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Kujdanowiaspis
''Kujdanowiaspis'' is an extinct genus of actinolepid placoderm from the Early Devonian of Nyrkiv, Ukraine and Poland. As an actinolepid, it is among the most basal of all placoderms. ''Kujdanowiaspis'' is only known from many well-preserved fragmentary head shield and skull fossils. After revising the genus in 2010, Dupret left three species within the genus: ''K. buczacziensis'', ''K. podolica'' and possibly also ''K. zychi''. Description Because of the consistently poor preservation of ''Kujdanowiaspis'' fossils, little is known about its physiology. What is known about it is typical of Actinolepid placoderms, and it could be compared to the better known primitive arthrodires such as ''Dicksonosteus'' or '' Actinolepis''. It had a very pronounced, serrated spinal plate, giving it an almost lunate dorsal silhouette. Its body is wide and flat, suggesting a benthic lifestyle. Its jaws were comparatively underdeveloped in comparison to the more robust-jawed arthrodires that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kudjanowiaspis Fossil
''Kujdanowiaspis'' is an extinct genus of actinolepid placoderm from the Early Devonian of Nyrkiv, Ukraine and Poland. As an actinolepid, it is among the most basal of all placoderms. ''Kujdanowiaspis'' is only known from many well-preserved fragmentary head shield and skull fossils. After revising the genus in 2010, Dupret left three species within the genus: ''K. buczacziensis'', ''K. podolica'' and possibly also ''K. zychi''. Description Because of the consistently poor preservation of ''Kujdanowiaspis'' fossils, little is known about its physiology. What is known about it is typical of Actinolepid placoderms, and it could be compared to the better known primitive arthrodires such as ''Dicksonosteus'' or '' Actinolepis''. It had a very pronounced, serrated spinal plate, giving it an almost lunate dorsal silhouette. Its body is wide and flat, suggesting a benthic lifestyle. Its jaws were comparatively underdeveloped in comparison to the more robust-jawed arthrodires that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthrodires
Arthrodira (Greek for "jointed neck") is an order of extinct armored, jawed fishes of the class Placodermi that flourished in the Devonian period before their sudden extinction, surviving for about 50 million years and penetrating most marine ecological niches. Arthrodires were the largest and most diverse of all groups of Placoderms. Description Arthrodire placoderms are notable for the movable joint between armor surrounding their heads and bodies. Like all placoderms, they lacked distinct teeth; instead, they used the sharpened edges of a bony plate on their jawbone as a biting surface. The eye sockets are protected by a bony ring, a feature shared by birds and some ichthyosaurs. Early arthrodires, such as the genus '' Arctolepis'', were well-armoured fishes with flattened bodies. The largest member of this group, '' Dunkleosteus'', was a true superpredator of the latest Devonian period, reaching as much as 6 m in length. In contrast, the long-nosed '' Rolfosteus'' measured j ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Actinolepidae
Actinolepidae is an extinct family of placoderm fishes which lived during the Early Devonian period. They are considered to be among the most primitive of the arthrodires, and are widely accepted to be phylogenetically basal to the group. Description The bodies of Actinolepids are wide and flat, suggesting that most members of this family were benthic fish. Their jaws were comparatively underdeveloped in comparison to the more robust-jawed arthrodires that would come after them, such as ''Dunkleosteus'' and ''Coccosteus ''Coccosteus'' (from el, κόκκος , 'berry' and el, ὀστέον 'bone') is an extinct genus of arthrodire placoderm from the Devonian period. Its fossils have been found throughout Europe and North America. The majority of these have b ...'', indicating that it likely subsisted primarily on smaller, softer-bodied animals such as mollusks or worms instead of larger, tougher prey animals. References External links * Devonian placoderms A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acanthaspis
''Acanthaspis'' is a genus of assassin bugs. Members of the genus are known to disguise themselves by attaching bits of debris to aid in camouflage. Partial species list *''Acanthaspis alagiriensis'' Murugan & Livingstone, 1994 *''Acanthaspis angularis'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1859 *''Acanthaspis annulicornis'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1874 *''Acanthaspis apicata'' William Lucas Distant, Distant, 1903 *''Acanthaspis biguttula'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1863 *''Acanthaspis bistillata'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1858 *''Acanthaspis bombayensis'' William Lucas Distant, Distant, 1909 *''Acanthaspis carinata'' Murugan & Livingstone, 1994 *''Acanthaspis cincticrus'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1859 *''Acanthaspis concinnula'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1863 *''Acanthaspis coprologus'' (Annandale, 1906) *''Acanthaspis coranodes'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1874 *''Acanthaspis flavipes'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1855 *''Acanthaspis fulvipes'' (Dallas, 1850) *''Acanthaspis gulo'' Carl Stål, Stål, 1863 *''Acanthaspis helluo'' Carl Stål, St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devonian
The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant adaptive radiation of life on dry land occurred during the Devonian. Free-sporing vascular plants began to spread across dry land, forming extensive forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared. The arthropod groups of myriapods, arachnids and hexapods also became well-established early in this period, after starting their expansion to land at least from the Ordovician period. Fish reached substantial diversity during this time, leading the Devonian to often be dubbed the Age of Fishes. The placoderms began domina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is divided into Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, seventh largest EU country, covering a combined area of . It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordering seven countries. The territory is characterised by a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and Temperate climate, temperate transitional climate. The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Humans have been present on Polish soil since the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Glacial Period over 12,000 years ago. Culturally diverse throughout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devonian Placoderms
The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant adaptive radiation of life on dry land occurred during the Devonian. Free-sporing vascular plants began to spread across dry land, forming extensive forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared. The arthropod groups of myriapods, arachnids and hexapods also became well-established early in this period, after starting their expansion to land at least from the Ordovician period. Fish reached substantial diversity during this time, leading the Devonian to often be dubbed the Age of Fishes. The placoderms began domi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coccosteus
''Coccosteus'' (from el, κόκκος , 'berry' and el, ὀστέον 'bone') is an extinct genus of arthrodire placoderm from the Devonian period. Its fossils have been found throughout Europe and North America. The majority of these have been found in freshwater sediments, though such a large range suggests that they may have been able to enter saltwater. The largest specimens were about , although the average length was . Description Like all other arthrodires, ''Coccosteus'' had a joint between the armor of the body and skull. It also had an internal joint between its neck vertebrae and the back of the skull, allowing for the mouth to be opened even wider. Along with the longer jaws, this allowed ''Coccosteus'' to feed on fairly large prey. The up-and-down movement of the skull also allowed for more water to be pumped through the gills. Possibly, the creature supplemented its diet with organic material filtered from mud using the gills. As with all other arthrodires, ''Cocc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dunkleosteus
''Dunkleosteus'' is an extinct genus of large armored, jawed fishes that existed during the Late Devonian period, about 382–358 million years ago. It consists of ten species, some of which are among the largest placoderms to have ever lived: ''D. terrelli'', ''D. belgicus'', ''D. denisoni'', ''D. marsaisi'', ''D. magnificus'', ''D. missouriensis'', ''D. newberryi'', ''D. amblyodoratus'', and ''D. raveri''. The largest and most well known species is ''D. terrelli'', which grew up to long and in weight. ''Dunkleosteus'' could quickly open and close its jaw, like modern-day suction feeders, and had a bite force of at the tip and at the blade edge. Numerous fossils of the various species have been found in North America, Poland, Belgium, and Morocco. Etymology ''Dunkleosteus'' was named in 1956 to honour David Dunkle (1911–1982), former curator of vertebrate paleontology at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. The genus name ''Dunkleosteus'' combines David Dunkle's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
