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Kreinik
Kreinik (), or Al Kuraynik or Kereneik, is a town in West Darfur, Sudan, located east of Geneina. History Kreinik has been the site of inter-communal conflict, with clashes between Arab nomads and the Masalit tribe, and massacres committed against the Masalit people. The conflict has led to civilian casualties and displacement. During the War in Darfur, it served as a refugee camp for Masalit civilians who fled massacres by the Arab Janjaweed militias. In 2012, armed militias seized farms in the town. Following the 2021 Darfur clashes, many refugees from Kreinik fled and settled in Foro Baranga. In December 2021, dozens were killed in tribal clashes. On 24 April 2022, a thousand militants murdered more than 200 people in the Kreinik massacre, while the town was torched including the town's hospital. A Médecins Sans Frontières team returned to Kreinik in December 2022 to rebuild the destroyed hospital. During the 2023 War in Sudan between the Rapid Support Forces (RSF ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kreinik Massacre
Beginning on April 21, 2022, clashes broke out between Janjaweed and Masalit civilians in the Kreinik refugee camp near El Geneina, West Darfur. These led to massacres over the following days by Janjaweed and the Rapid Support Forces, with hundreds of civilians killed. Prelude Kreinik is a town near the West Darfuri capital of El Geneina. During the War in Darfur, it served as a refugee camp for Masalit civilians who fled massacres by the Arab Janjaweed militias. Following the Sudanese revolution in 2019, new governors were appointed to different regions, with Khamis Abakar, former leader of the predominantly-Masalit Sudanese Alliance, appointed governor of West Darfur. In 2021, clashes broke out in Kreinik between the Janjaweed and Masalit, killing 88 people, with 84 others injured. On December 6, 2021, a refugee camp in Kreinik was burnt to the ground by a second Janjaweed attack. Clashes The first clashes in Kreinik broke out on April 21, 2022, after the death of two Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Darfur
West Darfur State ( Wilāyat Ḡarb Dārfūr), historically Dar Masalit (), is one of the states of Sudan, and one of five comprising the Darfur region. Prior to the creation of two new states in January 2012, it had an area of 79,460 km² and an estimated population of approximately 1,775,945 in 2018. It borders North and Central Darfur to the east. The Chadian prefectures A prefecture (from the Latin word, "''praefectura"'') is an administrative jurisdiction traditionally governed by an appointed prefect. This can be a regional or local government subdivision in various countries, or a subdivision in certain inter ... of Biltine and Ouaddaï lie to the west, while to the north is the prefecture of Bourkou-Ennedi-Tibesti. Al-Junaynah is the capital of the state. West Darfur has been the site of much of the Darfur conflict. During the 2023 Sudan conflict, ethnic violence has been rampant across the region. This has included several Masalit massacres. Settlements ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Africa Time
Central Africa Time or CAT, is a time zone used in north central, east central and southern Africa. Central Africa Time is two hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC+02:00), which is the same as the adjacent South Africa Standard Time, Egypt Standard Time, Eastern European Time, Kaliningrad Time and Central European Summer Time. As this time zone is in the equatorial and tropical regions, there is little change in day length throughout the year and so daylight saving time is not observed. Central Africa Time is observed by the following countries: * * * (eastern provinces) * * * * * * * * The following countries in Africa also use an offset of UTC+02:00 all-year round: * (observes South African Standard Time) * (observes South African Standard Time) * (observes Eastern European Time) * (observes South African Standard Time) See also * Egypt Standard Time, an equivalent (except during daylight savings) time zone covering Egypt, also at UTC+02:00 * Kaliningrad T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chad
Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North Africa, North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to Chad–Libya border, the north, Sudan to Chad–Sudan border, the east, the Central African Republic to Central African Republic–Chad border, the south, Cameroon to Cameroon–Chad border, the southwest, Nigeria to Chad–Nigeria border, the southwest (at Lake Chad), and Niger to Chad–Niger border, the west. Chad has a population of 19 million, of which 1.6 million live in the Capital city, capital and largest city of N'Djamena. With a total area of around , Chad is the fifth-largest country in Africa and the List of countries and dependencies by area, twentieth largest nation by area. Chad has several regions: the Sahara desert in the north, an arid zone in the centre known as the Sahel, and a more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Lake Chad, after which the country is named, is the second-largest wetl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudanese Armed Forces
The Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF; ) are the military forces of the Republic of the Sudan. The force strength has been estimated at personnel in 2011 (by IISS), 200,000 personnel before the current war in Sudan broke out in 2023 (by the CIA), and 300,000 personnel in 2024 (by Al Jazeera). In 2016–2017, the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) had members participating in the Yemeni Civil War (of which returned to Sudan by October 2019). As of 2025, the SAF and RSF remain in armed conflict against one other in the ongoing civil war in Sudan. History The origins of the Sudanese army can be traced to six battalions of black soldiers from southern Sudan, recruited by the British during the reconquest of Sudan in 1898. Sudan officially became the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1899. The highest-ranking British officer in Egypt, known as the Sirdar, also served as Governor General of the Sudan. In 1922, after nationalist riots stimulated by Egyptian leader Saad Zaghloul, Egyp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War In Sudan (2023–present)
The term Sudanese Civil War refers to at least three separate conflicts in Sudan in Northeast Africa: *First Sudanese Civil War (1955–1972) *Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005) *Sudanese civil war (2023–present) It could also refer to other internal conflicts in Sudan: *Sudanese nomadic conflicts *War in Darfur (2003–2020) *Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile (2011–2020) * Blue Nile clashes (2022–2023) See also *Mahdist War (1881–1899) *Heglig Crisis (2012) * South Sudanese wars of independence, the civil wars of 1955–1972 and 1983–2005 in South Sudan *South Sudanese Civil War The South Sudanese Civil War was a multi-sided civil war in South Sudan fought from 2013 to 2020, between forces of the government and opposition forces. The civil war caused rampant human rights abuses, including forced displacement, ethnic mas ... (2013–2020) * Internal conflict in South Sudan (other) * Sudanese Sovereignty Council (other) * Sud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Médecins Sans Frontières
(MSF; pronounced ), known in some English-speaking settings as Doctors Without Borders, is a charity that provides humanitarian medical care. It is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) of French origin known for its projects in conflict zones and in countries affected by endemic diseases. The organisation provides care for diabetes, drug-resistant infections, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis C, tropical and neglected diseases, tuberculosis, vaccines and COVID-19. In 2019, the charity was active in 70 countries with over 35,000 personnel; mostly local doctors, nurses and other medical professionals, logistical experts, water and sanitation engineers, and administrators. Private donors provide about 90% of the organisation's funding, while corporate donations provide the rest, giving MSF an annual budget of approximately US$1.63 billion. MSF was founded in 1971, in the aftermath of the Biafran famine of the Nigerian Civil War, by a small group of French doctors and journalists who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foro Baranga
Foro Baranga or Forbrenga () is a town located in West Darfur, Sudan. History The villagers from 20 villages near Foro Baranga town held a demonstration in front of the city council on 14 August 2011 over the lack of availability of the new currency An armed militia robbed Foro Baranga court, Zakat Bureau office, and six shops on 25 November 2013. On 30 March 2014 midnight, a fire incident that razed down 18 houses occurred in El Kifah neighborhood. On 29 May 2021, a protest occurred in Foro Baranga in response to the death of a men killed by an unknown armed group in the Foro Baranga market. The protestors blocked the main roads. They torched shops in the market, administrative offices, the Zakat chamber, and the tax office. Security forces were deployed to ease the tensions. An ethnic clash between Masalit and Arabs occurred in Foro Baranga on 10 and 11 April 2023. The militia burned houses in six neighborhoods and looted civilian belongings. This attack caused the death of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2021 Darfur Clashes
The War in Darfur, also nicknamed the Land Cruiser War, was a major armed conflict in the Darfur region of Sudan that began in February 2003 when the Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) rebel groups began fighting against the government of Sudan, which they accused of oppressing Darfur's non-Arab population. The government responded to attacks by carrying out a campaign of ethnic cleansing against Darfur's non-Arabs. This resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands of civilians and the indictment of Sudan's president, Omar al-Bashir, for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity by the International Criminal Court. One side of the conflict is mainly composed of the Sudanese military, police, and the Janjaweed, a Sudanese militia group whose members are mostly recruited among Arabized indigenous Africans and a small number of Bedouin of the northern Rizeigat; the majority of other Arab groups in Darfur remained uninvolved. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War In Darfur
The War in Darfur, also nicknamed the Land Cruiser War, was a major armed conflict in the Darfur region of Sudan that began in February 2003 when the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army, Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) rebel groups began fighting against the government of Sudan, which they accused of oppressing Darfur's non-Arab population. The government responded to attacks by carrying out a campaign of ethnic cleansing against Darfur's non-Arabs. This resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands of civilians and the indictment of Sudan's president, Omar al-Bashir, for Darfur genocide, genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity by the International Criminal Court. One side of the conflict is mainly composed of the Sudanese military, police, and the Janjaweed, a Sudanese militia group whose members are mostly recruited among Arabization, Arabized indigenous Africans and a small number of Bedouin of the northern Rizeigat; the ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masalit People
The Masalit ( Masalit: ''masala/masara''; ) are an ethnic group inhabiting western Sudan and eastern Chad. They speak the Masalit language. Overview The Masalit primarily live in Geneina, the capital of West Darfur, though a few thousand also live in Al Qadarif State in eastern Sudan, and in South Darfur. According to ''Ethnologue'', there were 462,000 total Masalit speakers as of 2011, of whom 350,000 resided in Sudan. Masalit tradition traces their origins to Tunisia. After migrating through Chad, they eventually settled in present-day Sudan. Before 1874, the Masalit were divided between multiple polities in the region such as the Wadai Sultanate and the Sultanate of Darfur. However, after the conquest of the Sultanate of Darfur by the Ottomans and Egyptians in 1874, the Masalit were unified into a Sultanate by Hajjam Hasab Allah. However, Hajjam's rule was seen by the Masalit population as oppressive. Thus, he was ousted in 1883 by Ismail Abdel Nebi, who took control ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janjaweed
The Janjaweed () are an Sudanese Arabs, Arab nomad militia group operating in the Sahel, Sahel region, specifically in Sudan, particularly in Darfur and eastern Chad. They have also been speculated to be active in Yemen. According to the United Nations definition, Janjaweed membership consists of Arab nomad tribes from the Sahel, the core of whom are Abbala Arabs, traditionally employed in pastoralism, camel herding, with significant recruitment from the Baggara. Janjaweed nomads were initially at odds with Darfur's sedentary population due to competition over natural grazing grounds and farmland, a conflict exacerbated by dwindling rainfall and drought. The Janjaweed were a major player in the Darfur conflict between 2003 and 2020, in opposition to the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army and the Justice and Equality Movement rebels. In 2013, the Rapid Support Forces grew out of the Janjaweed. Etymology The origin of the word ''Janjaweed'' is unclear. It may derive from the Arabic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
