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Khanaqin
Khanaqin (; ) is the central city of Khanaqin District in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, near the Iranian border (8 km) on the Alwand tributary of the Diyala River. The town is populated by Kurds who speak the Southern Kurdish dialect. Khanaqin is situated on the main road which Shia pilgrims use when visiting holy Islamic cities. The city is rich in oil, and the first Iraqi oil refinery and oil pipeline was built nearby in 1927. The main tribes of Khanaqin include Kalhor, Feyli, Zand, Malekshahi Suramiri, Arkavazi and Zangana. The city experienced Arabization during the Saddam era, but this has been substantially reversed after the fall of the regime in 2003 and remains disputed. History In the early 11th century, the city was under the Banu Uqayl and later the Annazids until Ibrahim Inal captured the city around 1045. Khanaqin was part of Baban until the 1850s. The population of Khanaqin in the mid-19th century was small with only fifty Muslim and five ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanaqin District
Khanaqin District (, ) is a district in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. The district is a part of the Disputed territories of Northern Iraq. The Alwand River runs through Khanaqin District before joining the Diyala River The Diyala (Arabic: ; ; Farsi: , ) is a river and tributary of the Tigris. It is formed by the confluence of the Sirwan and Tanjaro rivers in Darbandikhan Dam in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate of Northern Iraq. It covers a total distance of . .... The district population was estimated to be 175,000 in 2003. The population of the Judicial Center increased from 20,000 in 2003 to more than 160,000 in 2011. References External links Khanaqin, once known as ‘city of tolerance,’ still open to Arab refugeesWikimapia Xaneqîn District (KRG)Home - NGO Coordination Committee for Iraq - Diyala Governorate Profile Jan 2016 Districts of Diyala Province Khanaqin {{iraq-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feyli (tribe)
Feylis (), also known as Feyli Kurds, is a Kurdish tribe based in the borderlands between Iraq and Iran. They speak Feyli (also known as "Ilami" or "Southern Kurdish Feyli") which is classified as a sub-dialect of Southern Kurdish, but is commonly mistaken as being identical with the neighboring but distinct Feyli dialect of Northern Luri. Linguist Ismaïl Kamandâr Fattah argues that the Kurdish Feyli dialect and other Southern Kurdish sub-dialects are 'interrelated and largely mutually intelligible.' Feylis are recognized as ethnic Kurds in the Iraqi constitution. In January 2019, Feyli Kurds received a reserved minority seat in Wasit Governorate, which was won by Mazen Abdel Moneim Gomaa with 5,078 votes in the 2018 Iraqi parliamentary election. Today, the 1,500,000 Feylis live mainly in Baghdad, Maysan, Diyala, Wasit, Sulaymaniyah, in Iraq, and provinces of Lorestan, Ilam, Kermanshah in Iran. History Early record According to Bruinessen, based on Evliya Chelabi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alwand River
The Alwand or Halwan (, , ) is a river in eastern Iraq and western Iran. It rises in the Zagros Mountains in Iran. The river flows west from the mountains to the city of Qasr-e Shirin, where it turns south and crosses the border with Iraq. It then divides the city of Khanaqin in two parts. It has played a significant role in land cultivation and in establishment of a strong rural society in the area, and is considered by the people of Khanaqin a symbol for their unity and Kurdish identity. The river joins the Diyala River at Zengabadh. Name According to Vladimir Minorsky, the name "Alwand" is related to the name of the historical city of Hulwan, which lay on the river near the present-day city of Sarpol-e Zahab. Geography The Alwand basin is located on the western side of the Zagros and covers an area of about 2,700 km2. The climate of this region is semiarid to Mediterranean, with cool winters and dry summers. It receives an average of about 530 mm of rainfall pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurds
Kurds (), or the Kurdish people, are an Iranian peoples, Iranic ethnic group from West Asia. They are indigenous to Kurdistan, which is a geographic region spanning southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northeastern Syria. Consisting of 30–45 million people, the global Kurdish population is largely concentrated in Kurdistan, but significant communities of the Kurdish diaspora exist in parts of West Asia beyond Kurdistan and in parts of Europe, most notably including: Turkey's Central Anatolian Kurds, as well as Kurds in Istanbul, Istanbul Kurds; Iran's Khorasani Kurds; the Caucasian Kurds, primarily in Kurds in Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan and Kurds in Armenia, Armenia; and the Kurdish populations in various European countries, namely Kurds in Germany, Germany, Kurds in France, France, Kurds in Sweden, Sweden, and the Kurds in the Netherlands, Netherlands. The Kurdish language, Kurdish languages and the Zaza–Gorani languages, both of which belong to the Wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diyala Governorate
Diyala Governorate ( ) or Diyala Province is a Governorates of Iraq, governorate in northeastern Iraq. Provincial Government *Governor: Muthanna al-Tamimi *Deputy Governor: Mohammed Jassim al-Jubouri Council Geography Diyala Governorate extends to the northeast of Baghdad as far as the Iran–Iraq border, Iranian border. Its Capital (political), capital is Baqubah. It covers an area of 17,685 square kilometres (6,828 sq mi). A large portion of the province is drained by the Diyala River, a major tributary of the Tigris. Because of its proximity to two major sources of water, Diyala's main industry is agriculture, primarily Phoenix dactylifera, dates grown in large groves. The province also contains one of the largest olive groves in the Middle East. It is also recognized as the Orange (fruit), orange capital of the Middle East. The Hamrin Mountains pass through the governorate. Population The governorate is home to a diverse population of Arabs, Kurds and Ira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zand Tribe
The Zand tribe ( Laki:ئیل زند) is a Laki-speaking Kurdish tribe mainly populating the countryside of Khanaqin in Iraq and in the provinces of Kurdistan and Hamadan of Iran. History The Zand tribe is originally from the Khanaqin area and settled in Malayer near Hamadan. Incorporated into the army of Iranian ruler Nader Shah (1736-1747), they were moved to Khorasan. The Zands and other tribes of the Zagros Mountains managed to return home following Nader's assassination in 1747. Many returned to Lorestan according to M. Reza Hamzeh'ee, while Soane notes that parts of tribe ultimately returned to Khanaqin. The tribe is most known for their member, Karim Khan Zand, who founded the Zand dynasty, ruling from 1751 till his death in 1779. His death was followed by internal conflicts for his succession which resulted in the weakening of the dynasty, ending with the defeat of Karim Khan's nephew Lotf Ali Khan by the Qajar ruler Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (r. 1789-1797). The tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Kurdish
Southern Kurdish () is one of the dialects of the Kurdish language, spoken predominantly in northeastern Iraq and western Iran. The Southern Kurdish-speaking region spans from Khanaqin in Iraq to Dehloran southward and Asadabad eastward in Iran. Name 'Southern Kurdish' is a linguistic term for a group of related dialects in Western Iran. Speakers are not familiar with the term and do not refer to the language as such. They generally identify the kind of Kurdish they speak as a local dialect (the Kurdish of a given village), or as a regional variety such as "Garūsi". Variants Southern Kurdish has many variants, linguist Fattah divides them into 35 varieties. These include: * Bîcarî ** The most septentrional variety of Southern Kurdish spoken in and around Bijar in Iran. Bîcarî is the only Southern Kurdish variety detached from the greater Southern Kurdish-speaking region. * Qurweyî (Chahar Dawli Xarbi) ** The Quwreyî variety is spoken around Ghorveh in Iran an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Districts Of Iraq
Iraq's 19 governorates of Iraq, governorates are subdivided into 120 districts (''kaza, qada''). The district usually bears the same name as the district capital. The districts are listed below, by governorate (with capital in parentheses): Al Anbar Governorate * Al-Qa'im District (Al-Qa'im (town), Al-Qa'im) * Ar-Rutba District (Ar-Rutba) * Anah District (Anah) * Fallujah District (Fallujah) * Haditha District (Haditha) * Hīt District (Hīt) * Ramadi District (Ramadi) * Rawah District (Rawah) Muthanna Governorate * Al-Khidhir District (Al-Khidhir) * Al-Rumaitha District (Al-Rumaitha) * Al-Salman District (Al-Salman) * Al-Samawa District (Samawa) Qadisiyyah Governorate * Afaq District (Afaq) * Al-Shamiya District (Al-Shamiya) * Diwaniya District (Diwaniya) * Hamza District (Hamza) Babil Governorate * Al-Mahawil District (Al-Mahawil) * Al-Musayab District (Al-Musayab) * Hashimiya District (Hashimiya) * Hilla District (Hilla) Baghdad Governorate * Administrati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Highway 5 (Iraq)
Highway 5 is an Iraqi highway which extends from Baqubah to the Khosravi, Kermanshah, Khosravi border crossing and to Qasr-e Shirin in Iran. It passes through Muqdadiyah, As Sadiyah, Iraq, As Sa'Diyah and Khanaqin. References Roads in Iraq {{Iraq-transport-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annazids
The Annazids or Banu Annaz, Ayyarids, Banu Ayyar (990/991–late 12th century) was a Kurdish Sunni Muslim dynasty which ruled an oscillating territory on the present-day frontier between Iran and Iraq for about 130 years. The Annazids were related by marriage to the Hasanwayhids who they were in fierce rivalry with. The legitimacy of the Annazid rulers stemmed from the Buyid amir Bahāʾ al-Dawla and the dynasty relied on the Shadhanjan Kurds. Although Annazid authority declined in several generations, the dynasty did not disappear. In late 12th century, Surkhab III ibn Annaz was a ruler of Luristan. Etymology Ali ibn al-Athir stated that the name ʿAnnāz derived from the word ''ʿanz'' meaning 'she goat' and signifies the owner, merchant, or shepherd of goats. However, Sharafkhan Bidlisi and Hamdallah Mustawfi put forward the name ''Banū ʿAyyār'' arguing that the Arabic word ''ayyār'' meaning 'smart' or 'shrewd' was also common in Kurdish and Persian and was used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suramiri (tribe)
Suramiri(, , ), is a Kurdish tribe living in western and southwestern Iran, as well as parts of eastern Iraq. History Sorameri is short for Sorkheh Mehri, which means "a red-haired mir". The Sorameri Kurds are scattered around the provinces of Hamadan, Lorestan, Ilam, Khuzestan, Kermanshah, Sorkheh Mehri, and Cham Seyl in Iran, and the cities of Khanaqin, Badra, and Ali al-Gharbi in Iraq. The Suramirifollow Shia Islam and speak Southern Kurdish. Some consider this tribe to be off sasanian origins See also * Feyli * Kalhor * Kurds Kurds (), or the Kurdish people, are an Iranian peoples, Iranic ethnic group from West Asia. They are indigenous to Kurdistan, which is a geographic region spanning southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northeastern Syri ... References {{Kurdish tribes Diyala Governorate Ilam province Kermanshah province Lorestan province Hamadan province Khuzestan province Kurdish tribes Shia communities Iranian Kurdistan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ba'athist Arabization Campaigns In Northern Iraq
Between 1968 and 2003, the ruling Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of the Iraqi Republic perpetrated multiple campaigns of demographic engineering against the country's non-Arabs. While Arabs constitute the majority of Iraq's population as a whole, they are not the majority in all parts of northern Iraq. In an attempt to Arabize the north, the Iraqi government pursued a policy of ethnic cleansing, killing and forcefully displacing a large number of Iraqi minorities—predominantly Kurds, but also Turkmen, Yazidis, Assyrians, Shabaks and Armenians, among others—and subsequently allotting the cleared land to Arab settlers. In 1978 and 1979 alone, 600 Kurdish villages were burned down and around 200,000 Kurds were deported to other parts of Iraq. As a part of the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict, the campaigns represent a major chapter of the historical ethno-cultural friction between Arabs and Kurds in the Middle East. Rooted in the doctrines of Ba'athism, the Iraqi government polic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
