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Kolchak Island
Kolchak Island or Kolchaka Island (, ''ostrov Kolchaka'', 'Kolchak's island'), is an island in the Kara Sea located in a coastal area of Skerry, skerries southeast of Taymyr Island. It was known as Rastorguyev Island (, ''ostrov Rastorguyeva'') in the period between 1937 and 2005 . Description Compared to other large islands in the area Kolchak has a quite regular shape. Its length is 21 km and its maximum width 6.5 km. It is covered with tundra vegetation in the summer, but most of the year it lies under a shroud of snow. Kolchak Island is located 40 km from the western end of the Taymyr Gulf and only 14 km southeast of Taymyr Island. It separated from the nearest coast by a narrow sound that is about one km in width in its narrowest stretch. The climate in the area is severe, with long and bitter winters and frequent blizzards and gales. The sea surrounding Kolchak Island is covered with pack ice in the winter and there are numerous ice floes even in the su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kara Sea
The Kara Sea is a marginal sea, separated from the Barents Sea to the west by the Kara Strait and Novaya Zemlya, and from the Laptev Sea to the east by the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago. Ultimately the Kara, Barents and Laptev Seas are all extensions of the Arctic Ocean north of Siberia. The Kara Sea's northern limit is marked geographically by a line running from Cape Kohlsaat in Graham Bell Island, Franz Josef Land, to Cape Molotov (Arctic Cape), the northernmost point of Komsomolets Island in Severnaya Zemlya. The Kara Sea is roughly long and wide with an area of around and a mean depth of . Its main ports are Novy Port and Dikson and it is important as a fishing ground although the sea is ice-bound for all but two months of the year. The Kara Sea contains the East-Prinovozemelsky field (an extension of the West Siberian Oil Basin), containing significant undeveloped petroleum and natural gas. In 2014, US government sanctions resulted in Exxon having unti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sannikov Land
Sannikov Land (, ) was a phantom island in the Arctic Ocean. Its supposed existence became something of a myth in 19th-century Russia. History Yakov Sannikov and Matvei Gedenschtrom claimed to have seen the land mass during their 1809–1810 cartographic expedition to the New Siberian Islands. Sannikov was the first one to report the sighting of a "new land" north of Kotelny Island in 1811 (hence the name ''Sannikov Land'').Mills, W. J., 2003, ''Exploring polar frontiers: a historical encyclopedia.'' ABC CLIO Publishers, Oxford, United Kingdom. In 1886, the Baltic German explorer in Russian service Baron Eduard von Toll reported observing the elusive land during an expedition to the New Siberian Islands. In August 1901, during the Russian Polar Expedition, also led by Toll, the Russian Arctic ship ''Zarya'' headed across the Laptev Sea, searching for the legendary Sannikov Land. It was soon blocked by floating pack ice in the New Siberian Islands. Attempts to reach Sannikov L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Tessem And Paul Knutsen
Peter Tessem and Paul Knutsen were two young men from Norway who went with fellow Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen on his 1918 Arctic expedition aboard ship '' Maud''. Peter Tessem was a carpenter and Paul Knutsen was an able-bodied seaman. One year into the expedition, in 1919, Amundsen left Peter Tessem and Paul Knutsen behind at Cape Chelyuskin after having made winter quarters there. Amundsen chose Peter Tessem because he had been suffering from chronic headaches throughout the winter and was not fit to continue the long expedition. He selected Paul Knutsen because he had previously wintered in the Kara Sea in 1914–1915 with Otto Sverdrup on ship ''Eclipse'', so he knew about the locations of the caches of provisions that had been left in the area by Sverdrup. The men were instructed to wait for the freeze-up of the Kara Sea and then sledge southwestwards along the western coast of the Taymyr Peninsula towards Dikson, carrying the mail and the valuable scientific data accum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikifor Begichev
Nikifor Alekseevich Begichev (Bigichev) (; February 7 ( N.S. February 19), 1874 – May 18, 1927) was a Soviet seaman and polar explorer. He was twice awarded gold medals by the Russian Academy of Sciences Biography Begichev was born in Tsariov, Astrakhan Governorate, to a family of Volga River fishers. In 1895, he was called up to the service in the Russian Navy and traveled three times as a sailor and a boatswain to the Antilles islands. He was a participant in Baron Eduard Toll's 1900–1903 "Russian Polar Expedition" as the bosun of ship '' Zarya''. After the death of Baron Toll, Begichev took part in the research. During this voyage, he saved the life of his commander - lieutenant Aleksandr Kolchak, a future admiral. Walking by the sea ice, Kolchak fell in the split. When Begichev pulled him from the water, the lieutenant showed no signs of life. Begichev took off his dry clothes and dressed Kolchak with them. Then, to re-animate him, Begichev fired his pipe and put it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamennyye Islands
The Kamennye Islands or Kammenny Islands (; Kamennye Ostrova) are a group of islands in the Kara Sea, Russian Federation. Geography The islands lie off the coast of Siberia, west of the mouths of river Pyasina. They are covered with tundra vegetation. The sea surrounding the Kamennye Islands is covered with pack ice with some polynias in the winter and there are many ice floes even in the summer, so that they are connected with the Siberian mainland during the long winters. The climate is severe and summers last only about two months. This island group belongs to the Krasnoyarsk Krai administrative division of the Russian Federation. Islands The main islands are (from East to West): *Morzhovo Island, with a diameter of only , is the closest to land. It is only about from the Siberian coastline. * Rastorguyev Island. It is long and narrow, and about in length. It is occasionally confused with Kolchak Island (which is located further east in the Kara Sea along the coast so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rastorguyev Island
Rastorguyev Island or Rastorguyeva Island (, ''ostrov Rastorguyeva'') is an island in the Kara Sea, Russian Federation. Geography It is the third largest island of the Kamennyye Islands. It is located close to the shores of the Taymyr Peninsula, about from the coast. A narrow and bent landspit projects northwards of the northern shore. There are two hills on the island, the highest of which is Mount Kolomeitsev ''(Gora Kolomeitseva)'' —named after Nikolai Kolomeitsev— in the eastern part. Winters are long, cold and bitter, and the surrounding sea freezes solid about ten months every year. History The whole area around Rastorguyev Island was explored by Russian geologist Baron Eduard von Toll during his last venture, the Russian Arctic Expedition of 1900–1903. This large island was named by him after Stepan Innokentyevich Rastorguyev, an Imperial Russian Cossack officer accompanying him. Toll sent Rastorguyev along with the former captain of ship '' Zarya'', N. N. Ko ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stepan Rastorguyev
Stepan Innokentyevich Rastorguyev (; 1864 in Yakutsk – after 1904) was an officer of the Yakut Cossack Regiment and an explorer. As Rastorguyev's parents died early, he was reared by his kindred. Then he was sent to the Okhotsk Sea coast, Kamchatka and Chukotka. In 1888 Rastorguyev was tasked to open the straight road from Yakutsk to Verkhoyansk and met his engagements. In 1900 Rastorguyev joined Baron Eduard Toll's Russian Polar Expedition on ship '' Zarya''. In 1901, during the first wintering, Toll sent Rastorguyev along with hitherto captain of ''Zarya'' N. N. Kolomeitsev on a long sledge trip. Their mission was to organize coal depots for the ''Zarya'' on Kotelny Island and at Dikson, as well as to bring the mail of the expedition to Dudinka. Kolomeitsev and Rastorguev were successful in their trip. They covered the 600 km long distance from Bukhta Kolin Archera, SW of Taymyr Island, to Dikson in one month. This mission helped to bring relief to Baron Toll in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Barr (Arctic Historian)
William Barr (born 1940) is a Scottish historian with a specific interest in the history of exploration of the Arctic, and to a lesser degree, the Antarctic. He holds degrees in Geography from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland and McGill University, Montreal, Canada. From 1968 until 1999 he was a member of the faculty of the Department of Geography, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada and is now a professor emeritus there. Since 1999 he is a Research Fellow in residence at the Arctic Institute of North America, University of Calgary. For the past 30 years the history of the exploration of the Arctic has been the focus of his research. He has published 16 books, including translations from French, German, and Russian. In 2006, William Barr received a Lifetime Achievement Award for his contributions to the recorded history of the Canadian North from the Canadian Historical Association. Most of the titles of his works show that William Barr is an admirer of Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Toll
Eduard Gustav Freiherr von Toll (; 1902), better known in Russia as Eduard Vasilyevich Toll and often referred to as Baron von Toll, was a Russian geologist and Arctic explorer. He is most notable for leading the Russian polar expedition of 1900–1902 in search of the legendary Sannikov Land, a phantom island purported to lie off Russia's Arctic coast. During the expedition, Toll and a small party of explorers disappeared from Bennett Island, and their fate remains unknown to this day. Early life Eduard von Toll was born on , in Reval of the Governorate of Estonia (now Tallinn, Estonia). He belonged to the Baltic German noble Toll family and was married to Emmeline "Emmy" Magdalene . His family's origin was debated, but genealogists had suggested them to be of Hollandish origin and was originated in Leiden. He was a close relative of the Middendorff family, and one of the Toll's teachers was the academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences Alexander von Middendorff. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krai
A krai or kray (; , , ''kraya'') is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR. Etymologically, the word is related to the verb "" (''kroit'''), "to cut". Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word ''krai'' also means ''border'' or ''edge'', i.e., ''a place of the cut-off''. In English the term is often translated as "territory". , the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts. See also * Krais of the Russian Empire * Krais of Russia * Governorate-General (Russian Empire), a general term for Krais, Oblasts, and special city municipalities in the Russian Empire *Oblast ;Foreign terms (in relation to the Russian "Krai") with similar designation *K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Kolchak
Admiral Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (; – 7 February 1920) was a Russian navy officer and polar explorer who led the White movement in the Russian Civil War. As he assumed the title of Supreme Ruler of Russia in 1918, Kolchak headed a military dictatorship, which ruled over the territory of the former Russian Empire controlled by the Whites. He was a proponent of Russian nationalism and militarism, while he opposed democracy as a principle which he believed to be tied to pacifism, internationalism, and socialism. As the principal leader of the White movement, he was one of the key architects of the White Terror. Kolchak served in the Imperial Russian Navy and fought in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. The son of a naval artillery officer, Kolchak graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps and went on to become an accomplished oceanographer and Arctic explorer. He was involved in several expeditions to northern Russia, including the New Siberian Islands, and became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
