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Kawai Masao
was a Japanese primatologist, who introduced the concept of '' kyōkan'' as a means of studying primates in his book ''Life of Japanese Monkeys'' (1969). Biography Early days and education Masao Kawai was born Tamba-Sasayama, Hyōgo prefecture in 1924. He was the third son of seven brothers. He was taken tuberculosis at 9 years of age, and had been absent from Middle School by pleuritis. Due to his health condition, he was out of conscription at the time of Pacific War. He was educated in Niigata High School by his graduation in 1949. After graduation, he entered Kyoto Imperial University. He majored in ethology and behavioural sciences at Faculty of Science under Kinji Imanishi. He graduated from university in 1952. As a scientist Masao became a research assistant of Hyogo Prefectural University of Agriculture in 1952. He continues the study of primatology, especially Japanese macaque, and wrote a dissertation titled ''"Experimental research to groups of Japanese macaque" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamba-Sasayama
, formerly known as , is a city in the central eastern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 40,050 in 17,523 households and a population density of 110 persons per km2. The total area of the city is Geography Tamba-Sasayama is located in an inland basin surrounded by mountains on all sides in the eastern part of the prefecture. It is located in the mountains between the Seto Inland Sea and the Sea of Japan. The city has a slightly rectangular area east–west and north–south. Neighboring municipalities Hyōgo Prefecture * Inagawa * Katō * Nishiwaki * Sanda * Tamba Kyoto Prefecture * Fukuchiyama * Kyōtamba * Nantan Osaka Prefecture *Nose Climate Tamba-Sasayama has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Tamba-Sasayama is 13.3 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1582 mm with September as the wettest month. The tem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Behavioural Sciences
Behavioural science is the branch of science concerned with human behaviour.Hallsworth, M. (2023). A manifesto for applying behavioural science. ''Nature Human Behaviour'', ''7''(3), 310-322. While the term can technically be applied to the study of behaviour amongst all living organisms, it is nearly always used with reference to humans as the primary target of investigation (though animals may be studied in some instances, e.g. invasive techniques). The behavioural sciences sit in between the conventional natural sciences and social studies in terms of scientific rigor. It encompasses fields such as psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, and economics.Sanders, M., Snijders, V., & Hallsworth, M. (2018). Behavioural science and policy: where are we now and where are we going?. ''Behavioural Public Policy'', ''2''(2), 144-167. Scope The behavioural sciences encompass both natural and social scientific disciplines, including various branches of psychology, neuroscience and bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a medical doctor who performs surgery. Even though there are different traditions in different times and places, a modern surgeon is a licensed physician and received the same medical training as physicians before specializing in surgery. In some countries and jurisdictions, the title of 'surgeon' is restricted to maintain the integrity of the craft group in the medical profession. A specialist regarded as a legally recognized surgeon includes podiatry, dentistry, and veterinary medicine. It is estimated that surgeons perform over 300 million surgical procedures globally each year. History The first person to document a surgery was the 6th century BC Indian physician-surgeon, Sushruta. He specialized in cosmetic plastic surgery and even documented an open rhinoplasty procedure.Papel, Ira D. and Frodel, John (2008) ''Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery''. Thieme Medical Pub. His Masterpiece, magnum opus ''Suśruta-saṃhitā'' is one of the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Rising Sun
The is a Japanese honors system, Japanese order, established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji. The Order was the first national decoration awarded by the Japanese government, created on 10 April 1875 by decree of the Council of State. The badge features rays of sunlight from the rising sun. The design of the Rising Sun symbolizes energy as powerful as the rising sun in parallel with the "rising sun" concept of Japan ("Land of the Rising Sun"). The Order of the Rising Sun is awarded to people who have rendered distinguished service to the state in #Criteria for awarding, various fields except military service. Since there is no order for military achievements under the current Japanese system, Japan Self-Defense Forces personnel are awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure for their long engagement in public service. Prior to the end of World War II, it was also awarded for exemplary military service. In 2003, the 7th and 8th Class, which were at the bottom of the Order of the Rising ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mainichi Publishing Culture Award
is an annual award given to distinguished literary works and activities in the sectors literature and art, humanities and social science, natural science, and encyclopedic work, plus a special award. It was founded in 1947 and is sponsored by the Mainichi Newspapers Co., the publishing house of the Mainichi Shimbun. Recipients (selected) ;1947 * Literature and art award for Jun'ichirō Tanizaki for '' Sasameyuki'' (''The Makioka Sisters'') * Literature and art award for Yuriko Miyamoto for ''Kazeshirigusa'' and ''Harimaheiya'' ;1948 * Literature and art award for Michio Takeyama for ''Biruma no tategoto'' ;1951 * Literature and art award for Kōnosuke Hinatsu for ''Nihon gendaishi taikei'' ;1952 * Literature and art award for Hiroshi Noma for ''Shinkū chitai'' ;1954 * Literature and art award for Sue Sumii for ''Yoru ake asa ake'' ;1955 * Literature and art award for Ken Domon for ''Murō-ji'' * Literature and art award for Shigeharu Nakano for ''Muragimo'' ;1958 * Liter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sankei Children's Book Award
, literally "Sankei Children's Publishing Culture Award", is a major and the oldest children's literary awards in Japan. The Sankei Children's Book Award annually recognizes the preceding year's "most distinguished Japanese Children's literature, picture book for children", beginning with 1954 publications. The Awards is selected from among all the children's books published in Japan of the previous year. The Awards are announced on Children's Day on May 5 every year. The award ceremony are held at the end of May or early June, and " Kiko, Princess Akishino" attends the ceremony. Recipients *Grand Prize - Newly established in 1961 Shōwa period The 8th (1961) - (World Children's Literature Complete Works Volume 1) - (Supervisor : Yoshishige Abe) published by Kodansha The 9th (1962) - * No corresponding work The 10th (1963) - (Children's Friend) - published by Fukuinkan Shoten The 11th (1964) - (Science illustration series - all 12 volumes) - published by Shogakukan T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medals Of Honor (Japan)
are medals awarded by the Emperor of Japan. They are awarded to individuals who have done meritorious deeds and also to those who have achieved excellence in their field of work. The Medals of Honor were established on December 7, 1881, and were first awarded the following year. Several expansions and amendments have been made since then. The medal design for all six types is the same, bearing the stylized characters on a Gilding, gilt central disc surrounded by a silver ring of cherry blossoms on the obverse; only the colors of the ribbon differ. If for some reason an individual were to receive a second medal of the same ribbon colour, then a second medal is not issued, but rather a new bar is added to their current medal. The Medals of Honor are awarded twice each year, on April 29 (the birthday of Hirohito, Emperor Shōwa) and November 3 (the birthday of Emperor Meiji). Types Red ribbon First awarded in 1882. Awarded to individuals who have risked their own lives to save ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seiji Noma
was a Japanese writer and publisher who was the founder of Kodansha, a leading publishing company, which his family still wholly own today. He was the founder and publisher of many well-known newspapers and magazines. Early life and education Noma was born in 1878. His father hailed from a samurai family and was himself a samurai. Noma was educated as a teacher. Career Following his graduation Noma worked as a teacher in the Luchu Islands. Later he served as a schoolmaster. Then he began to work as an administrative official at the Imperial University's law department in Tokyo. Noma established a publishing company, Dainippon Yūbenkai (Japanese: the Great Japanese Oratorical Society), in 1910. The company would be later renamed as Dainippon Yūbenkai-Kodansha, which later be shortened as simply Kodansha. The first publication of the company was '' Yūben'', a monthly magazine on public speech. The nine magazines Noma started enjoyed high levels of circulations and were v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asahi Prize
The , established in 1929, is an award presented by the Japanese newspaper ''Asahi Shimbun'' and Asahi Shimbun Foundation to honor individuals and groups that have made outstanding accomplishments in the fields of arts and academics and have greatly contributed to the development and progress of Japanese culture and society at large. The Asahi Prize was created to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the foundation of ''Asahi Shimbun''. It is recognized today as one of the most authoritative private awards. Prize winners Past prize winners include the following. Arts * Tsubouchi Shōyō, novelist, 1929 * Taikan Yokoyama, artist, 1933 * Jigoro Kano, founder of judo, 1935 * Shimazaki Toson, novelist, 1935 * Ryōhei Koiso, painter, 1939 * Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, novelist, 1948 * NHK Symphony Orchestra, 1951 * Mashiho Chiri, 1954 * Eiji Yoshikawa, novelist, 1955 * Shikō Munakata, artist, 1964 * Jirō Osaragi, writer, 1964 * Akira Kurosawa, film director, 1965 * Haruko Sugimura, actress, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primate Research Institute
is a Japanese research center for the study of primates. It was founded in 1967 by primatologists Kinji Imanishi and Junichiro Itani. The institute works toward understanding the biological, behavioral and socioecological aspects of primates, and the origin and evolution of humans. The institute is located in the city of Inuyama, Aichi Prefecture, which is about 150 km east of the main campus of Kyoto University. Through the Division of Biological Sciences of the Graduate School of Science of Kyoto University, the institute offers graduate programs leading to the Master of Science and Doctorate of Science degrees in the field of primatological science. Since 2013, the director of the institute is botanist Hirohisa Hirai (following Tetsuro Matsuzawa's tenure from 2006 to 2012). Facilities The institute has a 5-story main building housing the administration office, the library, and the research departments; a 3-story building for the Center for Human Evolution Modeling Rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doctor Of Science
A Doctor of Science (; most commonly abbreviated DSc or ScD) is a science doctorate awarded in a number of countries throughout the world. Africa Algeria and Morocco In Algeria, Morocco, Libya and Tunisia, all universities accredited by the state award a "Doctorate" in all fields of science and humanities, equivalent to a PhD in the United Kingdom or United States. Some universities in these four North African countries award a "Doctorate of the State" in some fields of study and science. A "Doctorate of the State" is slightly higher in esteem than a regular doctorate, and is awarded after performing additional in-depth post-doctorate research or achievement. Asia Japan Similarly to in the US and most of Europe, Japanese universities offer both the PhD and the ScD as initial doctorates in science. India In India only a few prestigious universities offer ScD/DSc in science which is obtained in Graduate School after satisfactory evaluation of knowledge, research accomp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Macaque
The Japanese macaque (''Macaca fuscata''), also known as the snow monkey, is a terrestrial Old World monkey species that is native to Japan. Colloquially, they are referred to as "snow monkeys" because some live in areas where snow covers the ground for months each year – no other non-human primate lives farther north, nor in a colder climate. Individuals have brownish grey fur, pinkish-red faces, and short tails. Two subspecies are known. In Japan, the species is known as ''Nihonzaru'' (ニホンザル, a combination of ''Nihon'' 日本 "Japan" + ''saru'' 猿 "monkey") to distinguish it from other primates, but the Japanese macaque is very familiar in Japan—as it is the only species of monkey in Japan—so when Japanese people simply say ''saru'', they usually have the Japanese macaque in mind. Physical characteristics The Japanese macaque is sexual dimorphism, sexually dimorphic. Males weigh on average , while females average .Fooden J, Aimi M. (2005) "Systematic revie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
