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Kureinji
The Kureinji, otherwise known as the Keramin, are an Aboriginal group whose traditional lands are located in south-west New South Wales, Australia, along the north side of the Murray River, roughly between today's settlements of Euston and Wentworth. Language Kureinji was one of 35 languages spoken in this area of south-western New South Wales, around and north of the border with Victoria. Linguistically, the people were part of the Lower Murray Areal group, and with Yitayita and Dadi Dadi forms a distinct subfamily. Country According to ethnologist Norman Tindale, the traditional lands of the Kureinji embraced some of territory, running in good part along the northern banks of the Murray River, ranging from the vicinity of Euston to Wentworth downstream. Across the river from the Kureinji, Mildura, which is in Latjilatji tribal land, was first settled by Europeans in 1847. Kemendok National Park is part of their traditional land, and traces of their habitation re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kureinji Language
Kureinji is an extinct language of southwest New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South .... It is also called Keramin and Kemendok, though it is not clear if these are dialects or synonyms. ''Keramin'' is also spelled ''Karin, Kerinma, Karinma, Karingma, Keramin;'' other names are ''Orangema, Pintwa''. Horgen suggests that ''Yerreyerre'' is another name for Keramin, but this name may refer to other languages. References Lower Murray languages {{ia-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euston, New South Wales
Euston is a small town on the banks of the Murray River, in far south-western New South Wales, Australia. It is in the Balranald Shire. The twin town of Robinvale is on the other side of the river, in the state of Victoria. At the , Euston had a population of 822 people. Until the irrigation development at Robinvale, Euston was the main town in the area. A post office opened on 1 May 1852, closed in 1853, then reopened in 1856. History For tens of thousands of years before European colonisation, a number of Aboriginal clans inhabited the area around Euston, principally the Kureinji people. There are many remnants of Aboriginal occupation and use of the land, including scar trees, fire hearths, flaked stone artefacts, burial sites and middens. In 1830, the exploring party led by Charles Sturt became the first Europeans to traverse the general country. In 1876, the settlement at Euston was described in the following terms: Euston is a crossing-place for sheep and cattle. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jitajita
The Jitajita, otherwise spelt ''Yitayita,'' are an indigenous Australian people of southern New South Wales. Language The Yitayita spoke one of the languages of the lower Murray river group that included Dadi Dadi and Kureinji, and is distinctive for the large number of monosyllables in its vocabulary. Name The tribal name Jitajita is a reduplicative endonym formed from their word for 'no' (''jita''). Numerous tribes in the area defined themselves in terms of the negative used. Early ethnographers marveled at the variety of words for 'no' among the Riverine tribes, as an index of the differences in their languages. Peter Beveridge remarked: Each tribes possesses a ''gnalla wattow'' or postman, who can speak and understand the dialects of all the tribes within a radius of 150 miles. The persons of these officials are held sacred, even by tribes which are at feud with their own: they therefore negotiate all matters of barter and trade policy. Country The Jitajita lands covered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Australians
Indigenous Australians are people with familial heritage from, or recognised membership of, the various ethnic groups living within the territory of contemporary Australia prior to History of Australia (1788–1850), British colonisation. They consist of two distinct groups, which include many ethnic groups: the Aboriginal Australians of the mainland and many islands, including Aboriginal Tasmanians, Tasmania, and the Torres Strait Islanders of the seas between Queensland and Papua New Guinea, located in Melanesia. 812,728 people Aboriginality, self-identified as being of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin in the 2021 Australian Census, representing 3.2% of the total population of Australia. Of these Indigenous Australians, 91.4% identified as Aboriginal, 4.2% identified as Torres Strait Islander, and 4.4% identified with both groups. The term Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples or the person's specific cultural group, is often preferred, though the term ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scar Tree
A scarred tree or scar tree, also known as a canoe tree and shield tree, is a tree which has had bark removed by Aboriginal Australians for the creation of bark canoes, shelters, weapons such as shields, tools, traps, containers (such as coolamons), or other artefacts. Carved trees may also be created as a form of artistic and spiritual expression by some Aboriginal peoples, to mark sites of significance such as burial sites. Trees in some areas are culturally modified in other ways that change their form, including "trees-in-trees". Description Bark was removed by making deep cuts in a tree with a stone pickaxe or other similar tool. The area of bark removed is typically regular in shape, often with parallel sides and slightly pointed or rounded ends, and the scar usually stops above ground level. Australian native Eucalypt species such as box and red gum (especially in Victoria), swamp mahogany, river box, or whichever species are native in the area. Scars remain in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ANU Press
ANU Press (or Australian National University Press; originally ANU E Press) is a new university press (NUP) that publishes open-access books, textbooks and journals. It was established in 2004 to explore and enable new modes of scholarly publishing. In 2014, ANU E Press changed its name to ANU Press to reflect the changes the publication industry had seen since its foundation. History ANU Press was Australia's first primarily electronic academic publisher. ANU Press justified its foundation by mentioning the desire to publish scholarly works that would not necessarily gain profit, and the belief that online publishing was a viable alternative to traditional academic publishing that overcame the inaccessibility, costs, and requirements for setup that were inherent in traditional publishing. Activities ANU Press produces on average 50–60 fully peer-reviewed research publications each year, and maintains a website featuring over 700 recent and back-list titles. It is recog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Office Of Environment And Heritage (New South Wales)
The New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH), a former Government department, division of the Government of New South Wales between April 2011 and July 2019, was responsible for the care and protection of the environment and heritage, which includes the natural environment, Aboriginal country, culture and heritage, and built heritage in New South Wales, Australia. The OEH supported the community, business and government in protecting, strengthening and making the most of a healthy environment and economy within the state. The OEH was part of the Department of Planning and Environment (New South Wales), Department of Planning and Environment cluster and managed national parks and nature reserve, reserves. Following the 2019 New South Wales state election, 2019 state election, the agency was abolished and most functions of the agency were assumed by the Department of Planning, Industry and Environment with effect from 1 July 2019. The heritage functions were ass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aboriginal History
''Aboriginal History'' is an annual peer review, peer-reviewed academic journal published as an open access journal by Aboriginal History Inc. and ANU Press. It was established in 1977 (co-founded and edited by Diane Barwick) and covers interdisciplinary historical studies in the field of the interactions between Aboriginal Australians, Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islanders, Torres Strait Islander peoples and non-Indigenous peoples. Scope The journal's scope includes the areas of Australian Indigenous history and oral histories, languages, biographies, bibliographic guides and archival research. It has also brought previously unpublished manuscripts and research in the fields of archaeology of Australia, Australian archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, demography, sociology, law and geography to the professional and wider public. A focus on cultural, political and economic history is complemented by critiques of current events of relevance to Aboriginal and Torres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press was the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted a letters patent by King Henry VIII in 1534, it was the oldest university press in the world. Cambridge University Press merged with Cambridge Assessment to form Cambridge University Press and Assessment under Queen Elizabeth II's approval in August 2021. With a global sales presence, publishing hubs, and offices in more than 40 countries, it published over 50,000 titles by authors from over 100 countries. Its publications include more than 420 academic journals, monographs, reference works, school and university textbooks, and English language teaching and learning publications. It also published Bibles, runs a bookshop in Cambridge, sells through Amazon, and has a conference venues business in Cambridge at the Pitt Building and the Sir Geoffrey Cass Sports and Social Centre. It also served as the King's Printer. Cambridge University Press, as part of the University of Cambridge, was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Murray Black
George Murray Black (28 February 1874 – 2 November 1965) was an Anglo-Australian pastoralist and prolific graverobber of Indigenous Australian burial sites, who ransacked around 1,800 graves along the Murray River and elsewhere. Early life Black was born in 1874 at Tarwin Meadows in South Gippsland. His father, George Black, was the main pioneer British colonist of the Tarwin area who established a large pastoral property called Tarwin Meadows. The term Tarwin is derived from the name of the Aboriginal clan who resided in the area before British invasion. Black's mother was Isabella Watson, daughter of the pioneer British colonist of the Walwa region, Sidney Grandison Watson. Black was educated at the University of Melbourne where he graduated with a Bachelor of Civil Engineering in 1901. In June 1918, he married Eleanor Jane McMicking. Graverobbing and bone collecting Early collecting A strong history of collecting the possessions and bones of Indigenous Australians exi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Sturt
Charles Napier Sturt (28 April 1795 – 16 June 1869) was a British officer and explorer of Australia, and part of the European land exploration of Australia, European exploration of Australia. He led several expeditions into the interior of the continent, starting from Sydney and later from Adelaide. His expeditions traced several of the westward-flowing rivers, establishing that they all merged into the Murray River, which flows into the Southern Ocean. He was searching to prove his own passionately held belief that an "Inland sea (geology), inland sea" was located at the Centre points of Australia, centre of the continent. He reached the rank of Captain (British Army and Royal Marines), Captain, served in several appointed posts, and on the Legislative Council. Born to British parents in the Bengal Presidency, Sturt was educated in England for a time as a child and youth. He was placed in the British Army because his father was not wealthy enough to pay for Cambridge. After as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Midden
A midden is an old dump for domestic waste. It may consist of animal bones, human excrement, botanical material, mollusc shells, potsherds, lithics (especially debitage), and other artifacts and ecofacts associated with past human occupation. These features provide a useful resource for archaeologists who wish to study the diets and habits of past societies. Middens with damp, anaerobic conditions can even preserve organic remains in deposits as the debris of daily life are tossed on the pile. Each individual toss will contribute a different mix of materials depending upon the activity associated with that particular toss. During the course of deposition sedimentary material is deposited as well. Different mechanisms, from wind and water to animal digs, create a matrix which can also be analysed to provide seasonal and climatic information. In some middens individual dumps of material can be discerned and analysed. Shells A shell midden or shell mound is an arc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
