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Lacunolabial
The lacunolabial scale is a large scale that forms in some crotaline snakes (pitvipers) when the prelacunal scale fuses with the second (rarely the third) supralabial scale. In such cases, it is often said that "the second labial enters the pit".Campbell JA, Lamar WW. 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. 2 volumes. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London. 870 pp. 1500 plates. . Some pitvipers, such as Bothrops alternatus, Bothrops erythromelas, Bothrops itapetiningae and Bothrops neuwiedi :''Common names: Neuwied's lancehead, Silva VX da (2004). "The ''Bothrops neuwiedi'' complex". ''In'': Campbell JA, Lamar WW (2004). ''The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. 870 pp. ..., have a divided lacunolabial scale. References {{Reflist Snake scales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snake Scales
Snakes are elongated, limbless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes . Like all other squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales. Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads ( cranial kinesis). To accommodate their narrow bodies, snakes' paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side, and most have only one functional lung. Some species retain a pelvic girdle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca. Lizards have evolved elongate bodies without limbs or with greatly reduced limbs about twenty-five times independently via convergent evolution, leading to many lineages of legless lizards. These resemble snakes, but several common groups of legless lizards have eyelids and external ears, which snakes lack, although this rule is not universal (see Amphisbaenia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crotalinae
The Crotalinae, commonly known as pit vipers,Mehrtens JM (1987). ''Living Snakes of the World in Color''. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. . crotaline snakes (from grc, κρόταλον ''krotalon'' castanet), or pit adders, are a subfamily of vipers found in Eurasia and the Americas. Like all other vipers, they are venomous. They are distinguished by the presence of a heat-sensing pit organ located between the eye and the nostril on both sides of the head. Currently, 23 genera and 155 species are recognized: These are also the only viperids found in the Americas. The groups of snakes represented here include rattlesnakes, lanceheads, and Asian pit vipers. The type genus for this subfamily is '' Crotalus'', of which the type species is the timber rattlesnake, ''C. horridus''. These snakes range in size from the diminutive hump-nosed viper, '' Hypnale hypnale'', that grows to a typical total length (including tail) of only , to the bushmaster, '' Lachesis muta'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prelacunal Scale
Lacunal scales are those scales that form the inner border of the loreal pit The loreal pit is the deep depression, or fossa, in the loreal area on either side of the head in pit vipers (crotaline snakes). The area is located behind the nostril and in front of the eye, but below the line that runs between the centers o ... in crotaline snakes. Usually, these scales are large and also curve outward to form the outer border of the pit. In most cases the pit opening is triangular with one apex pointing back towards the eye. It is bordered above, below and in front by one or more supralacunals, sublacunals and prelacunals respectively.Campbell JA, Lamar WW. 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. 2 volumes. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London. 870 pp. 1500 plates. . References {{Reflist Snake scales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supralabial Scale
In reptiles, the supralabial scales, also called upper-labials, are those scales that border the mouth opening along the upper jaw. They do not include the median scaleWright AH, Wright AA. 1957. Handbook of Snakes. Comstock Publishing Associates (7th printing, 1985). 1105 pp. . ( rostral scale). The term '' labial'' originates from ''Labium'' (Latin for "lip"), which refers to any lip-like structure. The numbers of these scales present, and sometimes the shapes and sizes, are some of many characteristics used to differentiate species from one another. Related scales * Sublabial scales * Rostral scale * Mental scale See also * Labial scales * Snake scales * Anatomical terms of location Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position ... References {{Reflist Snake scales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothrops Alternatus
:''Common names'': yarará grande, urutu,Campbell JA, Lamar WW. 2004. ''The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere''. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London. 870 pp. 1500 plates. . wutu,Brown JH. 1973. ''Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes''. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73-229. . ''crossed pit viper.U.S. Navy. 1991. ''Poisonous Snakes of the World''. US Govt. New York: Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. .'' ''Bothrops alternatus'' is a highly venomous pit viper species found in South America ( Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina). Within its range, it is an important cause of snakebite. The specific name, ''alternatus'', which is Latin for "alternating", is apparently a reference to the staggered markings along the body. No subspecies are currently recognized. Description Size Large and stout, this terrestrial species reportedly exceeds in total length, although the verified maximum is . Most specimens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothrops Erythromelas
''Bothrops erythromelas'', commonly known as the Caatinga lancehead or the ''jararaca-da-seca'', is a species of venomous snake in the family Viperidae.McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. ''Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1''. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. (series). (volume). It is endemic to Brazil. Etymology The specific name, ''erythromelas'', is from the Ancient Greek words έρυθρός ''(érythrós)'', meaning "red", and μέλας ''(mélas)'', meaning "black", referring to this snakes coloration. Geographic range It is found in the Brazilian states of Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará Ceará (, pronounced locally as or ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the northeastern part of the country, on the Atlantic coast. It is the eighth-largest Brazilian State by population and the 17th by area. It is also one of the ..., Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, and Serg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothrops Itapetiningae
''Bothrops itapetiningae'', or the São Paulo lancehead, is a species of venomous snake in the family Viperidae.McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. ''Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1''. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. (series). (volume). It is endemic to Brazil. Geographic range It is found in the Brazilian states of Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso Mato Grosso ( – lit. "Thick Bush") is one of the states of Brazil, the third largest by area, located in the Central-West region. The state has 1.66% of the Brazilian population and is responsible for 1.9% of the Brazilian GDP. Neighboring ..., Santa Catarina, and São Paulo. The type locality is Itapetininga, a municipality in the State of São Paulo razilBoulenger. 1907. p. 338. References Further reading * Boulenger GA. 1907. Description of a new Pit-Viper from Brazil. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Seventh Series. 20: 338. (''"Lachesis itapet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothrops Neuwiedi
:''Common names: Neuwied's lancehead, Silva VX da (2004). "The ''Bothrops neuwiedi'' complex". ''In'': Campbell JA, Lamar WW (2004). ''The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. 870 pp. 1,500 plates. . ''jararaca pintada''.U.S. Navy (1991). ''Poisonous Snakes of the World''. New York: United States Government/Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. .'' ''Bothrops neuwiedi'' is a highly venomous pit viper species endemic to South America. This relatively small snake has a wide range and is a major source of snakebite in Argentina. It was named after German naturalist Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied (1782-1867), who made important collections in Brazil (1815-1817). Seven subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here. Description Adults of ''B. neuwiedi'' average in total length (including tail), but may grow to as much as . Head scalation includes 7-11 keeled intrasupraoculars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
