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Kawiti
Te Ruki Kawiti (1770s – 5 May 1854) was a prominent Māori people, Māori rangatira (chief). He and Hōne Heke successfully fought the United Kingdom, British in the Flagstaff War in 1845–46.James Belich (historian), Belich, James. ''The New Zealand Wars''. (Penguin Books, 1986) He traced descent from Rāhiri and Nukutawhiti of the ''Ngātokimatawhaorua'' canoe, the ancestors of the Ngāpuhi. He was born in the north of New Zealand into the Ngāti Hine hapū, one of the subtribes of the Ngāpuhi. From his youth he was trained in leadership and warfare by Hongi Hika. He was present at the Battle of Moremonui in 1807 or 1808 when many Ngāpuhi were slaughtered by Ngāti Whātua, despite the former having a few muskets. Almost twenty years later, in 1825, he was at the Te Whareumu#Te Ika-a-ranga-nui, Battle of Te Ika-a-ranga-nui when it was Ngāpuhi's turn to slaughter Ngāti Whātua in an act of Utu (Māori concept), ''utu'', or revenge. He took a number of Ngāti Whātua captiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flagstaff War
The Flagstaff War, also known as Heke's War, Hōne Heke's Rebellion and the Northern War, was fought between 11 March 1845 and 11 January 1846 in and around the Bay of Islands, New Zealand. The conflict is best remembered for the actions of Hōne Heke who challenged the authority of the British by cutting down the flagstaff on Flagstaff Hill (New Zealand), Flagstaff Hill (Maiki Hill) at Kororāreka (now Russell, New Zealand, Russell). The flagstaff had been a gift from Hōne Heke to James Busby, the first Resident (title), British Resident. The Northern War involved many major actions, including the Battle of Kororāreka on 11 March 1845, the Battle of Puketutu on 8 May 1845, the Battle of Ōhaeawai on 23 June 1845 and the siege of Ruapekapeka Pā from 27 December 1845 to 11 January 1846. The conflict is seen as one of the first of the New Zealand Wars. Causes The signing of the Treaty of Waitangi started on 6 February 1840, and Governor William Hobson believed that it establis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruapekapeka
The Battle of Ruapekapeka took place from late December 1845 to mid-January 1846 between British forces, under command of Lieutenant Colonel Henry Despard, and Māori warriors of the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe), led by Hōne Heke and Te Ruki Kawiti, during the Flagstaff War in the Bay of Islands, New Zealand. The battle site was a pā located southeast of Kawakawa, which was one of the largest and most complex fortifications of its kind in New Zealand; designed specifically to resist British cannon fire. Its earthworks can still be seen. Ruapekapeka pā The pā was named Rua Pekapeka (the Bat's Nest) in relation to deep ''pihareinga'', or dugouts with access through narrow circular entrances above to bomb-proof shelters below, which protected the garrison during bombardment. These ''rua'' or "caves looked like calabashs buried underground, the narrow end uppermost", and could accommodate 15 to 20 people. Te Ruki Kawiti and his allies, including Mataroria and Motiti, design ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hōne Heke
Hōne Wiremu Heke Pōkai ( 1807 – 7 August 1850), born Heke Pōkai and later often referred to as Hōne Heke, was a highly influential Māori rangatira (chief) of the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe) and a war leader in northern New Zealand; he was affiliated with the Ngati Rahiri, Ngai Tawake, Ngati Tautahi, Te Matarahurahu and Te Uri-o-Hua hapū (subtribes) of Ngāpuhi. Hōne Heke fought with Hongi Hika, an earlier war leader of the Ngāpuhi, in the Musket Wars. Hōne Heke is considered the principal instigator of the Flagstaff War in 1845–46. Biography Heke was born at Pakaraka, south of Kerikeri in the Bay of Islands, in 1807. His father was Tupanapana and his mother Te Kona. He was named Heke Pōkai, after his mother's brother Pokaia. He grew up in the Kaikohe area. As a youth, he attended the Church Missionary Society school at Kerikeri in 1824 and 1825 and came under the influence of the missionary Henry Williams. Subsequently, he, his first wife Ono (daughter of Te Pah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngāpuhi
Ngāpuhi (also known as Ngāpuhi-Nui-Tonu or Ngā Puhi) is a Māori iwi associated with the Northland regions of New Zealand centred in the Hokianga, the Bay of Islands, and Whangārei. According to the 2023 New Zealand census, the estimated population of Ngāpuhi is 184,470. This compares to 125,601 in 2001, 102,981 in 2006, 122,214 in 2013. and 165,201 in 2018. It is formed from 150 hapū or subtribes, with 55 marae. Despite such diversity, the people of Ngāpuhi maintain their shared history and self-identity. Te Rūnanga ā Iwi o Ngāpuhi, based in Kaikohe, administers the iwi. The Rūnanga acts on behalf of the iwi in consultations with the New Zealand government. It also ensures the equitable distribution of benefits from the 1992 fisheries settlement with the government, and undertakes resource management and education initiatives. History Origins of Ngāpuhi Ngāpuhi, like most iwi, trace their pre-history back to the land of Hawaiki, most likely from Raiatea. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Ōhaeawai
The Battle of Ōhaeawai, part of the Flagstaff War, was fought in July 1845 at Ōhaeawai in Northland Region, Northland, New Zealand. The battle was between British forces and their allies from the local Ngāpuhi tribe of Māori people, Māori on one side, and other Ngāpuhi, led by Te Ruki Kawiti, a prominent rangatira (chief), on the other side. The battle was notable for establishing that an appropriately built fortified pā could withstand bombardment from cannon fire, with a frontal assault by soldiers suffering heavy casualties. Kawiti's success at Ōhaeawai Pā After the Flagstaff War#Battle of Te Ahuahu, Battle of Te Ahuahu a debate occurred between Te Ruki Kawiti and the Ngatirangi chief Pene Taui as to the site of the next battle; Kawiti eventually agreed to a request to fortify Pene Taui's Pa (Māori), pā, which was from the present settlement of Ōhaeawai and from Kaikohe. In the winter of 1845 Lieutenant Colonel Henry Despard led a combined force of troops from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngāti Hine
Ngāti Hine is an Māori iwi (tribe) with a rohe (tribal area) in Northland, New Zealand. It is part of the wider Ngāpuhi iwi. Its rohe (tribal area) covers the areas of Waiomio, Kawakawa, Taumarere, Moerewa, Motatau, Waimahae, Pakaraka, Otiria, Pipiwai, Kaikou and Te Horo. History Ngāti Hine is descended from a female ancestor, Hineamaru, a great granddaughter of Rāhiri who settled in the Waiomio Valley, near Kawakawa. The prominent leader in the early years of European contact was Te Ruki Kawiti (1770s–1854). Ngāti Hine sought to withdraw from Te Runanga-a-Iwi o Ngapuhi charitable trust in 2010, without withdrawing from Ngāpuhi. Hapū and marae Marae The ''marae'' (communal places) of Ngāti Hine include: *Horomanga marae in Moerewa *Eparaima Makapi meeting house in Kaikou *Kawiti marae and Te Tawai Riri Maihi Kawiti meeting house in Waiomio *Matawaia marae and Rangimarie meeting house in Matawaia *Maungārongo marae and Maungārongo meeting house ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flagstaff Hill, New Zealand
Flagstaff Hill (Maiki Hill) overlooks the Bay of Islands, New Zealand. Directly north of the small historical village of Russell, the flagstaff on the hill played a significant role in early relations between the local Māori of the Ngāpuhi iwi and early British colonials. History After the Treaty of Waitangi was signed in February 1840 at Waitangi, across the bay, relations between the Ngāpuhi and Pākehā (used by the Ngāpuhi to mean British European) began to deteriorate. Hōne Heke, a local Māori chief, identified the flagstaff flying the Union Jack above the bay at Kororareka as the symbolic representation of the loss of control by the Ngāpuhi in the years following the signing of the Treaty. There are a number of causes of Heke's anger, such the fact that the capital of New Zealand had been moved from Okiato (Old Russell) to Auckland in 1841, and the colonial government had imposed customs duties on ships entering the Bay of Islands, these and other actions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Kororāreka
The Battle of Kororāreka, or the Burning of Kororāreka, on 11 March 1845, was an engagement of the Flagstaff War in New Zealand. Following the establishment of British control of the islands, war broke out with a small group of the native population which resulted in the fall of the town of Kororāreka, present day Russell, to Māori warriors. Background Although he had been the first to sign the Treaty of Waitangi in February 1840, Ngāpuhi chief Hōne Heke became increasingly unhappy with the outcome. He objected to the relocation of the capital to Auckland and changes to custom tariffs that caused a serious loss of revenue to the Ngāpuhi. In July 1844, Heke and a group of warriors entered the town, and the Pakaraka chief Te Haratua cut down the flagstaff."...Te Haratua, Heke's second in command, led his men to cut down the flagstaff..." Heke himself had set out to cut down the flagstaff, but had been persuaded by Archdeacon William Williams not to do so. Six months lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hongi Hika
Hongi Hika ( – 6 March 1828) was a New Zealand Māori rangatira (chief) and war leader of the iwi of Ngāpuhi. He was a pivotal figure in the early years of regular European contact and settlement in New Zealand. As one of the first Māori leaders to understand the advantages of European muskets in warfare, he used European weapons to overrun much of northern New Zealand in the early nineteenth century Musket Wars. He was however not only known for his military prowess; Hongi Hika encouraged Pākehā (European) settlement, built mutually beneficial relationships with New Zealand's first missionaries, introduced Māori to Western agriculture and helped put the Māori language into writing. He travelled to England and met King George IV. His military campaigns, along with the other Musket Wars, were one of the most important motivators for the British annexation of New Zealand and subsequent Treaty of Waitangi with Ngāpuhi and many other iwi. Early life and campaigns: 177 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Te Whareumu
Te Whareumu (died 1828) was the ariki and warrior chief of Ngāti Manu, a hapū within the Ngāpuhi iwi based in the Bay of Islands in New Zealand. Te Whareumu was the most important chief in the Kororakeka area in his day. He was a warrior chief of the highest mana Mana may refer to: Religion and mythology * Mana (Oceanian cultures), the spiritual life force energy or healing power that permeates the universe in Melanesian and Polynesian mythology * Mana (food), archaic name for manna, an edible substance m ... in pre-European times and well respected by the early missionaries and traders, to whom he provided the greatest protection. Te Whareumu quickly realised the advantage of trading with the many ships visiting the Bay. Family Born in the late 18th century, possibly about 1770-80, into a high ranking family, Te Whareumu was the son of Te Arahi and Te Ruru. He was closely related to Te Ruki Kawiti and Pōmare I (also called Whetoi) and related to most of the northe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaikohe
Kaikohe is the seat of the Far North District of New Zealand, situated on State Highway 12 about from Auckland, and about from Whangārei. It is the largest inland town and highest community above sea level in the Northland Region. With a population of over 4000 people, Kaikohe is a shopping and service centre for an extensive farming district and is sometimes referred to as "the hub of the north". Geography The town is situated on a relatively level site surrounded mainly by undulating plains and is nearby many former pā sites including Nga Huha, Pouerua, Te Rua-hoanga, Ngaungau, Kaiaia, Te Tou o Roro, Taka-poruruku, Tapa-huarau, Nga Puke-pango, Maunga-turoto, and Maunga-kawakawa. On the western edge of town, Kaikohe Hill rises 300 m above sea level, allowing views of the imposing sand dunes on the Hokianga Harbour to the west, farmlands to the east and south toward Mount Hikurangi (625 m). To the north of the Putahi volcanic ridge is Lake Ōmāpere, five km in length, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Moremonui
The battle of Moremonui (, or , ) was fought between Ngāti Whātua and Ngāpuhi, two Māori ''iwi'' (tribes), in northern New Zealand in 1807 or 1808. The Ngāpuhi force had a few muskets, making this the first occasion Māori used muskets in warfare. The Ngāti Whātua force ambushed the Ngāpuhi, and won the battle, which occurred at Moremonui Gully where it enters Ripirō Beach, south of Maunganui Bluff on the west coast of Northland. It could reasonably be called the first battle of the Musket Wars among Māori, which took place over the next few decades. Background The battle of Moremonui was preceded by skirmishes in 1806 between Ngāpuhi in the north, led by one of their rangatira (chiefs), Pokaia, on one side, and Kaipara subtribes of Ngāti Whātua in the south on the other. The southern groups were led by Tāoho, rangatira of Te Roroa, and Murupaenga, rangatira of the Ngāti Rongo subtribe of Ngāti Whātua. In 1807, Pokaia proposed that Ngāpuhi mount a maj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
