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Krzysztof Chodkiewicz
Krzysztof Chodkiewicz or Kristupas Chodkevičius (Katkevičius) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman ( szlachcic). History Chodkiewicz held the title of Great Standard Bearer of Lithuania (). In 1610, he was named Master of the Horse of Lithuania. In 1623, Castellan of Trakai, and in 1633, Castellan of Vilnius, in 1636, Voivode of Vilnius Voivodeship. Finally in 1642, he became Starost (Grodzki) of Babruysk, Kreva and held the deeds to Biala and Wiszniewo. During the Polish–Swedish War, he participated in the siege of Pärnu, which started on February 28, 1601, under the command of his cousin, Jan Karol Chodkiewicz. He also took part in the Polish–Muscovite War, as a pułkownik (colonel) of the Lisowczyk regiment until March 28, 1617. In 1616, a regiment under his command captured and burned Kursk and several smaller cities. He was also a participant in the Battle of Bołchow. See also * Chodkiewicz family *Lithuanian nobility The Lithuanian nobility () or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chodkiewicz
The House of Chodkiewicz (; ) was one of the most influential Szlachta, noble families of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Lithuanian-Ruthenians, Ruthenian descent within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th and 17th century.Chester S. L. Dunning, Caryl Emerson, Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin, ''The Uncensored Boris Godunov'', Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2007, SBN 0299207641Google Print, p. 498/ref> History Chodko Jurewicz, chamberlain to Grand Duke Vytenis, was probably the ancestor of the whole clan and gave it the name ''Chodkiewicz'', meaning "son of Chodzko". Surnames were not used in that time, but apparently later in history, the name ''Chodzko'' became a surname after Christianization of Chodzko Juriewicz, father of Iwan (later Jan) Chodkiewicz. They bore the Coat of arms of Chodkiewicz, Chodkiewicz coat of arms. In 1572, Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz converted from Calvinism to Roman Catholicism with his two sons, which made them the first polonization, Polonized gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode
Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Poles, Hungarian, Lithuanian, Balkan, Russian people and other Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with '' palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. , means "war, fight," while , means "leading", thus in Old Slavic together meaning "war leader" or "warlord". The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kursk
Kursk (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kur (Kursk Oblast), Kur, Tuskar, and Seym (river), Seym rivers. It has a population of Kursk is the oldest city in the oblast, recorded in 1032 as part of the Kievan Rus'. It became the seat of a small eponymous principality in the 13th century, before passing to Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Lithuanian rule in the Late Middle Ages, late medieval period, and then to Grand Duchy of Moscow, Moscow in the early modern period. Kursk has served as the seat of regional administration since 1779. The area around Kursk was the site of a turning point in the Soviet–German struggle during World War II and the site of the Battle of Kursk, single largest battle in history. Geography Urban layout Kursk was originally built as a fortress city on a hill dominating the plain. The settlement was surrounded on three sides by the Kur (Kursk Oblast), K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lisowczyk
Lisowczyks or Lisowczycy (; also known as ''Straceńcy'' ('lost men' or 'forlorn hope') or (company of ); or in singular form: Lisowczyk or ) was the name of an early 17th-century irregular unit of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish–Lithuanian light cavalry. The Lisowczycy took part in many battles across Europe and the historical accounts of the period characterized them as extremely agile, warlike, and bloodthirsty. Their numbers varied with time, from a few hundred to several thousand. The origin of the group can be traced to konfederacja (a form of semi-legal mutiny of royal forces, practiced in the Kingdom of Poland and then in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Commonwealth), organized around 1604 by Aleksander Józef Lisowski. They began to grow in strength and fame a few years later, when Lisowski's irregulars were incorporated into the forces fighting in Tsardom of Russia, Muscovy. The Lisowczycy unit of the Polish cavalry received no formal wages; inste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pułkownik
(; ) is a military rank used mostly in Slavic peoples, Slavic-speaking countries which corresponds to a colonel in English-speaking states, ''coronel'' in Spanish and Portuguese-speaking states and ''oberst'' in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries. It was originally a rank in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire. However, in Cossack Hetmanate and Sloboda Ukraine, ''polkovnyk'' was an administrative rank similar to a governor. Usually this word is translated as colonel, however the transliteration is also in common usage, for the sake of the historical and social context. began as a commander of a distinct group of troops (''polk''), arranged for battle. The exact name of this rank maintains a variety of spellings in different languages, but all descend from the Old Slavonic word ''polk'' (literally: regiment sized unit), and include the following in alphabetical order: # Belarus — # Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Karol Chodkiewicz
Jan Karol Chodkiewicz (; 1561 – 24 September 1621) was a Polish–Lithuanian identity, Polish–Lithuanian military commander of the Grand Ducal Lithuanian Army, who was from 1601 Field Hetman of Lithuania, and from 1605 Grand Hetman of Lithuania. He was one of the most prominent noblemen and military commanders of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of his era. His coat of arms was Chodkiewicz coat of arms, Chodkiewicz, as was Chodkiewicz, his family name. He played a major role, often as the top commander of the Military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, military of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in the Moldavian Magnate Wars#1599–1601, Wallachian campaign of 1599–1601, the Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611), Polish–Swedish War of 1600–11, the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618), Polish–Muscovite War of 1605–18, and the Polish–Ottoman War (1620–1621), Polish–Ottoman War of 1620–1621. His most famous victory was the Battle of Kircholm in 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pärnu
Pärnu () is the fourth-largest city in Estonia. Situated in southwest Estonia, Pärnu is located south of the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and west of Estonia's second-largest city, Tartu. The city sits off the coast of Pärnu Bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Riga, which is a part of the Baltic Sea. In the city, the Pärnu River drains into the Gulf of Riga. Pärnu is a popular summer Tourism, holiday resort town among Estonians with many hotels, restaurants and large beaches. The city is served by Pärnu Airport. History Pärnu or Old Pärnu (, , ), which was founded by the bishop of Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek, Ösel–Wiek , suffered heavily under pressure of the concurrent town, and was finally destroyed . Another town, Embeke (later , ) was founded by the Livonian Order, who began building an Ordensburg nearby in 1265. The latter town, then known by the German name of , was a member of the Hanseatic League and an important ice-free harbor for Livonia. The Polish–Lithuanian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611)
The Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611) was a continuation of struggle between Sweden and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth over control of Livonia and Estonia, as well as the dispute over the Swedish throne between Charles IX of Sweden and Sigismund III of Poland. After skirmishes, sieges and battles often aborted by Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, a truce was signed until the later invasion by the Russians. Background This conflict between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden traces its roots to the War against Sigismund. In this civil war (1597–1599), Sigismund III Vasa, at one time king of both the Commonwealth and Sweden, lost the throne of Sweden. Few Commonwealth troops participated in that conflict, and it is mostly regarded as a Swedish civil war, not part of the Polish–Swedish wars. After an early stalemate, Sigismund was defeated at the Battle of Stångebro in 1598. By 1599, Sigismund was dethroned by his uncle, Duke Charles and forced to retreat to the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiszniewo
Vishnyeva (; ; ; ; ) is an agrotown in the Valozhyn District of Minsk Region, Belarus, near the border with Lithuania. History The town was probably established in the 14th century. It was a private town, owned by the Giedygołdowicz, Steczko and Chreptowicz noble families. The first Catholic church of Saint Mary was built in 1424 by castellan of Wilno Siemon Giedygołdowicz, and then rebuilt in Baroque style in 1637 by voivode of Nowogródek Jerzy Chreptowicz. Joachim Chreptowicz founded a sub-departmental high school subordinate to the Wilno University. Around 1790, an iron blast furnace was built. After the Partitions of Poland, the town was annexed by Imperial Russia. In 1859, it had 72 households, totalling 900 people, of which 500 were Jews. In 1897, it had a population of 2,650, including the rural neighbourhood, of which 1,463 were Jews. The population of Vishnyeva in 1907 was 2,650, of which 1,863 were Jews. After World War I, it was part of reborn independent Poland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biała, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Biała is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bielsk Podlaski, within Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Bielsk Podlaski and south of the regional capital Białystok Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is the List of cities and towns in Poland, tenth-largest city in Poland, second in terms of population density, and thirteenth in area. Biał .... References Villages in Bielsk County {{Bielsk-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kreva
Kreva (, ; ; ; ) is an agrotown in Smarhon District, Grodno Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Krevas selsoviet. The first mention dates to the 13th century. The toponym is derived from the name of the Krivichs tribe. History The Kreva Castle, built of brick and stone, dates from the early-mid 14th century in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and was likely commissioned under Grand Duke Gediminas. It stood in what was then a linguistically mixed region of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, politically ruled by Lithuanian dynasty but inhabited predominantly by East Slavic (Ruthenian) populations. After Gediminas' death in 1341, Kreva became the patrimony of his son and successor, Algirdas. In 1382, the Grand Duke Kęstutis was imprisoned in Kreva during the Lithuanian Civil War and subsequently murdered on the order by his nephew Jogaila. In 1385, the Union of Krewo (Act of Kreva) was signed in Kreva. In 1387, following the Christianization of Lithuania, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
