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La Gerbe
''La Gerbe'' (, ''The Sheaf'') was a weekly newspaper of the French collaboration with Nazi Germany during World War II that appeared in Paris from July 1940 till August 1944. Its political-literary line was modeled after ''Candide'' and '' Gringoire'', two right-wing newspapers founded in the interwar period. Founder and editor was the writer Alphonse de Châteaubriant, and chief editor was Marc Augier. Also involved in the management was the German journalist Eitel Moellhausen, who wrote under the pen names Aimé Cassar and Pierre Cousinery.. Gabrielle Storms-Castelot, the mother of André Castelot and mistress of Châteaubriant, was the director's secretary. The first issue of ''La Gerbe'', announced by a huge poster campaign in Paris,. consisted of only four pages. But within three months the publication's size had reached ten pages and its circulation 100,000. In 1943, it sold 140,000 copies. The newspaper's title was taken from Châteaubriant's 1937 naively pro-Hitler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphonse De Châteaubriant
Alphonse Van Bredenbeck de Châteaubriant (; 25 March 1877 – 2 May 1951) was a French writer who won the Prix Goncourt in 1911 for his novel ''Monsieur de Lourdines'' and Grand prix du roman de l'Académie française for '' La Brière'' in 1923. After a visit to Germany in 1935 he became an enthusiastic advocate for Nazism. Along with other Breton nationalists he supported fascist and anti-semitic ideas in opposition to the French state. In 1940 he founded the pro-Nazi weekly newspaper La Gerbe and served as President of the Groupe Collaboration.David Littlejohn, '' The Patriotic Traitors'', Heinemann, 1972, p. 222 During World War II, he was a member of the central committee of the '' Légion des Volontaires Français contre le Bolchévisme'', an organisation founded in 1941 by Fernand de Brinon and Jacques Doriot to recruit volunteers to fight alongside the Germans in the USSR. In 1945 he fled to Austria, where he lived under the alias Dr. Alfred Wolf until his death a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Montandon
George-Alexis Montandon (; 19 April 1879 – 30 August 1944) was a Swiss French anthropologist. He was a proponent of scientific racism prior to World War II. During the German military administration in occupied France during World War II, German occupation of France, he was responsible for the Antisemitism, anti-Semitic exhibition ''Le Juif et la France''. George Montandon helped to perpetuate the hoax of François de Loys, De Loys's ape and fought for it be scientifically recognised as a new species. He was heavily ridiculed for his hypothesis. Today, De Loys's ape is virtually unanimously regarded as a hoax. Ethnologist at the Musée de l'Homme, theoretician of racism, Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, collaborator and anti-Semite, he was one of the guarantors of a so-called "scientific" racism before the Second World War. However, even under Vichy France, Vichy, he and the movement to which he belonged with René Martial remained marginal in the French int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Patriotic Traitors
''The Patriotic Traitors: A History of Collaboration in German-Occupied Europe, 1940–45'' is a book written by David Littlejohn in 1975. It is a history of the Europeans who took part in collaborationism with Nazi Germany. Individual chapters are devoted to Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, France and the Soviet Union. Littlejohn was later critiqued by the Belarusian author Leonid Rein in his work ''The Kings and the Pawns'' for supposedly attributing "all collaboration during World War II to fascist Fascism ( ) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement. It is characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural soci ... and fascist-like parties". See also * Non-Germans in the German armed forces during World War II * Wehrmacht foreign volunteers and conscripts * Waffen-SS foreign volunteers and conscripts References 1972 non-fiction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Groupe Collaboration
The Groupe Collaboration was a French collaborationist group active during the Second World War. Largely eschewing the street politics of many such contemporary groups, it sought to establish cultural links with Nazi Germany and to appeal to the higher echelons of French life. It promoted a "Europeanist" outlook and sought the rebirth of France as part of a pan-European " National Revolution". Development The Groupe was a revival of the '' Comité France-Allemagne'', established in September 1940 by Fernand de Brinon.Littlejohn, p. 222 It eschewed political party status and instead worked towards cultural collaboration with the Germans. To this end it adopted a largely conservative approach and focused on such activities as hosting discussion circles and publishing two journals - ''La Gerbe'' and ''L'Union Francaise''. The initiative had the support of Otto AbetzFiss, p. 201 and was at least partially supported financially by German money.Atkin, p. 142 It was divided into sections ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucien Combelle
Lucien is a male given name. It is the French form of Luciano or Latin ''Lucianus'', patronymic of Lucius. People Given name * Lucien, 3rd Prince Murat (1803–1878), French politician and Prince of Pontecorvo *Lucien, Lord of Monaco (1487–1523) * Lucien of Beauvais, Christian saint *Lucien, a band member of Delta-S * Lucien Bégouin (1908-1998), French politician *Lucien Bonaparte (1775–1840), brother of Napoleon *Lucien Bouchard (born 1938), French-Canadian politician *Lucien Bourjeily, Lebanese writer and director *Lucien Carr (1925–2005), member of the original New York City circle of the Beat Generation * Lucien Dahdah (1929–2003), Lebanese politician *Lucien Macull Dominic de Silva (1893-1962), Sri Lankan Sinhala member of the Privy Council * Lucien Ginsburg (1928–1991), birth name of Serge Gainsbourg *Lucien Greaves (born 1975), social activist and the spokesman and co-founder of The Satanic Temple *Lucien Jack (born 1988), the real name of British singer Ja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Morand
Paul Morand (13 March 1888 – 24 July 1976) was a French author whose short stories and novellas were lauded for their style, wit and descriptive power. His most productive literary period was the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s. He was much admired by the upper echelons of society and the artistic avant-garde who made him a cult favorite. He has been categorized as an early Modernist and Imagist. Morand was a graduate of the Paris Institute of Political Studies, preparing him for a diplomatic career, and also attended Oxford University. A member of the upper class and married into wealth, he held various diplomatic posts and traveled widely. He was typical of those in his social group who enjoyed lives of privilege and entitlement, adhering to the inevitability and desirability of class distinction. Morand espoused a reflexive adherence to several ideologies. His intellectual influences included the writing of Friedrich Nietzsche, Oswald Spengler, and Joseph Arthur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colette
Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (; 28 January 1873 – 3 August 1954), known as Colette or Colette Willy, was a French author and woman of letters. She was also a Mime artist, mime, actress, and journalist. Colette is best known in the English-speaking world for her 1944 novella ''Gigi (novella), Gigi'', which was the basis for the Gigi (1958 film), 1958 film and the Gigi (musical), 1973 stage production of the same name. Her short story collection ''The Tendrils of the Vine'' is also famous in France. Early life Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette was born on 28 January 1873 in the village of Saint-Sauveur-en-Puisaye in the department of Yonne, Burgundy. Her father, Captain Jules-Joseph Colette (1829–1905) was a war hero. He was a Zouave of the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr, Saint-Cyr military school, who had lost a leg at :fr:Bataille de Melegnano, Melegnano in the Second Italian War of Independence. He was awarded a post as tax collector in the village of Saint-Sauveur-en-Puisa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Anouilh
Jean Marie Lucien Pierre Anouilh (; ; 23 June 1910 – 3 October 1987) was a French dramatist and screenwriter whose career spanned five decades. Though his work ranged from high drama to absurdist farce, Anouilh is best known for his 1944 play '' Antigone'', an adaptation of Sophocles' classical drama, that was seen as an attack on Marshal Pétain's Vichy government. His plays are less experimental than those of his contemporaries, having clearly organized plot and eloquent dialogue. One of France's most prolific writers after World War II, much of Anouilh's work deals with themes of maintaining integrity in a world of moral compromise. Life and career Early life Anouilh was born in Cérisole, a small village on the outskirts of Bordeaux, France and had Basque ancestry. His father, François Anouilh, was a tailor, and Anouilh maintained that he inherited from him a pride in conscientious craftmanship. He may owe his artistic bent to his mother, Marie-Magdeleine, a violinist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Aymé
Marcel Aymé (; 29 March 1902 – 14 October 1967) was a French novelist and playwright, who also wrote screenplays and works for children. Biography Marcel André Aymé was born in Joigny, in the Burgundy region of France, the youngest of six children. His father, Joseph, was a blacksmith, and his mother, Emma Monamy, died when he was two years old, after the family had moved to Tours. Marcel was sent to live with his maternal grandparents in the village of Villers-Robert, a place where he would spend the next eight years, and which would serve as the model for the fictitious village of Claquebue in what is perhaps the most well-known of his novels, '' La Jument verte''. In 1906 Marcel entered the local primary school. Because his grandfather was a staunch anti-clerical republican, he was looked down upon by his classmates, many of whose parents held more traditional views. Accordingly, Marcel was not baptized before reaching the age of eight, nearly two years after t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Giono
Jean Giono (30 March 1895 – 8 October 1970) was a French writer who wrote works of fiction mostly set in the Provence region of France. First period Jean Giono was born to a family of modest means, his father a cobbler of Piedmontese descent and his mother a laundry woman. He spent the majority of his life in Manosque, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. Forced by family needs to leave school at the age of sixteen and get a job in a bank, he nevertheless continued to read voraciously, in particular the great classic works of literature including the Bible, Homer's ''Iliad'', the works of Virgil, and the ''Tragiques'' of Agrippa d'Aubigné. He continued to work at the bank until he was called up for military service at the outbreak of World War I. He took part in the Battle of Verdun. The horrors he experienced on the front lines turned him into an ardent and lifelong pacifist. In 1919, he returned to the bank, and a year later, married a childhood friend with whom he had two children. Foll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry De Montherlant
Henry Marie Joseph Frédéric Expedite Millon de Montherlant (; 20 April 1895 – 21 September 1972) was a French essayist, novelist, and dramatist. He was elected to the Académie française in 1960. Biography Born in Paris, a descendant of an aristocratic (yet obscure) Picardy, Picard family, he was educated at the Lycée Janson de Sailly and the Sainte-Croix boarding school at Neuilly-sur-Seine. Henry's father was a hard-line reactionary (to the extent of despising the post-Dreyfus Affair army as too subservient to the Republic, and refusing to have electricity or the telephone installed in his house). His mother, a formerly lively socialite, became chronically ill due to the difficult childbirth, being bedridden most of the time, and dying at the young age of 43. From the age of seven or eight, Henry was enthusiastic about literature and began writing. In 1905 reading ''Quo Vadis (novel), Quo Vadis'' by Henryk Sienkiewicz caused him a lifelong fascination with Ancient R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Brasillach
Robert Brasillach (; 31 March 1909 – 6 February 1945) was a French author and journalist. He was the editor of '' Je suis partout'', a nationalist newspaper which advocated fascist movements and supported Jacques Doriot. After the liberation of France in 1944, he was executed following a trial and Charles de Gaulle's express refusal to grant him a pardon. Brasillach was executed for advocating collaborationism, denunciation and incitement to murder. The execution remains a subject of some controversy, because Brasillach was executed for "intellectual crimes", rather than military or political actions. Biography Robert Brasillach was born in Perpignan on 31 March 1909, the son of Lieutenant Arthémile Brasillach, who served in the colonial regiment of Marshall Lyautey in Morocco, and Marguerite Brasillach, née Redo. He studied at the École normale supérieure, at the time a school of the University of Paris, and then became a novelist and literary critic for the Action franç ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
