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Kebek (Golden Horde)
Kebek or Kepek (Turki/ Kypchak: کبک) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1413 to 1414. Ancestry Kebek was a son of Tokhtamysh and a brother of his immediate predecessor (and successor) Karīm Berdi. They were descendants of Tuqa-Timur, the son of Jochi, the son of Chinggis Khan. Life After their father was killed in battle against Shādī Beg Khan and Nūr ad-Dīn, the son of Edigu, in 1407, the sons of Tokhtamysh dispersed. Some, led by the eldest, Jalāl ad-Dīn, fled to Moscow and then to Lithuania. Others, including Kebek, sought refuge in Sighnaq, under Timurid protection. In early 1409, one of the brothers, Karīm Berdi, briefly seized the capital Sarai. In early 1412, Jalāl ad-Dīn did the same, eliminating his rival, Tīmūr Khan. In October of the same year, however, Jalāl ad-Dīn was murdered by one of his brothers, according to some accounts Kebek. Karīm Berdi became khan again, reversing Jalāl ad-Dīn's policies, showing himself amenable to the reigni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Khans Of The Golden Horde
This is a complete list of khans of the Orda (organization), Ulus of Jochi, better known by its later Russian designation as the Golden Horde, in its right (west) wing and left (east) wing divisions known problematically as the Blue Horde and White Horde, and of its main successor state during a period of disintegration, known as the Great Horde. Khans of the Blue Horde are listed as the principal rulers of the Golden Horde, although many late rulers of the Golden Horde originated from the subordinate White Horde. Following the general convention, the list encompasses the period from the death of Genghis Khan in 1227 to the sack of Sarai (city), Sarai by the Crimean Khanate in 1502. The chronological and genealogical information is often incomplete and contradictory; annotation can be found in the secondary lists in the second part of the article, and in the individual articles on specific monarchs. Secondary list with short biographies The following is a detailed annotated list ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sighnaq
Sighnaq (Turki/ Kypchak: سغناق; ) was an ancient city in Central Asia (in modern Kyzylorda Region). It was the capital of the Blue Horde (i.e., the White Horde of Persian sources), although the city is almost unknown. The region in which Sighnaq was situated was called Farab. It was located between the settlements of Isfijab and Jand. The name means 'place of refuge', a name that is found also in other regions, especially in Transcaucasia. According to Hayton of Corycus, Sighnaq was located in the Karatau Mountains, from where the river Kara Ichuk, a tributary of Syr Darya, emanates. Klaproth says that the city was located on the banks of Mutkan, a right hand side tributary of Syr Darya, that emanates from the Karatau mountains, but he does not mention his source. Sherif al-Din speaks of Sabran and Sighnaq as two border cities of Turkestan and says that Sighnaq was located 40 km from Otrar; the biographical book called ''Tabakatol hanefiyet'', by Ketevi, placed it ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khans Of The Golden Horde
Khan may refer to: * Khan (surname), including a list of people with the name * Khan (title), a royal title for a ruler in Mongol and Turkic languages and used by various ethnicities Art and entertainment * Khan (band), an English progressive rock band in the 1970s * ''Khan!'' (TV series), a 1975 American police detective television series * ''Khan'' (serial), a 2017 Pakistani television drama serial * Khan Noonien Singh, a prominent ''Star Trek'' villain in an original series episode and the principal antagonist in ''Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan'' (1982), then later ''Star Trek Into Darkness'' (2013) * The title character of ''Citizen Khan'', a British sitcom produced by the BBC * Khan Doorman, Uzi Doorman's father from the web series '' Murder Drones'' (2021-2024) Radio * KHAN (FM), a defunct radio station (99.5 FM) formerly licensed to serve Chugwater, Wyoming, United States * KBGB, a radio station (105.7 FM) licensed to serve Kensett, Arkansas, United States, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1414 Deaths
Year 1414 ( MCDXIV) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 7 – Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg becomes the 28th Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, succeeding Heinrich von Plauen. * January 9 – The Oldcastle Revolt, led by John Oldcastle as an uprising by the Lollards in England against King Henry V, begins at St. Giles' Fields. King Henry's troops, stationed at Clerkenwell Priory in London, halt the rebellion the next day and capture 80 rebels who are later convicted of and executed for treason. * February 11 – The coronation of Ferdinand I as King of Aragon takes place at Zaragoza. * February 26 – The speech given by French theologian Jean Petit of the "Council of Faith", including nine propositions drawn from the speech, is publicly burned by order of the inquisitor, Gerard de Montaigu, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Paris. * March 9 – Abu’l-Faḍl Abbas Al-Musta'in, pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yeremferden
Jabbār Berdi (Turki/ Kypchak and Persian: جبار بردی; the name is rendered as Yeremferden in some western sources), was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1414 to 1415 and again from 1416 to 1417. Ancestry Jabbār Berdi was a son of Tokhtamysh, and a brother of his immediate predecessor Karīm Berdi. They were descendants of Tuqa-Timur, the son of Jochi, the son of Chinggis Khan. Reign Tokhtamysh's son Karīm Berdi broke with his family's traditional alliance with Grand Prince Vytautas of Lithuania, and assumed a hostile attitude. Vytautas responded by setting up as rival khan Karīm Berdi's brother Kebek, but Kebek's displacement of Karīm Berdi in 1413 would not last. By 1414, Karīm Berdi had killed Kebek and recovered his throne. Undaunted, Vytautas proclaimed another son of Tokhtamysh, Jabbār Berdi, as khan and sent him against Karīm Berdi. Jabbār Berdi defeated his brother and took power later in 1414. He naturally favored cooperation with Lithuania, and benefit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolghar
Bolghar (; Tatar language, Tatar: Болгар, بلغار, ''Bolğar''; Chuvash language, Chuvash: Аслă Пăлхар, ''Aslă Pălhar'') was intermittently the capital of Volga Bulgaria from the 10th to the 13th centuries, along with Bilär, Bilyar and Nur-Suvar. It was situated on the bank of the Volga River, about 30 km downstream from its confluence with the Kama River and some 130 km from modern Kazan in what is now Spassky District, Republic of Tatarstan, Spassky District. West of it lies a small modern town, since 1991 known as Bolgar, Spassky District, Republic of Tatarstan, Bolgar. The UNESCO World Heritage Committee inscribed Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex (ancient Bolghar hill fort) to the World Heritage List in 2014. History The city is supposed to have been the capital of Volga Bulgaria from as early as the 10th century. Regular Kievan Rus' incursions along the Volga, and internecine fights, forced the Volga Bulgars, Bulgar kings (kha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanate Of Sibir
The Khanate of Sibir (; ) was a Tatar state in western Siberia. It was founded at the end of the 15th century, following the break-up of the Golden Horde.Сибирское ханство // Большая советская энциклопедия : / гл. ред. . — 3-е изд. — М. : Советская энциклопедия, 1969—1978. Throughout its history, members of the Shaybanid and Taibugid dynasties often contested the rulership over the Khanate between each other; both of these competing tribes were direct patrilineal descendants of Genghis Khan through his eldest son Jochi and Jochi's fifth son Shayban (Shiban) (died 1266). The area of the Khanate had once formed an integral part of the Mongol Empire, and later came under the control of the White Horde, and under the Golden Horde from 1242 to 1468. The Khanate of Sibir had an ethnically diverse population of Turkic peoples – Siberian Tatars and various Uralic p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feodosia
Feodosia (, ''Feodosiia, Teodosiia''; , ''Feodosiya''), also called in English Theodosia (from ), is a city on the Crimean coast of the Black Sea. Feodosia serves as the administrative center of Feodosia Municipality, one of the regions into which Crimea is divided. During much of its history, the city was a significant settlement known as Caffa () or Kaffa ( Old Crimean Tatar/Ottoman Turkish: ; Crimean Tatar/). According to the 2014 census, its population was 69,145. History Theodosia (Greek colony) The city was founded as ''Theodosia'' (Θεοδοσία) by Greek colonists from Miletos in the 6th century BC. Noted for its rich agricultural lands, on which its trade depended, the city was destroyed by the Huns in the 4th century AD. Theodosia remained a minor village for much of the next nine hundred years. It was at times part of the sphere of influence of the Khazars (excavations have revealed Khazar artifacts dating back to the 9th century) and of the Byzantine Empi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Genoa
The Republic of Genoa ( ; ; ) was a medieval and early modern Maritime republics, maritime republic from the years 1099 to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italy, Italian coast. During the Late Middle Ages, it was a major commercial power in both the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and Black Sea. Between the 16th and 17th centuries, it was one of the major financial centres of Europe. Throughout its history, the Genoese Republic established Genoese colonies, numerous colonies throughout the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, including Corsica from 1347 to 1768, Monaco, Gazaria (Genoese colonies), Southern Crimea from 1266 to 1475, and the islands of Lesbos and Chios from the 14th century to 1462 and 1566, respectively. With the arrival of the early modern period, the Republic had lost many of its colonies, and shifted its focus to banking. This was successful for Genoa, which remained a hub of capitalism, with highly developed banks and trading companies. Genoa was known as ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimea
Crimea ( ) is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop connects the peninsula to Kherson Oblast in mainland Ukraine. To the east, the Crimean Bridge, constructed in 2018, spans the Strait of Kerch, linking the peninsula with Krasnodar Krai in Russia. The Arabat Spit, located to the northeast, is a narrow strip of land that separates the Syvash lagoons from the Sea of Azov. Across the Black Sea to the west lies Romania and to the south is Turkey. The population is 2.4 million, and the largest city is Sevastopol. The region, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, has been under Russian occupation of Crimea, Russian occupation since 2014. Called the Tauric Peninsula until the early modern period, Crimea has historically been at the boundary between the Classical antiquity, classical world and the Pontic–Caspian steppe, steppe. Greeks in pre-Rom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vytautas
Vytautas the Great (; 27 October 1430) was a ruler of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He was also the prince of Grodno (1370–1382), prince of Lutsk (1387–1389), and the postulated king of the Hussites. In modern Lithuania, Vytautas is revered as a Folk hero, national hero and was an important figure in the Lithuanian National Revival, national rebirth in the 19th century. ''Vytautas'' is a popular male given Lithuanian name, name in Lithuania. In commemoration of the 500-year anniversary of his death, Vytautas Magnus University was named after him. Monuments in his honour were built in many towns in independent Lithuania during the History of Lithuania#Independent interwar Lithuania (1918–1940), interwar period from 1918 to 1939. Vytautas knew and spoke the Lithuanian language with his cousin Władysław II Jagiełło, Jogaila. Struggle for power 1377–1384 Vytautas' uncle Algirdas had been Grand Duke of Lithuania until his death in 1377. Algirdas and Vytautas' father K� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders of Russia, land borders with fourteen countries. Russia is the List of European countries by population, most populous country in Europe and the List of countries and dependencies by population, ninth-most populous country in the world. It is a Urbanization by sovereign state, highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, the List of metropolitan areas in Europe, most populous metropolitan area in Europe, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg is its second-largest city and Society and culture in Saint Petersburg, cultural centre. Human settlement on the territory of modern Russia dates back to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
