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Khalistani Movement
The Khalistan movement is a separatist movement seeking to create a homeland for Sikhs by establishing an ethno-religious sovereign state called Khalistan () in the Punjab region. The proposed boundaries of Khalistan vary between different groups; some suggest the entirety of the Sikh-majority Indian state of Punjab, while larger claims include Pakistani Punjab and other parts of North India such as Chandigarh, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh.Crenshaw, Martha (1995). ''Terrorism in Context'', Pennsylvania State University, . p. 364. The call for a separate Sikh state began during the 1930s, when British rule in India was nearing its end. In 1940, the first explicit call for Khalistan was made in a pamphlet titled "Khalistan". In the 1940s, a demand for a Sikh country called 'Sikhistan' arose. With financial and political support from the Sikh diaspora, the movement flourished in the Indian state of Punjab – which has a Sikh-majority population – continuing through the 1970 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jagjit Singh Chohan
Jagjit Singh Chohan (1929–4 April 2007) was an Indian political activist who was a leader of the Sikh Khalistan movement that sought to create a sovereign Sikh state in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. Chohan established the Council of Khalistan at Anandpur Sahib on 12 April 1980 and became its first self‐styled president. Politics Jagjit Singh grew up in Tanda in Punjab's Hoshiarpur district, about 180 km from Chandigarh into a Sikh Rajput family. He was a dentist. Chohan was first elected to the Punjab Assembly from the Tanda as a candidate of the Republican Party of India in 1967. He became Deputy Speaker when the Akali Dal-led coalition Government took office in Punjab. When Lachhman Singh Gill became Chief Minister, Chohan was made Finance Minister. In 1969, he lost the Assembly election. Activity overseas Two years after losing the Punjab Assembly elections in 1969, Chohan moved to the United Kingdom to start his campaign for creation of Khalistan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babbar Khalsa International
Babbar Khalsa, officially Babbar Khalsa International (BKI, , ), is a Khalistani militant organisation that aims to create an independent nation-state of Khalistan in the Punjab region. It has used armed attacks, assassinations and bombings in aid of that goal, and is deemed to be a terrorist entity by various governments. Besides India, it operates in North America and Europe. BKI was created in 1978 after clashes with the Nirankari sect of Sikhs. It was active throughout the 1980s in the Punjab insurgency and gained international notoriety in June 1985, for killing 329 civilians (mostly Canadians) in Air India Flight 182 in Canada's worst case of mass murder and for the associated 1985 Narita International Airport bombinga bungled attempt at mass murder on a second Air India flight on the same day. Its influence declined in the 1990s after several of its senior leaders were killed in encounters with Indian police. The organisation is officially banned and designated as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beant Singh (politician)
Beant Singh (19 February 1922 – 31 August 1995) was an Indian politician and the 12th Chief Minister of Punjab from 1992 until his assassination by suicide bombing. He was a member of Indian National Congress. Early life Beant was born in Jhajj Jat Sikh Family from Bilaspur village near Doraha in Ludhiana District. The family migrated to Canal colonies of the West Punjab but shifted to village Kotli (Kotla Afghana) near Payal in the Ludhiana district after partition. He completed his education from the Government College Lahore. At the age of 23, he joined the army but after two years of service, decided to make a switch to politics and social work. Political career After the 1947 partition, Beant Singh entered Punjab politics. In 1960 he was elected chairman of block ''samiti'' (committee) of Doraha, in Ludhiana district. After serving for some time as Director of the Central cooperative bank in Ludhiana, Beant Singh entered the Punjab Vidhan Sabha (assembly) as an in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India Abroad
''India Abroad'' was a weekly newspaper published from New York City, which focuses on Indian news meant for an Indian American, Indian diaspora and expatriate audience. The publication is known for its annual award ceremony for the "India Abroad Person of the Year." ''India Abroad'' was founded by Indian American publisher Gopal Raju in 1970. ''India Abroad'' calls itself "the oldest Indian newspaper published in North America." Under Raju's guidance, ''India Abroad'' quickly gained a reputation as one of the most credible, well-researched voices for the Indian American community. The Economist, a British weekly international affairs magazine, referred to ''India Abroad'' as a daily publication of “unusually high quality”. Since 2002, the publication has been honoring Indian-American achievers at the annual India Abroad Person of the Year award ceremony. The following are the list of winners. Raju sold ''India Abroad'' to Rediff.com in April 2001, which as of 2009 owns ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seattle Post-Intelligencer
The ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'' (popularly known as the ''Seattle P-I'', the ''Post-Intelligencer'', or simply the ''P-I'') is an online newspaper and former print newspaper based in Seattle, Washington (state), Washington, United States. The newspaper was founded in 1863 as the weekly ''Seattle Gazette'', and was later published daily in broadsheet format. It was long one of the city's two daily newspapers, along with ''The Seattle Times'', until it became an online-only publication on March 18, 2009. History J.R. Watson founded the ''Seattle Gazette'', Seattle's first newspaper, on December 10, 1863. The paper failed after a few years and was renamed the ''Weekly Intelligencer'' in 1867 by new owner Sam Maxwell. In 1878, after publishing the ''Intelligencer'' as a morning daily, printer Thaddeus Hanford bought the ''Daily Intelligencer'' for $8,000. Hanford also acquired Beriah Brown's daily ''Puget Sound Dispatch'' and the weekly ''Pacific Tribune'' and folded both pap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Blue Star
Operation Blue Star was a military operation by the Indian Armed Forces conducted between 1 and 10 June 1984 to remove Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and other Sikh militants from the Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib), a holy site of Sikhism, and its adjacent buildings. A long-standing movement advocating for greater political rights for the Khalsa, Sikh community had previously existed in the Indian state of Punjab, India, Punjab, and in 1973, Sikh activists presented the Indian government with the Anandpur Sahib Resolution, a list of demands for greater autonomy for Punjab. The resolution was rejected by the Indian government. In July 1982, Harchand Singh Longowal, the president of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal, invited Bhindranwale, who was wanted by authorities, to take up residence in the Golden Temple to evade arrest. Bhindranwale had organized killer squads to eliminate supposed enemies of Sikhism. From the Harmandir Sahib complex, Bhindranwale orchestrated mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arun Vaidya
General Arunkumar Shridhar Vaidya (27 July 1926 – 10 August 1986) was an Indian Army general. He served as the 12th Chief of the Army Staff from 1983 to 1986. Following his retirement, he was assassinated by Harjinder Singh Jinda and Sukhdev Singh Sukha in August 1986, for his role in Operation Blue Star in 1984. Family and early life Vaidya was born in Bombay on 27 July 1926 to a Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu (CKP) family, the son of Shridhar Balkrishna Vaidya CIE, a barrister and sometime district collector of Surat, and his wife Indira. After his early education at Pune, Vaidya studied at Elphinstone High School in Bombay before joining Elphinstone College and later the M. T. B. Arts College at Surat, presumably transferring due to his father's posting there as district collector. At Elphinstone College, Vaidya joined the 1st Bombay Battalion of the University Training Corps (UTC) and was awarded Best Cadet in 1942 before transferring to the MTB College, where he als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khalistan Commando Force
The Khalistan Commando Force (KCF) is a Sikh Khalistani militant organisation operating in the state of Punjab, India with prominent members based in Canada, United Kingdom and Pakistan. Its objective is the creation of a Sikh independent state of Khalistan through armed struggle. KCF is also responsible for many assassinations in India, including the 1995 assassination of Punjab Chief Minister Beant Singh. It is designated as a terrorist organisation by the Government of India. Objective The creation of a Sikh independent state of Khalistan through armed struggle is their primary goal. KCF primarily targeted Indian security forces including CRPF, BSF and other police forces. It targeted Hindus who were against the Khalistan movement. The primary source of funding of KCF is looting, bank robbery and extortion. It is also involved in large scale smuggling of weapons from Pakistan to India across the International border. History Khalistan Commando Force was founded by t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babbar Khalsa
Babbar Khalsa, officially Babbar Khalsa International (BKI, , ), is a Khalistani militant organisation that aims to create an independent nation-state of Khalistan in the Punjab region. It has used armed attacks, assassinations and bombings in aid of that goal, and is deemed to be a terrorist entity by various governments. Besides India, it operates in North America and Europe. BKI was created in 1978 after clashes with the Nirankari sect of Sikhs. It was active throughout the 1980s in the Punjab insurgency and gained international notoriety in June 1985, for killing 329 civilians (mostly Canadians) in Air India Flight 182 in Canada's worst case of mass murder and for the associated 1985 Narita International Airport bombinga bungled attempt at mass murder on a second Air India flight on the same day. Its influence declined in the 1990s after several of its senior leaders were killed in encounters with Indian police. The organisation is officially banned and designated as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Groups Of Khalistan Movement
The Khalistan movement is an independence movement seeking to create a separate homeland for Sikhs by establishing a sovereign Sikh state called Khalistan (" land of the Khalsa") in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. It is also known as Sikhistan sometimes. The proposed boundaries of Khalistan vary among different groups, but typically include the Sikh-majority state of Punjab and potentially Punjabi-speaking areas of neighboring states. This page depicts the list of Khalistani separatist organizations. Pro-Khalistan separatist organizations # Akali Dal (Waris Punjab De) # All India Sikh Students Federation # Council of Khalistan # Dal Khalsa # Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) #Sikh Federation (UK) # Sikhs for Justice # Waris Punjab De # World Sikh Organization #Akali Dal #All India Shiromani Akali Dal #Anandpur Khalsa Fouj (AKF) #Australian Sikh Council #Azad Khalistan #Bhindranwale Militant Group #California Sikh Youth Alliance #Khalistan Affairs Center #Khalistan Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 Sikh–Nirankari Clash
The 1978 Sikh–Nirankari clash occurred between the Sant Nirankari Mission and Sikhs of Damdami Taksal and Akhand Kirtani Jatha on 13 April 1978 in Amritsar, Punjab, India. Sixteen people—thirteen traditional Sikhs and three Nirankari followers—were killed in the ensuing violence, occurring when some Akhand Kirtani Jatha and Damdami Taksal members led by Fauja Singh protested against and tried to stop a convention of Sant Nirankari Mission followers. This incident is considered to be a starting point in the events leading to Operation Blue Star and the 1980s Insurgency in Punjab. Background The Sant Nirankari Mission splintered from the Nirankari sect in the 20th century. Nirankari, a movement within Sikhism, started in the mid-19th century. Their belief in a living guru as opposed to the scriptural guru, Guru Granth Sahib, developing over the decades especially in one branch, resulted in their difference with traditional Sikhs, though they were tolerated. A Nirankari hy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
