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LC-15
Launch Complex 15 (LC-15) is an inactive launch pad located at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida. One of the eight pads that comprises Missile Row, it was originally built for and used by ICBM tests for the HGM-25A Titan I and LGM-25C Titan II programs throughout the early 1960s. Additionally, it was leased out to ABL Space Systems in order to support launches of their RS1 rocket. Following ABL's shift away from private spaceflight and renaming to Long Wall, the current status of LC-15 is not known. History Launch Complex 15 originally broke ground in 1957, as part of an expansion by the United States Air Force to Missile Row, which would give it the ability to launch the HGM-25A Titan I alongside the four existing SM-65 Atlas pads. LC-15 was built as the southernmost of the four Titan pads of the subsection, joined by LC-16, LC-19, and LC-20 to the north. The pad's construction saw its completion in summer 1958, and hosted its inaugural launch with the Titan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS) is an installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida. Headquartered at the nearby Patrick Space Force Base, the station is the primary launch site for the Space Force's Eastern RangeCAST 1999, p. 1-12. with four launch pads currently active (Space Launch Complexes 36, 40, 41 and 46). The facility is south-southeast of NASA's Kennedy Space Center on adjacent Merritt Island, with the two linked by bridges and causeways. The Cape Canaveral Space Force Station Skid Strip provides a runway close to the launch complexes for military airlift aircraft delivering heavy and outsized payloads to the Cape. A number of American space exploration pioneers were launched from CCSFS, including the first U.S. Earth satellite (1958), first U.S. astronaut (1961), first U.S. astronaut in orbit (1962), first two-man U.S. spacecraft (1965), first U.S. uncrewed lu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LGM-25C Titan II
The Titan II was an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) developed by the Glenn L. Martin Company from the earlier HGM-25A Titan I, Titan I missile. Titan II was originally designed and used as an ICBM, but was later adapted as a Medium-lift launch vehicle, medium-lift space launch vehicle (these adaptations were designated Titan II GLV and Titan 23G) to carry payloads to Earth orbit for the United States Air Force (USAF), NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Those payloads included the USAF Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), NOAA weather satellites, and NASA's Project Gemini, Gemini crewed space capsules. The modified Titan II SLVs (Space Launch Vehicles) were launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, up until 2003. Titan II missile Part of the Titan (rocket family), Titan rocket family, the Titan II ICBM was the successor to the Titan I, with double the payload ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 20
Space Launch Complex 20 (SLC-20) is a launch site at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida. It is the northernmost launchpad in Missile Row, located at the northern terminus of ICBM Road between Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 19, Launch Complex 19 and Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 34, Launch Complex 34. Originally designated as Launch Complex 20 (LC-20) by the United States Air Force, SLC-20 was historically built for launching the HGM-25A Titan I in Intercontinental ballistic missile, ICBM tests, and subsequently saw use by the Titan IIIA and various Sounding rocket, sounding rockets. The pad is currently leased to Firefly Aerospace for future use by their Firefly Alpha and Eclipse (rocket), Eclipse launch vehicles. History Launch Complex 20 was constructed by the United States Air Force in the late 1950s for the Titan I missile program, alongside Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 19, LC-19, Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 16, LC-16, and LC-15 to the south. The pad saw use in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Missile Row
"Missile Row" was a nickname given in the 1960s to the eight SM-65 Atlas and HGM-25A Titan I launch complexes at the middle area of Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, historically used by the United States Air Force and NASA, namely LC-11 to LC-16, as well as LC-19 and LC-20. Operated by the 45th Space Wing since 1949, it was the site of all fourteen Mercury-Atlas and Gemini launches, as well as many other early missile tests, Department of Defense launches, and NASA launches. Missile Row and Cape Canaveral played a secondary role to Vandenberg Air Force Base (now Space Force Base) in California for DoD launches, but it was used by many NASA launches of unmanned space probes, thanks to said spacecraft being typically launched on military vehicles. By the late 1960s and early 1970s, Missile Row gradually stopped being used thanks in part to the Atlas and Titan I's retirements as ICBMs in favor of the LGM-25C Titan II and LGM-30 Minuteman, both of which had their missile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 19
Launch Complex 19 (LC-19) is a deactivated launch site on Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida. One of the eight pads considered part of Missile Row, it is most famous for being used as part of Project Gemini, being the launch site of all ten crewed missions in 1965 and 1966. Additionally, it was used for tests of the HGM-25A Titan I in the late 1950s and early 1960s. History Launch Complex 19 was originally built from 1957 to 1959 for the United States Air Force as part of the Titan I missile program, being used for test launches alongside LC-20 to the north and LC-15 and LC-16 to the south. The first launch out of the complex was made on August 14, 1959, when a Titan I exploded on the pad thanks to a premature engine shutdown after liftoff. This extensively damaged LC-19, which took a few months to repair before the first successful flight occurred on February 2, 1960. Going from 1959 to 1962, the complex saw a total of 15 launches of the Titan I, all of them being s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HGM-25A Titan I
The Martin Marietta SM-68A/HGM-25A Titan I was the United States' first multistage intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), in use from 1959 until 1962. Though the SM-68A was operational for only three years, it spawned numerous follow-on models that were a part of the U.S. arsenal and space launch capability. The Titan I was unique among the Titan models in that it used liquid oxygen and RP-1 as propellants; all subsequent versions used storable propellants instead. Originally designed as a backup in case the U.S. Air Force's SM-65 Atlas missile development ran into problems, the Titan was ultimately beaten into service by Atlas. Deployment went ahead anyway to more rapidly increase the number of missiles on alert and because the Titan's missile silo basing was more survivable than Atlas. The succeeding LGM-25C Titan II served in the U.S. nuclear deterrent until 1987 and had increased capacity and range in addition to the different propellants. History By January 1955, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 13
Launch Complex 13 (LC-13), located at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, was the third-most southerly of the original launch complex, launch complexes known as Missile Row, lying between Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 12, LC-12 and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14, LC-14. In 2015, the LC-13 site was leased by SpaceX and was renovated for use as Landing Zones 1 and 2, Landing Zone 1 and Landing Zone 2, the company's East Coast landing location for returning Falcon 9 Full Thrust, Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launch vehicle booster stages. It is leased by US Space Force to Phantom Space and Vaya Space who will operate this launch complex after the termination of SpaceX's lease in future. LC-13 was originally used for test launches of the SM-65 Atlas and subsequently for operational Atlas launches from 1958 to 1978. It was the most-used and longest-serving of the original four Atlas pads.The original four Atlas pads were Cape Canaveral Air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 16
Launch Complex 16 (LC-16) is a launch pad site located at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida. Part of the Missile Row lineup of launch pads, it was originally built for use by LGM-25 Titan missiles in the early 1960s, a variety of NASA functions in the late 1960s, and later saw tests of MGM-31 Pershing missiles in the 1970s and 1980s. Currently, LC-16 is leased to Relativity Space for future use by their Terran R launch vehicle. History LC-16 was originally built by the United States Air Force in the late 1950s as a way to test launches of their HGM-25A Titan I ICBMs, complementing LC-15 to the south and LC-19 and LC-20 to the north in accomplishing that task. Six Titan I missiles were launched from the complex between December 1959 and May 1960. These were followed by seven LGM-25C Titan II missiles, starting with the type's maiden flight on March 16, 1962. The last Titan II launch from LC-16 was conducted on May 29, 1963. Following the end of its involvement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liquid Oxygen
Liquid oxygen, sometimes abbreviated as LOX or LOXygen, is a clear cyan liquid form of dioxygen . It was used as the oxidizer in the first liquid-fueled rocket invented in 1926 by Robert H. Goddard, an application which is ongoing. Physical properties Liquid oxygen has a clear cyan color and is strongly paramagnetic: it can be suspended between the poles of a powerful horseshoe magnet. Liquid oxygen has a density of , slightly denser than liquid water, and is cryogenic with a freezing point of and a boiling point of at . Liquid oxygen has an expansion ratio of 1:861 and because of this, it is used in some commercial and military aircraft as a transportable source of breathing oxygen. Because of its cryogenic nature, liquid oxygen can cause the materials it touches to become extremely brittle. Liquid oxygen is also a very powerful oxidizing agent: organic materials will burn rapidly and energetically in liquid oxygen. Further, if soaked in liquid oxygen, some materials su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phantom Space Corporation
Phantom Space Corporation is an American space transportation and rocket manufacturing startup based in Tucson, Arizona. Company history Phantom Space Corporation was founded in 2019 by Jim Cantrell and Michael D'Angelo. Chris Thompson, the second employee at SpaceX and ten-year veteran, joined Phantom Space in October of 2021 as Chief Technology Officer in charge of launch and satellite system development. In May 2021, Phantom acquired StratSpace, a satellite program designer and manager founded by Cantrell in 2000. The acquisition made Phantom Space the first 100% U.S.-based satellite supply chain in its effort to mass produce rockets on a large scale. In August 2021, the company acquired space systems developer Micro Aerospace Solutions (MAS) operating out of Melbourne, Florida. In 2023, Phantom signed an agreement with Equatorial Launch Australia (ELA) to collaborate on missions at the Arnhem Space Centre in Arnhem Land, a remote location in the Northern Territory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stoke Space
Stoke Space Technologies is an American Private spaceflight, space launch company based in the Seattle suburb of Kent, Washington. History The company was founded by a group of former Blue Origin and SpaceX employees. In May 2020, the company won a $225,000 SBIR Phase I grant from the National Science Foundation to work on an integrated propulsion solution for reusable rocket upper stages. In February 2021, the company raised $9.1 million in seed funding in a round led by venture funds NFX Guild and MaC Venture Capital. In December 2021, the company raised $65 million in a Series A round led by Breakthrough Energy Ventures, funding development and testing of the upper stage of a reusable launch vehicle. In 2022, the company created a prototype of their second stage engine ring. Their prototype had at least 22 static fires in total. In 2023, Stoke Space had an interview with Tim Dodd (also known as The Everyday Astronaut), wherein the CEO Andy Lapsa revealed their plan to cre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
