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Khalil Raad
Khalil Raad (, 1854–1957) was a Lebanese people, Lebanese photographer who was known as "Palestine (region), Palestine's first Arab photographer." His works include over 1230 glass plates, tens of postcards, and as yet unpublished negative film, films that document political events and daily life in Lebanon, Palestine (region), Palestine, and Syria over the course of fifty years. Early life Raad was born in 1869 in Bhamdoun, in modern-day Lebanon. His father, Anis, had fled from the family's village of Sibnay after converting to Protestantism from the Maronite faith. During the 1860 Lebanon conflict, 1860 sectarian strife afflicting the mountain regions, Raad's father was killed. Following his death, Raad's mother took him and his sister, Sarah, to Jerusalem where they resided with relatives. Photography and personal life Raad first studied photography under Garabed Krikorian, an Armenians, Armenian-Palestinians, Palestinian graduate of a photography workshop established by I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhamdoun
Bhamdoun (), is a town in Lebanon from Beirut on the main road that leads to Damascus and in the suburbs of the main tourist city of Aley, lying at an altitude of above the Lamartine valley. Geography Two separate villages compose the town, ''Bhamdoun-el-mhatta'' (literally meaning "Bhamdoun the station") and ''Bhamdoun-el-day'aa'' ("Bhamdoun the village"). A railroad used to link Bhamdoun to Beirut with the train station being a prominent feature of the town for many years. The station and railroad were eventually abandoned when cars became more popular. History During the 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus, 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon, the Druze spared the village of Bhamdun from attack, due to appeals of the resident American missionary to prevent violence. Tourism Before the Lebanese civil war, Bhamdoun was one of Lebanon's most renowned and favorite summer resorts. Today, the town has regained some of its past tourism industry as most of its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garabed Krikorian
Garabed Krikorian was an Armenian photographer known for his pioneering work in photography in Jerusalem during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is regarded as one of the earliest and famous professional photographers in the region and played a significant role in documenting the people, landscapes, and historic sites of Palestine during the Ottoman and British Mandate periods. Background Karapet Grigoryan was born in Smyrna (modern-day İzmir, Turkey) into an Armenian family. In 1859, at the age of twelve, he moved to Jerusalem to pursue his education at a local school. There, he was introduced to photography through the school workshops established in 1860 by Isaiah Garabedian, who later became the Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem. Garabedian, who initially served as a photographer for the Armenian Patriarchate, later founded his own photography studio. Following his election as Patriarch, the studio’s operations were continued by his students, including Karapet G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebron
Hebron (; , or ; , ) is a Palestinian city in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Hebron is capital of the Hebron Governorate, the largest Governorates of Palestine, governorate in the West Bank. With a population of 201,063 in the city limits, the adjacent metropolitan area within the governorate is home to over 700,000 people. Hebron spans across an area of . It is the List of cities in Palestine, third largest city in the country after Gaza City, Gaza and East Jerusalem. The city is often considered one of the Four Holy Cities, four holy cities in Judaism as well as in Islam and Christianity. It is considered one of the oldest cities in the Levant. According to the Bible, Abraham settled in Hebron and bought the Cave of the Patriarchs as burial place for his wife Sarah. Biblical tradition holds that the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, along with their wives Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah, were buried in the cave. The city is also recognized in the Bible as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1948 Palestinian Exodus
In the 1948 Palestine war, more than 700,000 Palestinian Arabs – about half of Mandatory Palestine's predominantly Arab population – fled from their homes or were expelled. Expulsions and attacks against Palestinians were carried out by the Zionist paramilitaries Haganah, Irgun, and Lehi, which merged to become the Israel Defense Forces after the establishment of Israel part way through the war. The expulsion and flight was a central component of the fracturing, dispossession, and displacement of Palestinian society, known as the Nakba. Dozens of massacres targeting Arabs were conducted by Israeli military forces and between 400 and 600 Palestinian villages were destroyed. Village wells were poisoned in a biological warfare programme and properties were looted to prevent Palestinian refugees from returning. Other sites were subject to Hebraization of Palestinian place names. The precise number of Palestinian refugees, many of whom settled in Palestinian refugee camp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zionism
Zionism is an Ethnic nationalism, ethnocultural nationalist movement that emerged in History of Europe#From revolution to imperialism (1789–1914), Europe in the late 19th century that aimed to establish and maintain a national home for the Jews, Jewish people, pursued through the colonization of Palestine (region), Palestine, a region roughly corresponding to the Land of Israel in Judaism, with central importance in Jewish history. Zionists wanted to create a Jewish state in Palestine with as much land, as many Jews, and as few Palestinian people, Palestinian Arabs as possible. Zionism initially emerged in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe as a secular nationalist movement in the late 19th century, in reaction to newer waves of antisemitism and in response to the Haskalah, or Jewish Enlightenment. The arrival of Zionist settlers to Palestine during this period is widely seen as the start of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The Zionist claim to Palestine was base ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syro-Palestinian Archaeology
Levantine archaeology is the archaeological study of the Levant. It is also known as Syro-Palestinian archaeology or Palestinian archaeology (particularly when the area of inquiry centers on ancient PalestineOn page 16 of his book, Rast notes that the term Palestine is commonly used by archaeologists in Jordan and Israel to refer to the region encompassed by modern-day Israel, Jordan and the West Bank. On page ix, he defines "ancient Palestine" the same way but also includes the Gaza Strip.). Besides its importance to the discipline of Biblical archaeology, the Levant is highly important when forming an understanding of the history of the earliest peoples of the Stone Age. Current archaeological digs in Israel are carried out by the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA), and in the areas governed by the Palestinian Authority (PA), by its Ministry of Tourism and Antiquity, working under the auspices of the IAA. The Palestinian Authority prohibits unrestricted excavation at sites of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayor
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well as the means by which a mayor is elected or otherwise mandated. Depending on the system chosen, a mayor may be the chief executive officer of the municipal government, may simply chair a multi-member governing body with little or no independent power, or may play a solely ceremonial role. A mayor's duties and responsibilities may be to appoint and oversee municipal managers and employees, provide basic governmental services to constituents, and execute the laws and ordinances passed by a municipal governing body (or mandated by a state, territorial or national governing body). Options for selection of a mayor include direct election by the public, or selection by an elected governing council or board. The term ''mayor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talbiya
Talbiya or Talbiyeh (; ), officially Komemiyut (), is an upscale neighborhood in Jerusalem, between Rehavia and HaMoshava HaGermanit. It is renowned for its eclectic architectural styles, and often regarded as one of the most beautiful neighborhoods in the city. Talbiya was built in the 1920s and 1930s on land purchased from the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem. Most of the early residents were affluent Christian Arabs who built elegant homes with Renaissance, Moorish and Arab architectural motifs, surrounded by trees and flowering gardens. The neighborhood is home to several significant national and municipal buildings, such as Beit HaNassi – the official residence of the President of Israel, the Hansen House, the Jerusalem Theatre, the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, the Van Leer Institute, and the Museum for Islamic Art. History British Mandate The area of Talbiya originally consisted of rocky terrain adorned with olive and mulberry trees. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in European theatre of World War I, Europe and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, Middle East, as well as in parts of African theatre of World War I, Africa and the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I, Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by trench warfare; the widespread use of Artillery of World War I, artillery, machine guns, and Chemical weapons in World War I, chemical weapons (gas); and the introductions of Tanks in World War I, tanks and Aviation in World War I, aircraft. World War I was one of the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated World War I casualties, 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Swiss Alps, Alps and the Jura Mountains, Jura; the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, whereas most of the country's Demographics of Switzerland, 9 million people are concentrated on the plateau, which hosts List of cities in Switzerland, its largest cities and economic centres, including Zurich, Geneva, and Lausanne. Switzerland is a federal republic composed of Cantons of Switzerland, 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern. It has four main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, Italian and Romansh language, Romansh. Although most Swiss are German-speaking, national identity is fairly cohesive, being rooted in a common historical background, shared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaffa Road
Jaffa Road, also called Jaffa Street (; ) is one of the longest and oldest major streets in Jerusalem. It crosses the city from east to west, from the Old City walls to downtown Jerusalem, the western portal of Jerusalem and the Jerusalem-Tel Aviv highway. It is lined with shops, businesses, and restaurants. It joins with Ben Yehuda Street and King George Street to form the Downtown Triangle central business district. Major landmarks along Jaffa Road are Tzahal Square ( IDF square), Safra Square (city hall), Zion Square, Davidka Square, the triple intersection (''Hameshulash'') at King George V Street and Straus Street, the Ben Yehuda Street pedestrian mall, the Mahane Yehuda market, and the Jerusalem Central Bus Station. Most of Jaffa Road has been redeveloped as a car-free pedestrian mall served by the Jerusalem Light Rail. The Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station is located directly adjacent to the Central Bus Station. History Originally paved in 1861 as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
