its headquarters, some of which still survive in Rhodes (city), Rhodes, Birgu and Valletta. History The Knights Hospitaller began to take the features of a state following its acquisition of Rhodes and nearby islands in the early 14th century. The subdivision of the Order into ''langues'' began in 1319 during a meeting of the Chapter General in Montpellier. For the purposes of administration of the Order's possessions in Europe, the langues were divided into ''grand priories'', some of which were further divided into ''priories'' or ''ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auberge Of The Lingua Of France 05
Auberge is a French word for an inn or hostel, and is also sometimes used to refer to a restaurant (as a result of the historical association between inns and restaurants). Inns *Auberge Ravoux, historic landmark in French village of Auvers-sur-Oise *Auberge (restaurant), former Michelin-starred restaurant in Amsterdam, Netherlands. *Auberge du Soleil, restaurant and resort in California, with interiors designed by Michael Taylor. *Langue (Knights Hospitaller)#Auberges, Auberges built by the Knights Hospitaller, the headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller's administrative divisions, located in Rhodes and then Malta Music *''Auberge'', folk album by Le Rêve du Diable, 1982 *Auberge (album), ''Auberge'' (album), a 1991 album by Chris Rea **Auberge (song), "Auberge" (song), a song by Chris Rea from the album of the same name See also * L'Auberge (other) {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language
French ( or ) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European family. Like all other Romance languages, it descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. French evolved from Northern Old Gallo-Romance, a descendant of the Latin spoken in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien language, Francien) largely supplanted. It was also substratum (linguistics), influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul and by the Germanic languages, Germanic Frankish language of the post-Roman Franks, Frankish invaders. As a result of French and Belgian colonialism from the 16th century onward, it was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, and numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole, were established. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Courts Of Justice Building (Valletta)
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law. Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument. The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals. Description A court is any person or institution, often as a government institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Malta (World War II)
The siege of Malta in World War II was a military campaign in the Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II, Mediterranean theatre. From June 1940 to November 1942, the fight for the control of the strategically important island of the British Empire, British Crown Colony of Malta pitted the air and naval forces of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany against the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Royal Navy. The opening of a North African campaign, new front in North Africa in June 1940 increased Malta's already considerable value. British air and sea forces based on the island could attack Axis powers, Axis ships transporting supplies and reinforcements from Europe. General Erwin Rommel, de facto field commander of ''Panzerarmee Afrika'' in North Africa, recognised its importance quickly. In May 1941, he warned that "Without Malta the Axis will end by losing control of North Africa". The Axis resolved to strategic bombing, bomb or starve Malta into submission, to soften it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auberge D'Auvergne
The Auberge d'Auvergne () was an auberge in Valletta, Malta. It was built in the 16th century to house knights of the Order of Saint John from the langue of Auvergne. It became a courthouse in the 19th century, and it remained so until it was destroyed by aerial bombardment in 1941. The site is now occupied by the Courts of Justice building, which was constructed in the 1960s. History Auberge d'Auvergne was located in Great Siege Square within ''Strada San Giorgio'' (now known as Republic Street), facing the nave of St. John's Co-Cathedral. The langue of Auvergne received the authorization to construct the auberge on 8 June 1570, and construction started either in 1571 or 1574. It was completed in around 1583, and the building was constructed to a design of the Maltese architect Girolamo Cassar. Auberge d'Auvergne was enlarged in 1783, when part of an adjacent 16th-century palace called Casa Caccia was incorporated into the building. The auberge continued to house the lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auberge D'Auvergne Et Provence
Auberge d'Auvergne et Provence () is an auberge in Birgu, Malta. It was built to house knights of the Order of Saint John from the langues of Auvergne and Provence. Auberge d'Auvergne et Provence was built in the 1530s, incorporating earlier buildings. Parts of the ground floor and basement are believed to date back to the 15th century, while older remains possibly date back to the Byzantine period. The auberge is reported to have been functional by 1531, and its existence is confirmed by the Order's records in August 1532. The auberge was originally built as two separate auberges, with Auvergne on the right and Provence on the left. At some point, these were joined and shared a single façade. The building formed a compact block with other auberges next to it, namely Auberge d'Aragon and Auberge de France. The façade consists of a central doorway, with smaller doors on each side. The central doorway is embellished with a moulded cornice. The apertures have typical Melitan m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Girolamo Cassar
Girolamo Cassar (, 1520 – 1592) was a Maltese architect and military engineer. He was the resident engineer of the Order of St. John, and was admitted into the Order in 1567. He was involved in the construction of Valletta, initially as an assistant to Francesco Laparelli, before taking over the project himself. He designed many public, religious and private buildings in the new capital city, including Saint John's Co-Cathedral, the Grandmaster's Palace and the auberges. He was the father of Vittorio Cassar, another architect and engineer. Biography Cassar's date of birth is not known, but he is believed to have been born in around 1520 in either Birgu or Gudja. The Cassar family, probably originating from Sicily, had been established in Malta since at least the year 1440. He had two brothers, named Andreas and Ians, and married his wife Mathia in the early 1560s after which they had five children -two boys, Vittorio and Gabriele; and three girls, Marietta, Battisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mannerist Architecture
Mannerism is a Style (visual arts), style in Art of Europe, European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520, spreading by about 1530 and lasting until about the end of the 16th century in Italy, when the Baroque style largely replaced it. Northern Mannerism continued into the early 17th century. Mannerism encompasses a variety of approaches influenced by, and reacting to, the harmonious ideals associated with artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Giorgio Vasari, Vasari, and early Michelangelo. Where High Renaissance art emphasizes proportion, balance, and ideal beauty, Mannerism exaggerates such qualities, often resulting in compositions that are asymmetrical or unnaturally elegant. Notable for its artificial (as opposed to naturalistic) qualities, this artistic style privileges compositional tension and instability rather than the balance and clarity of earlier Renaissance painting. Mannerism in literature and music is notable for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auberge D'Aragon
The Auberge d'Aragon () is an auberge in Valletta, Malta. It was built in 1571 to house knights of the Order of Saint John from the langue of Aragon, Navarre and Catalonia. It is the only surviving auberge in Valletta which retains its original Mannerist design by the architect Girolamo Cassar. In the early 19th century, the building was requisitioned by the British military, and in 1842 it was leased to Bishop George Tomlinson, being renamed Gibraltar House. At this point, a neoclassical portico was added to the façade, by then the major addition to the exterior since the 16th century. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the auberge was also used as a printing press and a school. It was converted into a hospital during World War II. It housed the Office of the Prime Minister in 1921–33 and 1947–72. It has since housed various government ministries. Since 2020 it houses the Ministry for Justice. History Hospitaller rule Auberge d'Aragon was designed by the Maltese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auberge D'Aragon, Birgu
The Auberge d'Aragon () is an auberge in Birgu, Malta. It was built in the 16th century to house knights of the Order of Saint John from the langue of Aragon, Navarre and Catalonia. The auberge was located within Birgu's ''collachio'', adjacent to Auberge d'Auvergne et Provence and Auberge de France. The building is two stories high, and it has a central doorway and two balconies. The building housed the Langue of Aragon until a larger Auberge d'Aragon was built in Valletta sometime after 1571. Part of the façade is now covered with stone slabs, but the auberge still retains its original character. The building is now privately owned. The building was included on the Antiquities List of 1925, together with the other auberges in Birgu. It was scheduled as a Grade 1 national monument on 22 December 2009, and it is also listed on the National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands The National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands (NICP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auberge D'Aragon Valletta, Malta Façade
Auberge is a French word for an inn or hostel, and is also sometimes used to refer to a restaurant (as a result of the historical association between inns and restaurants). Inns *Auberge Ravoux, historic landmark in French village of Auvers-sur-Oise * Auberge (restaurant), former Michelin-starred restaurant in Amsterdam, Netherlands. *Auberge du Soleil Auberge du Soleil (meaning "Sun inn" in French) is a restaurant and resort in Rutherford, California, operated by Auberge Resorts Auberge Resorts Collection is a hospitality group headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland. Auberge is a portfolio of ..., restaurant and resort in California, with interiors designed by Michael Taylor. * Auberges built by the Knights Hospitaller, the headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller's administrative divisions, located in Rhodes and then Malta Music *''Auberge'', folk album by Le Rêve du Diable, 1982 * ''Auberge'' (album), a 1991 album by Chris Rea ** "Auberge" (song), a song by Chris Rea from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
