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Khachiyan
Leonid Genrikhovich Khachiyan (; russian: Леони́д Ге́нрихович Хачия́н; May 3, 1952April 29, 2005) was a Soviet and American mathematician and computer scientist. He was most famous for his ellipsoid algorithm (1979) for linear programming, which was the first such algorithm known to have a polynomial running time. Even though this algorithm was shown to be impractical, it has inspired other randomized algorithms for convex programming and is considered a significant theoretical breakthrough. Early life and education Khachiyan was born on May 3, 1952, in Leningrad to Armenian parents Genrikh Borisovich Khachiyan, a mathematician and professor of theoretical mechanics, and Zhanna Saakovna Khachiyan, a civil engineer. His grandparents were Karabakh Armenians. He had two brothers: Boris and Yevgeniy (Eugene). His family moved to Moscow in 1961, when he was nine. He received a master's degree from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. In 1978 he ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Khachiyan
Anna Leonidovna Khachiyan (; Armenian: Աննա Խաչիյան, born August 23, 1985), is a Russian-American cultural critic, writer, and co-host of the podcast ''Red Scare'' based in New York City. Early life Khachiyan was born in Moscow, USSR, in 1985. In 1990, she immigrated to the United States with her parents and was raised in New Jersey. She is the daughter of the Soviet mathematician and Rutgers University professor Leonid Khachiyan and Olga Pischikova Reynberg. She is of Armenian and Jewish descent. Khachiyan received the Patrick J. Quigley memorial scholarship from Rutgers University in 2006, studying economics and art history and graduating with honors. She went on to pursue a master's degree in art history at New York University, as well as a PhD in Soviet architecture, completing the former and dropping out of the latter. Before ''Red Scare'', Khachiyan worked odd jobs as a restaurant hostess, illustrator and actress. Career On March 29, 2018, Khachi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linear Programming
Linear programming (LP), also called linear optimization, is a method to achieve the best outcome (such as maximum profit or lowest cost) in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships. Linear programming is a special case of mathematical programming (also known as mathematical optimization). More formally, linear programming is a technique for the optimization of a linear objective function, subject to linear equality and linear inequality constraints. Its feasible region is a convex polytope, which is a set defined as the intersection of finitely many half spaces, each of which is defined by a linear inequality. Its objective function is a real-valued affine (linear) function defined on this polyhedron. A linear programming algorithm finds a point in the polytope where this function has the smallest (or largest) value if such a point exists. Linear programs are problems that can be expressed in canonical form as : \begin & \text ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulkerson Prize
The Fulkerson Prize for outstanding papers in the area of discrete mathematics is sponsored jointly by the Mathematical Optimization Society (MOS) and the American Mathematical Society (AMS). Up to three awards of $1,500 each are presented at each (triennial) International Symposium of the MOS. Originally, the prizes were paid out of a memorial fund administered by the AMS that was established by friends of the late Delbert Ray Fulkerson to encourage mathematical excellence in the fields of research exemplified by his work. The prizes are now funded by an endowment administered by MPS. Winners SourceMathematical Optimization Society* 1979: ** Richard M. Karp for classifying many important NP-complete problems. ** Kenneth Appel and Wolfgang Haken for the four color theorem. ** Paul Seymour for generalizing the max-flow min-cut theorem to matroids. * 1982: ** D.B. Judin, Arkadi Nemirovski, Leonid Khachiyan, Martin Grötschel, László Lovász and Alexander Schrijver fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ellipsoid Method
In mathematical optimization, the ellipsoid method is an iterative method for minimizing convex functions. When specialized to solving feasible linear optimization problems with rational data, the ellipsoid method is an algorithm which finds an optimal solution in a number of steps that is polynomial in the input size. The ellipsoid method generates a sequence of ellipsoids whose volume uniformly decreases at every step, thus enclosing a minimizer of a convex function. History The ellipsoid method has a long history. As an iterative method, a preliminary version was introduced by Naum Z. Shor. In 1972, an approximation algorithm for real convex minimization was studied by Arkadi Nemirovski and David B. Yudin (Judin). As an algorithm for solving linear programming problems with rational data, the ellipsoid algorithm was studied by Leonid Khachiyan; Khachiyan's achievement was to prove the polynomial-time solvability of linear programs. This was a notable step from a theoretical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Institute Of Physics And Technology
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT; russian: Московский Физико-Технический институт, also known as PhysTech), is a public university, public research university located in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It prepares specialists in theoretical physics, theoretical and applied physics, applied mathematics and related disciplines. The main MIPT campus is located in Dolgoprudny, a northern suburb of Moscow. However the Department of Aeromechanics and Flight Engineering of MIPT, Aeromechanics Department is based in Zhukovsky (city), Zhukovsky, a suburb south-east of Moscow. In international rankings, the university was ranked 44th by ''The Three University Missions Ranking'' in 2022, In 2020 and 2021, ''Times Higher Education'' ranked MIPT #201 in the world, in 2022 QS World University Ratings ranked it #290 in the world, in 2022 ''U.S. News & World Report'' ranked it #438 in the world, and in 2022 ''Academic Ranking of World Universities'' ran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenians In Russia
Armenians in Russia or Russian Armenians are one of the country's largest ethnic minorities and the largest Armenian diaspora community outside Armenia. The 2010 Russian census recorded 1,182,388 Armenians in the country. Various figures estimate that the ethnic Armenian population in Russia is actually more than 2 million. Armenians populate various regions, including Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Krasnodar Krai in the North Caucasus and as far as Vladivostok in the East. History Early period There has been an Armenian presence in Russia since the Late Middle Ages, when various artisans, merchants and traders ventured west to the Crimea and the northern Caucasus in order to set up trade ties and conduct commerce. Russian Empire The relationship between Armenians and Russian imperial authorities was complex, shaped as often by parallel interests as competing objectives. Large Armenian communities resided both in the Caucasus and in Russian cities well before the modern era. After ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorodnitsyn Computing Centre
Dorodnitsyn Computing Centre (russian: Вычислительный центр им. А. А. Дородницына РАН), known as the Computing Centre of the Academy of Sciences (CC RAS) until 2015, is a research institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. It was established in 1955. Its areas of research include: *Computational Fluid Dynamics *Mathematical Physics *Mathematical modeling of Climatic Ecological Processes and other Nonlinear Phenomena *Solid mechanics and Elastic-Plastic Problems *Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis *Computer Aided Design * Optimization Methods, Linear and Nonlinear programming *Analytical mechanics and Lyapunov's Stability of Motion *Rigid body dynamics and Space Dynamics * Interactive Optimization and Decision support systems * Parallel Computing *Artificial Intelligence *Mathematical modeling of Economic Processes *Software development Anatoly Dorodnitsyn, for whom the centre is named, was its director from 1955&nd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science (journal)
''Science'', also widely referred to as ''Science Magazine'', is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals. It was first published in 1880, is currently circulated weekly and has a subscriber base of around 130,000. Because institutional subscriptions and online access serve a larger audience, its estimated readership is over 400,000 people. ''Science'' is based in Washington, D.C., United States, with a second office in Cambridge, UK. Contents The major focus of the journal is publishing important original scientific research and research reviews, but ''Science'' also publishes science-related news, opinions on science policy and other matters of interest to scientists and others who are concerned with the wide implications of science and technology. Unlike most scientific journals, which focus on a specific field, ''Science'' and its rival ''Nature'' cover the full ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million residents within the city limits, over 17 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in the metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's largest cities; being the most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest urban and metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow grew to become a prosperous and powerful city that served as the capital of the Grand Duchy that bears its name. When the Grand Duchy of Moscow evolved into the Tsardom of Russia, Moscow remained the political and economic center for most of the Tsardom's history. When ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
