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La Guardia Committee
The LaGuardia Committee report was an official scientific report published in 1944 that questioned the prohibition of cannabis in the United States. The report contradicted claims by the U.S. Treasury Department that smoking marijuana Long-term effects of cannabis, deteriorates physical and mental health, assists in criminal behavior and juvenile delinquency, is physically Cannabis addiction, addictive, and is Gateway drug effect, a "gateway" drug to more dangerous drugs. The report was prepared by the New York Academy of Medicine, on behalf of a commission appointed in 1939 by New York Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia, who was a strong opponent of the 1937 Marijuana Tax Act. Sociological conclusions After more than five years of research the members of the committee drew up a catalog of 13 salient points with the conclusions they reached. # Marijuana is used extensively in the Borough of Manhattan but the problem is not as acute as it is reported to be in other sections of the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LaGuardia Report On The Marihuana Problem
LaGuardia Airport ( ) – colloquially known as LaGuardia or simply LGA – is a civil airport in East Elmhurst, Queens, East Elmhurst, Queens, New York City, situated on the North Shore (Long Island), northwestern shore of Long Island, bordering Flushing Bay. Covering , the facility was established in 1929, and began operating as a public airport in 1939. It is named after Fiorello La Guardia, Fiorello H. La Guardia, a former mayor of New York City. The airport accommodates airline service primarily to domestic, but also to limited international destinations. , it was the third-busiest airport in the New York metropolitan area behind John F. Kennedy International Airport, Kennedy and Newark Liberty International Airport, Newark airports, and the List of the busiest airports in the United States, 19th-busiest in the United States by passenger volume. The airport is located directly to the north of the Grand Central Parkway, the airport's primary access highway. While the air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Bureau Of Narcotics
The Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN) was an agency of the United States Department of the Treasury, with the enumerated powers of pursuing crimes related to the possession, distribution, and trafficking of listed narcotics including cannabis, opium, cocaine, and their derivatives. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., the FBN carried out operations and missions around the world. The bureau was in existence from its establishment in 1930 until its dissolution in 1968. FBN is considered a predecessor to the Drug Enforcement Administration. History The FBN was established on June 14, 1930, consolidating the functions of the Federal Narcotics Control Board and the Bureau of Prohibition (BOI) Narcotic Division. These preceding bureaus were established to assume enforcement responsibilities assigned to the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914 and the Jones– Miller Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act of 1922. Levi Nutt The Federal Bureau of Narcotics was the brainchild of Colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drug Control Law In The United States
A drug is any chemical substance other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. Consumption of drugs can be via inhalation, injection, smoking, ingestion, absorption via a patch on the skin, suppository, or dissolution under the tongue. In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders. Classification Pharmaceutical drugs are often classified into drug classes—groups of related drugs that have simila ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabis Research
Cannabis (), commonly known as marijuana (), weed, pot, and ganja, among other names, is a non-chemically uniform psychoactive drug from the ''Cannabis'' plant. Native to Central or South Asia, cannabis has been used as a drug for both recreational and entheogenic purposes and in various traditional medicines for centuries. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main psychoactive component of cannabis, which is one of the 483 known compounds in the plant, including at least 65 other cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabis can be used by smoking, vaporizing, within food, or as an extract. Cannabis has various mental and physical effects, which include euphoria, altered states of mind and sense of time, difficulty concentrating, impaired short-term memory, impaired body movement (balance and fine psychomotor control), relaxation, and an increase in appetite. Onset of effects is felt within minutes when smoked, but may take up to 90 minutes when eaten (as orally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Law Enforcement In The United States
Law enforcement in the United States operates primarily through governmental police agencies. There are 17,985 police agencies in the United States which include local police departments, county sheriff's offices, state troopers, and federal law enforcement agencies. The law enforcement purposes of these agencies are the investigation of suspected criminal activity, referral of the results of investigations to state or federal prosecutors, and the temporary detention of suspected criminals pending judicial action. Law enforcement agencies are also commonly charged with the responsibilities of deterring criminal activity and preventing the successful commission of crimes in progress. Other duties may include the service and enforcement of warrants, writs, and other orders of the courts. In the United States, police are considered an emergency service involved in providing first response to emergencies and other threats to public safety; the protection of certain public fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Emperor Wears No Clothes
''The Emperor Wears No Clothes'' is a non-fiction book written by Jack Herer. Starting in 1973, the story begins when Herer takes the advice of his friend, "Captain" Ed Adair, and begins compiling tidbits of information about the cannabis plant and its numerous uses, including as hemp and as a drug. After a dozen years of collecting and compiling historical data, Herer first published his work as ''The Emperor Wears No Clothes'', in 1985. The twelfth edition was published in November 2010, and the book continues to be cited in Cannabis rescheduling and re-legalization efforts. Since its release in 1985, the book has sold over 800,000 copies worldwide The book, backed by H.E.M.P. (United States), Hanf Haus (Germany), Sensi Seeds/ Hash, Marihuana & Hemp Museum, Amsterdam, (Netherlands), and T.H.C., the Texas Hemp Campaign (United States), offers $100,000 to anyone who can disprove the claims made within. Quoting from the book's back cover: The title of the book alludes to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shafer Commission
The Shafer Commission, formally known as the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, was appointed by U.S. President Richard Nixon in the early 1970s. Its chairman was former Pennsylvania Governor Raymond P. Shafer. The commission issued a report on its findings in 1972 that called for the decriminalization of marijuana possession in the United States. The report was ignored by the White House, but is an important document against prohibition. While the Controlled Substances Act was being drafted in a House committee in 1970, Assistant Secretary of Health Roger O. Egeberg had recommended that marijuana temporarily be placed in Schedule I, the most restrictive category of drugs, pending the Commission's report. On March 22, 1972, the Commission's chairman, Raymond P. Shafer, presented a report to Congress and the public entitled "Marihuana: a Signal of Misunderstanding," which favored ending marijuana prohibition and adopting other methods to discourage use. The rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narcotic Control Act
The ''Narcotic Control Act'' (), passed in 1961, was one of Canada's national drug control statutes prior to its repeal by the 1996 ''Controlled Drugs and Substances Act.'' It implemented the provisions of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. The "narcotics" included in the ''Act'' are drugs such as heroin, cocaine and cannabis. The ''Act'' prohibits activities such as possession of a "narcotic", possession for the purpose of trafficking, cultivating, importing or exporting. Section 3 of the ''Act'' prohibits the possession of the "narcotic". A person is authorized to have a narcotic in his or her possession if he or she requires the narcotic for his business or profession and is a licensed dealer, a pharmacist, or a practitioner who is registered and entitled to practice in the province in which he has such possession. The maximum penalty for possession of narcotics is 7 years' imprisonment. Section 4 of the ''Act'' prohibits the trafficking of a narcotic or the possessi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boggs Act
The Boggs Act of 1951 amended the Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act and set mandatory sentences for drug convictions. A first offense conviction for cannabis possession carried a minimum sentence of 2 to 10 years and a fine of up to $20,000. History The act was sponsored by Hale Boggs, a Louisiana Democrat. On November 2, 1951, Harry S. Truman Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953. As the 34th vice president in 1945, he assumed the presidency upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt that year. Subsequen ... signed the act into law. On January 4, 1952, under the provisions of the act, over 500 people were arrested. References {{reflist 1952 in American law 1952 in the United States 82nd United States Congress Cannabis law in the United States Drug policy of the United States History of drug control in the United States United States federal controlled substances legislation 1952 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Hemp Drugs Commission
The Indian Hemp Drugs Commission Report, completed in 1894, was an Indo-British study of cannabis usage in British India. By 2 March 1893, the House of Commons of the United Kingdom was concerned with the effects of hemp drugs in the province of Bengal, India. The Government of India convened a seven-member commission to look into these questions, commencing their study on 3 July 1893. Lord Kimberley suggested modifying the scope of the investigation to be expanded to include all of India. The report the commission produced was at least 3,281 pages long, with testimony from almost 1,200 "doctors, coolies, yogis, fakirs, heads of lunatic asylums, bhang peasants, tax gatherers, smugglers, army officers, hemp dealers, ganja palace operators and the clergy." A sociological analysis of the report reveals that the commission's visits to asylums all over India helped to undermine the then prevailing belief that consumption of ganja causes insanity. The president of the commission was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Commission On Marihuana And Drug Abuse
The Shafer Commission, formally known as the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, was appointed by U.S. President Richard Nixon in the early 1970s. Its chairman was former Pennsylvania Governor Raymond P. Shafer. The commission issued a report on its findings in 1972 that called for the decriminalization of marijuana possession in the United States. The report was ignored by the White House, but is an important document against prohibition. While the Controlled Substances Act was being drafted in a House committee in 1970, Assistant Secretary of Health Roger O. Egeberg had recommended that marijuana temporarily be placed in Schedule I, the most restrictive category of drugs, pending the Commission's report. On March 22, 1972, the Commission's chairman, Raymond P. Shafer, presented a report to Congress and the public entitled "Marihuana: a Signal of Misunderstanding," which favored ending marijuana prohibition and adopting other methods to discourage use. The rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
