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LLTD
Link Layer Topology Discovery (LLTD) is a proprietary link layer protocol for network topology discovery and quality of service diagnostics. Microsoft developed it as part of the Windows Rally set of technologies. The LLTD protocol operates over both wired (such as Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) or power line communication) as well as wireless networks (such as IEEE 802.11). LLTD is included in Windows 7, Windows Vista and Windows 10. It is used by their ''Network Map'' feature to display a graphical representation of the local area network (LAN) or wireless LAN (WLAN), to which the computer is connected. Windows XP does not contain the LLTD protocol as a standard component and as a result, Windows XP computers do not appear on the ''Network Map'' unless the LLTD responder is installed on Windows XP computers. LLTD is available for download for 32-bit editions of Windows XP with Service Pack 2 (as a publicly released update) and for Windows XP with Service Pack 3 (as a hotfix by request). L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windows Rally
Windows Rally is a set of technologies from Microsoft intended to simplify the setup and maintenance of wired and wireless network-connected devices. They aim to increase reliability and security of connectivity for users who connect the devices to the Internet or to computers running Microsoft Windows. These technologies provide control of network quality of service (QoS) and diagnostics for data sharing, communications, and entertainment. Windows Rally technologies provide provisioning for the following devices: * Wireless access points, PCs, and servers * Network printers, projectors, printer bridges, digital still cameras, and game consoles * Digital media receivers, network media players, set-top boxes, digital photo frames, and PDAs Windows Rally technologies Windows Rally includes the following set of technologies: LLTD The Link Layer Topology Discovery (LLTD) protocol enables applications to discover devices and determine network topology. In Windows Vista, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windows Vista Networking Technologies
In computing, Microsoft's Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 introduced in 2007/2008 a new networking stack named Next Generation TCP/IP stack, to improve on the previous stack in several ways. The stack includes native implementation of IPv6, as well as a complete overhaul of IPv4. The new TCP/IP stack uses a new method to store configuration settings that enables more dynamic control and does not require a computer restart after a change in settings. The new stack, implemented as a dual-stack model, depends on a strong Host model (networking), host-model and features an infrastructure to enable more modular components that one can dynamically insert and remove. Architecture The Next Generation TCP/IP stack connects to Network Interface Card, NICs via a Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) driver. The network stack, implemented in tcpip.sys implements the Transport layer, Transport, Network layer, Network and Data link layer, Data link layers of the TCP/IP model. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Link Layer
In computer networking, the link layer is the lowest layer in the Internet protocol suite, the networking architecture of the Internet. The link layer is the group of methods and communications protocols confined to the link that a host is physically connected to. The link is the physical and logical network component used to interconnect hosts or nodes in the network and a link protocol is a suite of methods and standards that operate only between adjacent network nodes of a network segment. Despite the different semantics of layering between the Internet protocol suite and OSI model, the link layer is sometimes described as a combination of the OSI's data link layer (layer 2) and physical layer (layer 1). The link layer is described in and . RFC 1122 considers local area network protocols such as Ethernet and other IEEE 802 networks (e.g. Wi-Fi), and framing protocols such as Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) to belong to the link layer. Definition in standards and textbooks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Protocol
The Internet Protocol (IP) is the network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet. IP has the task of delivering Packet (information technology), packets from the source Host (network), host to the destination host solely based on the IP addresses in the packet Header (computing), headers. For this purpose, IP defines packet structures that encapsulation (networking), encapsulate the data to be delivered. It also defines addressing methods that are used to label the datagram with source and destination information. IP was the connectionless datagram service in the original ''Transmission Control Program'' introduced by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn in 1974, which was complemented by a connection-oriented service that became the basis for the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). The Internet protocol suite is therefore often referre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Service Discovery
Service discovery is the process of automatically detecting devices and services on a computer network. It aims to reduce the manual configuration effort required from users and administrators. A service discovery protocol (SDP) is a network protocol that helps accomplish service discovery. Service discovery requires a common language to allow software agents to make use of one another's services without the need for continuous user intervention. Protocols There are many service discovery protocols, including: * Bluetooth Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) * Bonjour, e.g., Apple AirPrint * DNS Service Discovery (DNS-SD), a component of zero-configuration networking * DNS, as used for example in Kubernetes * Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP); its classification as a service discovery protocol is controversial * Internet Storage Name Service (iSNS) * Jini for Java objects. * Lightweight Service Discovery (LSD), for mobile ad hoc networks * Link Layer Discovery P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simple Network Management Protocol
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an Internet Standard protocol for collecting and organizing information about managed devices on IP networks and for modifying that information to change device behavior. Devices that typically support SNMP include cable modems, routers, network switches, servers, workstations, printers, and more. SNMP is widely used in network management for network monitoring. SNMP exposes management data in the form of variables on the managed systems organized in a management information base (MIB), which describes the system status and configuration. These variables can then be remotely queried (and, in some circumstances, manipulated) by managing applications. Three significant versions of SNMP have been developed and deployed. SNMPv1 is the original version of the protocol. More recent versions, SNMPv2c and SNMPv3, feature improvements in performance, flexibility and security. SNMP is a component of the Internet Protocol Suite as def ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPAN
The Comprehensive Perl Archive Network (CPAN) is a software repository of over 220,000 software modules and accompanying documentation for 45,500 distributions, written in the Perl programming language by over 14,500 contributors. ''CPAN'' can denote either the archive network or the Perl program that acts as an interface to the network and as an automated software installer (somewhat like a package manager). Most software on CPAN is free and open source software. History CPAN was conceived in 1993 and has been active online since October 1995. It is based on the CTAN model and began as a place to unify the structure of scattered Perl archives. Role Like many programming languages, Perl has mechanisms to use external libraries of code, making one file contain common routines used by several programs. Perl calls these ''modules''. Perl modules are typically installed in one of several directories whose paths are placed in the Perl interpreter when it is first compiled; on Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perl
Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Though Perl is not officially an acronym, there are various backronyms in use, including "Practical Extraction and Reporting Language". Perl was developed by Larry Wall in 1987 as a general-purpose Unix scripting language to make report processing easier. Since then, it has undergone many changes and revisions. Perl originally was not capitalized and the name was changed to being capitalized by the time Perl 4 was released. The latest release is Perl 5, first released in 1994. From 2000 to October 2019 a sixth version of Perl was in development; the sixth version's name was changed to Raku. Both languages continue to be developed independently by different development teams which liberally borrow ideas from each other. Perl borrows features from other programming languages including C, sh, AWK, and sed. It provides text processing facilities without the arbitrary data-length limits of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linux
Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, packaged as a Linux distribution (distro), which includes the kernel and supporting system software and library (computing), libraries—most of which are provided by third parties—to create a complete operating system, designed as a clone of Unix and released under the copyleft GPL license. List of Linux distributions, Thousands of Linux distributions exist, many based directly or indirectly on other distributions; popular Linux distributions include Debian, Fedora Linux, Linux Mint, Arch Linux, and Ubuntu, while commercial distributions include Red Hat Enterprise Linux, SUSE Linux Enterprise, and ChromeOS. Linux distributions are frequently used in server platforms. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royalty Free
Royalty-free (RF) material subject to copyright or other intellectual property rights may be used without the need to pay royalties or license fees for each use, per each copy or volume sold or some time period of use or sales. Computer standards Many computer industry standards, especially those developed and submitted by industry consortiums or individual companies, involve royalties for the actual implementation of these standards. These royalties are typically charged on a "per port"/"per device" basis, where the manufacturer of end-user devices has to pay a small fixed fee for each device sold, and also include a substantial annual fixed fee. With millions of devices sold each year, the royalties can amount to several millions of dollars, which is a significant burden for the manufacturer. Examples of such royalties-based standards include IEEE 1394, HDMI, and H.264/MPEG-4 AVC. Royalty-free standards do not include any "per-port" or "per-volume" charges or annual payments fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fully Qualified Domain Name
A fully qualified domain name (FQDN), sometimes also called an absolute domain name, is a domain name that specifies its exact location in the tree hierarchy of the Domain Name System (DNS). It specifies all domain levels, including the top-level domain and the root zone. A fully qualified domain name is distinguished by its unambiguous DNS zone location in the hierarchy of DNS labels: it can be interpreted only in one way. Definition A fully qualified domain name is conventionally written as a list of domain labels separated using the full stop "" character (''dot'' or ''period''). The top of the hierarchy in an FQDN begins with the rightmost label. For instance, in the FQDN , is a label directly under the root zone, is nested under , and finally is nested under . The topmost layer of every domain name is the DNS root zone, which is expressed as an empty label and can be represented in an FQDN with a trailing dot, such as . A trailing dot is generally implied and often om ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IPv6
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communication protocol, communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet. IPv6 was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to deal with the long-anticipated problem of IPv4 address exhaustion, and was intended to replace IPv4. In December 1998, IPv6 became a Draft Standard for the IETF, which subsequently ratified it as an Internet Standard on 14 July 2017. Devices on the Internet are assigned a unique IP address for identification and location definition. With the rapid growth of the Internet after commercialization in the 1990s, it became evident that far more addresses would be needed to connect devices than the 4,294,967,296 (232) IPv4 address space had available. By 1998, the IETF had formalized the successor protocol, IPv6 which uses 128-bit addresses, theoretically all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
