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Kolyma–Anadyr Highway
The Anadyr Highway is a highway on the territory of Magadan Oblast and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug from the R504 Kolyma Highway to the city of Anadyr (town), Anadyr with branches to Bilibino, Komsomolsky, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Komsomolsky and Egvekinot. In the Magadan Region it is numbered 44H-3; in Chukotka the existing segments have the number 77K-022. The new highway will ensure the year-round connection of the Chukotka Autonomous District with the rest of Russia. Construction of the road in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug began in 2012. Construction in the Magadan Region began in 2015. The original plan estimated that it would require 30 years to complete. In some parts of the build, winter lasts 10 months and its temperatures can go below -60C. Route The route starts from the R504 Kolyma Highway, revitalizing the old road to Omsukchan, then passes through Omolon (rural locality), Omolon, Ilirney, Palyavaam, then along the existing extended winter road to Valunistoye min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magadan Region
Magadan Oblast is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in the Far East region of the country, and is administratively part of the Far Eastern Federal District. Magadan Oblast has a population of 136,085 ( 2021 Census), making it the least populated oblast and the third-least populated federal subject in Russia. Magadan is the largest city and the capital of Magadan Oblast with the majority of the oblast's inhabitants living in the city itself. The coastline has a less severe climate than the interiors, although both are very cold for its latitude. It borders Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the north, Kamchatka Krai in the east, Khabarovsk Krai in the south and the Sakha Republic in the west. The economy is primarily based on mining, particularly gold, silver and other non-ferrous metals. History Magadan Oblast was established on December 3, 1953Decree of December 3, 1953 in what had popularly been known as Kolyma. As a result of considerab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roads In The Russian Far East
A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are paved. The words "road" and "street" are commonly considered to be interchangeable, but the distinction is important in urban design. There are many types of roads, including parkways, avenues, controlled-access highways (freeways, motorways, and expressways), tollways, interstates, highways, and local roads. The primary features of roads include lanes, sidewalks (pavement), roadways (carriageways), medians, shoulders, verges, bike paths (cycle paths), and shared-use paths. Definitions Historically, many roads were simply recognizable routes without any formal construction or some maintenance. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines a road as "a line of communication (travelled way) using a stabilized base other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Delivery
The Northern delivery () is a set of annual measures to provide the population of the Russian Far North with basic goods (primarily food and fuel) for long and harsh polar winter. Northern delivery as a phenomenon is due to three reasons: *Absence of its own production base for most industrial and agricultural products in the Far North *Remoteness of the main industrial areas by thousands of kilometers, which makes it difficult and expensive for private entities to deliver goods even in the summer *Complete absence of roads and railways in most regions of the Far North. In these conditions, the only possible is the centralized purchase and transportation of goods from the southern and central Russia to the Far North, which is a responsibility of the federal government. Delivery is carried out mainly by air, as well as river and sea, including the Northern Sea Route. Today, 70% of cargo delivered by the program is fuel. Northern delivery is carried out in 25 regions of Russia. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palyavaam River
The Palyavaam () is a river in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russian Far East. It is long, and has a drainage basin of . There is a small populated place in its basin also called Palyavaam. The Humpback whitefish, the East Siberian Grayling, Pink salmon, Chum salmon and Arctic char, are some of the fish species found in its waters. Course It has its source in the Palyavaam Range of the Chukotka Mountains. The Palyavaam flows in a roughly westward direction and passes through the sparsely populated areas of Chukotka. Finally it flows into the Chaun close to its outflow into the East Siberian Sea, at the Chaunskaya Bay near Rytkuchi. The Palyavaam has numerous tributaries. The most important ones are the Elkakvun, Palyarynnat, Karpungveyem, Levtuttyveyem, Kookvyn, Vykvylvegyrgyn and Pekychyn. See also *List of rivers of Russia Russia can be divided into a European and an Asian part. The dividing line is generally considered to be the Ural Mountains. The European par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kupol Ice Road
JSC Izhevsk Electromechanical Plant or IEMZ Kupol for short () is a Russian military R&D enterprise founded in 1957. It is located in Izhevsk (3 Pesochnaya str).GlobalSecurity.orgIEMZ Kupol/ref> It is part of the state-owned Almaz-Antey holding. According to a Reuters report from September 2024, two sources from a European intelligence agency had told the news agency that IEMZ Kupol had produced more than 2,500 drones of a new type, called Garpiya, from July 2023 to July 2024 which, as per documents seen by Reuters, had Chinese engines and parts. The intelligence sources told Reuters that the drones had been used by Russia during its invasion of Ukraine against military and civilian targets. The company has been sanctioned by the US since December 2023. On 17 November 2024 social media and Ukraine's Center for Countering Disinformation claimed that the plant had been struck by a Ukrainian A-22 UCAV. Military products *Osa-AKM SAM * Saman-M1 target-launching complex *Tor-M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geogrids
A geogrid is geosynthetic material used to reinforce soils and similar materials. Soils pull apart under tension. Compared to soil, geogrids are strong in tension. This fact allows them to transfer forces to a larger area of soil than would otherwise be the case. Geogrids are commonly made of polymer materials, such as polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene or polypropylene. They may be woven or knitted from yarns, heat-welded from strips of material, or produced by punching a regular pattern of holes in sheets of material, then stretched into a grid. The development of methods of preparing relatively rigid polymeric materials by tensile drawing, in a sense "cold working," raised the possibility that such materials could be used in the reinforcement of soils for walls, steep slopes, roadway bases and foundation soils. The principal function of geogrids is for reinforcement. This area, as with many other geosynthetics, is very active, with a number of different products, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geotextiles
Geotextiles are versatile permeable fabrics that, when used in conjunction with soil, can effectively perform multiple functions, including separation, filtration, reinforcement, protection, and drainage. Typically crafted from polypropylene or polyester, geotextile fabrics are available in two primary forms: woven, which resembles traditional mail bag sacking, and nonwoven, which resembles felt. Geotextile composites have been introduced and products such as geogrids and meshes have been developed. Geotextiles are durable and are able to soften a fall. Overall, these materials are referred to as geosynthetics and each configuration—geonets, geosynthetic clay liners, geogrids, geotextile tubes, and others—can yield benefits in geotechnical and environmental engineering design. History Geotextiles were originally intended to be a substitute for granular soil filters. Geotextiles can also be referred to as ''filter fabrics''. In the 1950s, R.J. Barrett began working usin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permafrost
Permafrost () is soil or underwater sediment which continuously remains below for two years or more; the oldest permafrost has been continuously frozen for around 700,000 years. Whilst the shallowest permafrost has a vertical extent of below a meter (3 ft), the deepest is greater than . Similarly, the area of individual permafrost zones may be limited to narrow mountain summits or extend across vast Arctic regions. The ground beneath glaciers and ice sheets is not usually defined as permafrost, so on land, permafrost is generally located beneath a so-called active layer of soil which freezes and thaws depending on the season. Around 15% of the Northern Hemisphere or 11% of the global surface is underlain by permafrost, covering a total area of around . This includes large areas of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Siberia. It is also located in high mountain regions, with the Tibetan Plateau being a prominent example. Only a minority of permafrost exists in the Southern Hemi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilirney
Ilirney (; Chukchi: , ''Iḷirňèj'', lit. ''mountain island'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Bilibinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located southeast of Bilibino, on the banks of the Maly Anyuy River. The population of the village as of 2012 is 281, of which 247 are native Chukchi, a slight reduction on the most recent census data: Municipally, Ilirney is subordinated to Bilibinsky Municipal District and is incorporated as Ilirney Rural Settlement. Geography Ilirney is situated 168 km from the district center Bilibino and 510 km from Anadyr. At the site of the village, the Maly Anyuy River is joined by the Nutsekyn tributary, from the Chukchi word, ''Nutech'yn'', meaning "white fat", since there is a band of white clay that looks like fat and was occasionally consumed by the local inhabitants in times of famine. Lake Ilirney is found at the feet of Ilirney Range, about northeast of the village. Archeologists discovered neolithic camps on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magadan Oblast
Magadan Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in the Russian Far East, Far East region of the country, and is administratively part of the Far Eastern Federal District. Magadan Oblast has a population of 136,085 (Russian Census (2021), 2021 Census), making it the least populated oblast and the third-least populated federal subject in Russia. Magadan is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center, capital of Magadan Oblast with the majority of the oblast's inhabitants living in the city itself. The coastline has a less severe climate than the interiors, although both are very cold for its latitude. It borders Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the north, Kamchatka Krai in the east, Khabarovsk Krai in the south and the Sakha Republic in the west. The economy is primarily based on mining, particularly gold, silver and other non-ferrous metals. History Magadan Oblast was estab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omolon (rural Locality)
Omolon () is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a ''village#Russia, selo'') in Bilibinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is situated in the far southwest of the district near the border with Magadan Oblast. Population: Municipally, Omolon is subordinated to Bilibinsky Municipal District and is incorporated as Omolon Rural Settlement. History Omolon was the headquarters for the sovkhoz (state farm) ''Omolon'' until 1992The Obshchina in Chukotka - Land Property and Local Autonomy , Gray P.A. (2001), Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology. p.11 Prior to 1992, the Sovkhoz had 15 separate herds of reindeer under its control. From 1992 onwards, the Sovkhoz structure was dismantled bit by bit in line with the wider course of Russian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
