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Kazys Uscila
Kazys Uscila (born 13 May 1945 in Naručionys (now Elektrėnai Municipality), near to Vievis, Trakai district) is a Lithuanian journalist, translator of Polish and Russian literature. Life After completing secondary school, Kazys Uscila graduated from Vilnius Pedagogical School and then worked as a teacher in the Trakai district. From 1965 to 1971, he studied journalism at Vilnius University in the Lithuanian capital Vilnius. From 1967, he was a member of the editorial staff of the newspapers. From 1985 he was press instructor of the Central Committee of the Lithuanian Communist Party and correspondent of the Russian state information agency TASS of the Soviet Union. From 1993 he worked in Vilnius as Lithuanian correspondent for the Russian information agency Interfax (Moscow), which was founded in 1989 as the first non-state news agency in the Soviet Union. Since 1987, he has translated works by Polish historians such as Teodor Narbutt, Józef Ignacy Kraszewski and conte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elektrėnai Municipality
Elektrėnai () is a city of about 11,000 inhabitants in Vilnius County, Lithuania; since 2000 it has been the capital of the Elektrėnai Municipality. It is situated between the two largest cities in Lithuania – Vilnius and Kaunas. History Historically, two villages were located in the area; one of those was Perkūnkiemis (Lithuanian: '' Thunder's yard''). Elektrėnai is one of the newest towns of Lithuania, having been established during the Soviet occupation in the early 1960s as the living space for workers of the nearby power plant. It was expanded in the 1980s and early 1990s as a residence for builders and workers at the nearby Kruonis Pumped Storage Plant. The name of the new town was derived from word ''elektra'' (English: ''electricity'') – a borrowing to Lithuanian language from Greek. ''Gintarėnai'' (''gintaras'' – Lithuanian word for amber) was another name considered, but was rejected before the start of the construction. Most of the buildings in Elektrė ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow
Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents within the city limits, over 19.1 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in Moscow metropolitan area, its metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's List of largest cities, largest cities, being the List of European cities by population within city limits, most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest List of urban areas in Europe, urban and List of metropolitan areas in Europe, metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow became the capital of the Grand Principality of Moscow, which led the unification of the Russian lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1945 Births
1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat. Events World War II will be abbreviated as “WWII” January * January 1 – WWII: ** Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte, an attempt by the ''Luftwaffe'' to cripple Allied air forces in the Low Countries. ** Chenogne massacre: German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the village of Chenogne, Belgium. * January 6 – WWII: A German offensive recaptures Esztergom, Hungary from the Soviets. * January 9 – WWII: American and Australian troops land at Lingayen Gulf on western coast of the largest Philippine island of Luzon, occupied by Japan since 1942. * January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive in Eastern Europe, against the German Army. * January 13 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the East Prussia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Merit Of The Republic Of Poland
The Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland () is a Polish order of merit created in 1974, awarded to persons who have rendered great service to Poland. It is granted to foreigners or Poles resident abroad. As such, it is sometimes referred to as a traditional "diplomatic order". History The order was established by an act of 10 April 1974, as the Order of Merit of the Polish People's Republic (''Order Zasługi Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej''). The need for the new order had arisen since the Order of the White Eagle had fallen into disuse after the foundation of the People's Republic. Reflecting this history, the two orders utilized similar colors and designs. The Order of Merit of the Polish People's Republic was awarded in five classes: Grand Cordon of the Order, Commandery with Star, Commandery, Gold Badge of the Order, and Silver Badge of the Order. It was awarded by the Polish Council of State. After the fall of communism in Poland in 1989, it was decided to retain t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZAiKS
The Society of Authors ZAiKS (, where the acronym stands for the Society′s original founding name, ''Society of Authors and Stage Composers'', or ''ZAiKS''), established 1918, was for many years the sole legal Polish copyright collective, and has remained the dominant one, following the loss of its ''de facto'' government-granted monopoly in 1995 as a result of entry into force of the new copyright law of Poland. It is a member of BIEM, CISAC and GESAC. Its headquarters are located in Warsaw at the ″House Under the Kings″, the former seat of the Załuski Library. The organization represents artists and composers with the mission of "defending their copyright rights". It has been subject to some criticism, for example for claiming rights to collect royalties for artists who are not its members, as well as for monopolistic practices. At one point the organization declared that it wants to collect royalties for works distributed under free license A free license o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU),. Abbreviated in Russian as КПСС, ''KPSS''. at some points known as the Russian Communist Party (RCP), All-Union Communist Party and Bolshevik Party, and sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist Party (SCP), was the founding and ruling political party of the Soviet Union. The CPSU was the One-party state, sole governing party of the Soviet Union until 1990 when the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union, Congress of People's Deputies modified Article 6 of the Soviet Constitution, Article 6 of the 1977 Soviet Constitution, which had previously granted the CPSU a monopoly over the political system. The party's main ideology was Marxism–Leninism. The party was outlawed under Russian President Boris Yeltsin's decree on 6 November 1991, citing the 1991 Soviet coup attempt as a reason. The party started in 1898 as part of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. In 1903, that party split into a Menshevik ("mino ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrzej Sapkowski
Andrzej Sapkowski (; born 21 June 1948) is a Polish fantasy writer. He is best known for his series of books '' The Witcher'', which revolves around the eponymous monster-hunter, Geralt of Rivia. The saga has been popularized through television, stage, comic books, video games and translated into 37 languages making him the second most-translated Polish science fiction and fantasy writer after Stanisław Lem. Described as the "Polish Tolkien", he has written multiple novels and short story collections, selling over 30 million copies worldwide. The influence of Slavic mythology is seen as a characteristic feature of many of his works. He is a five-time recipient of the Zajdel Award, Poland's most popular science fiction and fantasy prize, as well as many other awards and honors including David Gemmell Award, World Fantasy Life Achievement Award and the Gloria Artis Medal for Merit to Culture. Early life He was born on 21 June 1948 in Łódź, in central Poland. His fath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krzysztof Zanussi
Krzysztof Pius Zanussi (born 17 June 1939) is a Polish film and theatre director, producer and screenwriter. He is a professor of European film at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland where he conducts a summer workshop. He is also a professor at the Krzysztof Kieślowski Film School of the University of Silesia in Katowice. He is the recipient of the Golden Lion at the 1984 Venice Film Festival for '' A Year of the Quiet Sun'', the Jury Prize at the 1980 Cannes Film Festival for '' The Constant Factor'' as well as two Grands Prix at the 1977 and 2000 Gdynia Film Festival for '' Camouflage'' and '' Life as a Fatal Sexually Transmitted Disease,'' respectively. Biography Zanussi was born in 1939 in Warsaw as an only child of Jerzy Zanussi and Wanda (''née'' Niewiadomska). His father was of Italian ancestry and worked as a structural engineer. Zanussi studied physics at Warsaw University (Uniwersytet Warszawski) and philosophy at the Jagiellonian Univ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiesław Myśliwski
Wiesław Myśliwski (Polish pronunciation: ; born 25 March 1932 in Dwikozy, near Sandomierz) is a Polish novelist. He is a two-time recipient of the Nike Award, the most important literary prize for Polish literature. Life and work He was born to a middle class family and raised in Ćmielów, where his father had participated in the Polish-Soviet War and became a local official after being demobilized. In her youth, his mother was an active member of , a rural young person's organization founded by . After the war, he attended secondary schools in Sandomierz; graduating in 1951. He then studied philology at the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Catholic University of Lublin, taking his degree in 1956. From then until 1976, he worked on the editorial staff at the (People's Publishing Cooperative). From 1976 to 1999, he was Editor-in-chief of the cultural quarterly ''Regiony'', and later contributed to the literary bi-weekly '. Since 1997, he has chaired the jury for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czesław Miłosz
Czesław Miłosz ( , , ; 30 June 1911 – 14 August 2004) was a Polish Americans, Polish-American poet, prose writer, translator, and diplomat. He primarily wrote his poetry in Polish language, Polish. Regarded as one of the great poets of the 20th century, he won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Literature. In its citation, the Swedish Academy called Miłosz a writer who "voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts". Miłosz survived the Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), German occupation of Warsaw during World War II and became a cultural attaché for the Polish government during the postwar period. When Communism, communist authorities threatened his safety, he defected to France and ultimately chose exile in the United States, where he became a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. His poetry—particularly about his wartime experience—and his appraisal of Stalinism in a prose book, ''The Captive Mind'', brought him renown as a leading ''émigré ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerzy Giedroyc
Jerzy Władysław Giedroyć (; 27 July 1906 – 14 September 2000) was a Polish writer, lawyer, publicist and political activist. For many years, he worked as editor of the highly influential Paris-based periodical, '' Kultura''. Early life Giedroyć was born in Minsk, into a Polish-Lithuanian noble family on 27 July 1906, with the title of ''kniaź'', prince. His schooling in Moscow was interrupted by the October Revolution, when he returned home to Minsk. During the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921 his family left Minsk for Warsaw, where he finished the Jan Zamoyski gymnasium in 1924. He went on to study law and Ukrainian history and literature at the University of Warsaw. Career Giedroyć worked as a journalist and civil servant in interwar Poland, he maintained contacts with leading Ukrainians and urged the Roman Catholic Church to improve relations with the Greek Catholic Church to which many Ukrainians belonged, insisting that Poland's success as a national stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
Józef Ignacy Kraszewski (28 July 1812 – 19 March 1887) was a Polish novelist, journalist, historian, publisher, painter, and musician. Born in Warsaw into a noble family, he spent much of his youth with his maternal grandparents in Romanów and completed his education in various cities, including Vilna. Kraszewski's literary career began in 1830, and he became an influential writer and journalist. Despite facing political challenges and imprisonment for his involvement in the November Uprising, he continued to support Polish independence. He spent his later years in Dresden, where he remained active in political and literary circles until his death in Geneva. Kraszewski wrote over 200 novels and several hundred novellas, short stories, and art reviews, making him the most prolific writer in the history of Polish literature and one of the most prolific in world literature. He is best known for his historical novels, including an epic series on the history of Poland, comprisin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
