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Kistecephalia
Kistecephalia is a clade of dicynodont therapsids. The group was first named in 1894, and was reinstated as a clade in 2009. Kistecephalia is a stem-based taxon defined as all taxa more closely related to '' Cistecephalus microrhinus'' than '' Emydops arctatus''. It includes the families Myosauridae, Kingoriidae, and Cistecephalidae and is part of the larger group Emydopoidea. Kistecephalians were small in comparison to other dicynodonts. One group of kistecephalians, the cistecephalids, are thought to have been burrowers. Below is a cladogram from Kammerer ''et al.'' (2011) showing the phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical dat ... relationships of kistecephalians: References Emydopoidea {{anomodont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Permian
Late or LATE may refer to: Everyday usage * Tardy, or late, not being on time * Late (or the late) may refer to a person who is dead Music * ''Late'' (The 77s album), 2000 * Late (Alvin Batiste album), 1993 * Late!, a pseudonym used by Dave Grohl on his '' Pocketwatch'' album * Late (rapper), an underground rapper from Wolverhampton * "Late", a song by Kanye West from ''Late Registration'' Other uses * Late (Tonga), an uninhabited volcanic island southwest of Vavau in the kingdom of Tonga * "Late" (''The Handmaid's Tale''), a television episode * LaTe, Oy Laivateollisuus Ab, a defunct shipbuilding company * Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia * Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law * Local average treatment effect, a concept in econometrics * Late, a synonym for ''cooler'' in stellar classification See also * * * ''Lates'', a genus of fish in the lates perch family * Later (other) Later may ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Therochelonia
Therochelonia is a group of dicynodont therapsids. The group was named by British paleontologist Harry Seeley in 1894 and fell into disuse in the following century. Therochelonia was redefined as a node-based clade in 2009. It is defined as the last common ancestor of '' Cistecephalus microrhinus'' and '' Dicynodon lacerticeps'', and all of its descendants. Below is a simplified cladogram from Kammerer ''et al.'' (2011) showing the phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical dat ... placement of Therochelonia: References Dicynodontia Lopingian first appearances Early Cretaceous extinctions {{anomodont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kawingasaurus
''Kawingasaurus'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsid from the Late Permian Usili Formation of Tanzania. It is a member of the family Cistecephalidae, and like other cistecephalids it is thought to have been fossorial. It is a member of the family Cistecephalidae. Cistephalidae includes genera ''Cisteceohalus, Cistecephaloides'' and ''Kawingasaurus.'' Greek for Saurus meaning “lizard” appears as a suffix denoting a reptilian origin. Living between 254.17 and 259.9 million years ago in the late Permian and believed to have the first and last recorded appearance in this time period. It lived in deep burrows as a suggested by most burrowing dicynodonts from evaluation of cranial sutures, vestibule inflation and enlarged stapes foot plates which are thought to be functionally correlated with bone-conduction hearing; all observed in fossorial vertebrates which use seismic signals as communication. History of discovery Dicynodontoides was very briefly first described ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistecephaloides
''Cistecephaloides'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsids of the ''Cistecephalus'' Assemblage Zone, Beaufort Group of South Africa. at .org See also *List of therapsids
This list of therapsids is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all Genus, genera that have ever been included in the Therapsida excluding mammals and purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also gene ...
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Cistecephalus
''Cistecephalus'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsid from the Late Permian of southern Africa (South Africa and Zambia). It was a small, specialised, burrowing dicynodont, possibly with habits similar to a modern mole. The head was flattened and wedge-shaped, the body long, and the forelimbs very strong, with similarities in structure to the forelimb of modern burrowing mammals. ''Cistecephalus'' appears to have been endemic to the Karoo Basin of South Africa. It is most common in the ''Cistecephalus'' Assemblage Zone, in which it dominates the fauna, and is also found in the slightly older ''Tropidostoma'' Assemblage Zone. It was one of the first genera of dicynodonts to be described, by Richard Owen, in 1876. ''Cistecephalus'' could reach up to in length. Description ''Cistecephalus'' was one of the most atypical dicynodont genera. However, it was broadly similar in anatomy to other cistecephalids, all of which share similar adaptations to digging. Its skull wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myosaurus
''Myosaurus'' (Greek for “mice-like lizard,” with mys- meaning mouse, and -sauros meaning lizard) is a genus of dicynodont synapsids.Hammer, W. R., & Cosgriff, J. W. 1981. Myosaurus gracilis, an anomodont reptile from the Lower Triassic of Antarctica and South Africa. Journal of Paleontology 410-424. ''Myosaurus'' was a small, Herbivore, herbivorous synapsid that existed around the early Triassic period. All of the fossils found of this species were found in Antarctica and South Africa. Compared to other fossils found from species that existed during this time, the ''Myosaurus'' is not common in the fossil record. This is due to a shortage of discovered fossils that possess characteristics unique to the ''Myosaurus.'' Notably, under 130 fossil fragments have been found that have been classified as ''Myosauridae'', and almost all have been skulls. These skulls can be classified as ''Myosaurus'' because this species, unlike other dicynodonts, do not possess tusks or postfrontal t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kombuisia
''Kombuisia'' (from Afrikaans " kombuis", meaning "kitchen", from a nickname for its discover James Kitching) is an extinct genus of dicynodont from Early to Middle Triassic (Induan to Anisian) of South Africa and Antarctica. Two species are described for the genus: ''Kombuisia frerensis'' (type) and ''Kombuisia antarctica''. Dicynodonts were a diverse clade that inhabited the earth from the Middle Permian to the Late Triassic. ''Kombuisia'' is one of few species to survive the mass extinction event in the late Permian. ''Kombuisia'' are non-mammalian synapsid herbivores. Specimens of this genus were discovered in the 1960s and 1970s and years later were determined to be two different species of the genus. The two species were found in diverse areas, ''K. frerensis'' in South Africa and ''K. antarctica'' in Antarctica. This indicated that this genus existed in a wider biographical region in the southern hemisphere of Pangaea and believed by some to indicate the migration to Ant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicynodontoides
''Dicynodontoides'' is a genus of small to medium-bodied, herbivorous, emydopoid dicynodonts from the Late Permian. The name ''Dicynodontoides'' references its “dicynodont-like” appearance (dicynodont = two-dog-tooth) due to the caniniform tusks featured by most members of this infraorder. ''Kingoria'', a junior synonym, has been used more widely in the literature than the more obscure ''Dicynodontoides'', which is similar-sounding to another distantly related genus of dicynodont, ''Dicynodon''. Two species are recognized: ''D. recurvidens'' from South Africa, and ''D. nowacki'' from Tanzania.Angielczyk K.D., Sidor C.A., Nesbitt S.J., Smith R.M.H & Tsuji L.A. 2009. Taxonomic revision and new observations on the postcranial skeleton, biogeography, and biostratigraphy of the dicynodont genus Dicynodontoides, the senior subjective synonym of Kingoria (Therapsida, Anomodontia), ''Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology'', 29:4, 1174-1187, DOI: 10.1671/039.029.0427 ''Dicynodontoides'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emydops
''Emydops'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsids from the Middle Permian to Late Permian of what is now South Africa. The genus is generally small and herbivorous, sharing the dicynodont synapomorphy of bearing two tusks. In the following years, the genus grew to include fourteen species. Many of these species were erected on the basis of differences in the teeth and the positioning of the frontal and parietal bones. A 2008 study narrowed ''Emydops'' down to two species, ''E. arctatus'' (first described by English paleontologist Richard Owen as ''Kistecephalus arctatus'' in 1876) and the newly described ''E. oweni''. History and discovery ''Emydops'' was first discovered and named in 1912 by Robert Broom, in which he described the species ''E. minor''. Although later on it was suggested that the genus included 13 more species, Frobisch and Reisz (2008) suggests that only ''E. oweni'' and ''E. arctatus'' are the only valid species of ''Emydops''. With the appearance o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robertia
''Robertia'' is an extinct genus of small herbivorous dicynodonts from the Middle to Late Permian of South Africa, between 260 and 265 million years ago. It is a monospecific genus, consisting of the type-species ''R. broomiana,'' which was classified by Lieuwe Dirk Boonstra in 1948 and named in honor of Robert Broom for his study of South African mammal-like reptiles. ''Robertia'' had characteristic caniniform tusks and few, small teeth on the maxillary and dentary table. Its beak and the propalinal movement of the jaw, as with other dicynodonts, allowed for efficient cutting of plant matter. The solid, barrel-bodied creatures had a sprawling stance with a flexible backbone, which likely gave them a lizard-like appearance as they moved.King, G. (1981). The postcranial skeleton of Robertia broomiana, an early dicynodont (Reptilia, therapsida) from the South African karoo''.'' ''Annals of the South African Museum'' 84: 203-231. They were about 15 cm in length. ''Robertia'' i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosictodon
''Prosictodon'' is an extinct genus of pylaecephalid dicynodont from Middle Permian of South Africa. It was first named by Kenneth D. Angielczyk and Bruce S. Rubidge in 2010 The year saw a multitude of natural and environmental disasters such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and the 2010 Chile earthquake. The 2009 swine flu pandemic, swine flu pandemic which began the previous year ... and the type species is ''Prosictodon dubei''. References Dicynodontia Guadalupian synapsids Fossil taxa described in 2010 Prehistoric animals of Africa Guadalupian genus first appearances Guadalupian genus extinctions Anomodont genera {{anomodont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eosimops
''Eosimops'' is an extinct genus of pylaecephalid dicynodonts. They were small synapsids superficially resembling modern mammals. ''Eosimops'' is known from several skull specimens, as well as one complete skeleton. ''Eosimops'' lived during the Middle Permian of South Africa. Etymology ''Eosimops'' was named in by South African paleontologist Robert Broom. Its name is derived from the Ancient Greek ''Ēṓs'' (“dawn”) and ''ópsis'' (“appearance”). Discovery ''Eosimops'' was discovered in 1921 by Robert Broom, based on a single skull. It was found in the ''Tapinocephalus'' Assemblage Zone strata of South Africa, an area which provides a rich variety of early therapsids and covers a period of almost 100 million years ranging from the Permian to the Jurassic. Later, other skull specimens as well as a complete skeleton were found. ''Eosimops'' is found above the stratigraphic range of the early dicynodont '' Eodycynodon''. Also found in the ''Pristerognathus'' Asse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
