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Kavach (train Protection System)
Kavach () is an automatic train protection (ATP) system indigenously developed by Indian Railways through Research Designs & Standards Organisation (RDSO). Initial development of Kavach started in 2012 under the name Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS). The Kavach system is a safety integrity level 4 (SIL-4) certified technology. Once implemented, Kavach will be the world's cheapest automatic train collision protection system, costing 50 lakh rupees per kilometre to operate compared to about two crore rupees worldwide. History The development of India's own automatic protection system or collision avoidance system began in 2012. The project was titled as ''Train Collision Avoidance System'' (TCAS). The Kavach system is developed as part of the Indian Railways goal to achieve zero accident. The first field trials were carried out in 2016 and with this feedback, initial specifications of Kavach was formulated by March 2017. The Kavach was subjected to tests by an independent th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automatic Train Protection
Automatic train protection (ATP) is a type of train protection system which continually checks that the speed of a train is compatible with the permitted speed allowed by signalling, including automatic stop at certain signal aspects. If it is not, ATP activates an emergency brake to stop the train. See also * Advanced Civil Speed Enforcement System * Anti Collision Device * Automatic Warning System * Automatische treinbeïnvloeding (ATB) * British Rail's ATP system * Continuous Automatic Warning System (CAWS) * EBICAB * European Train Control System (ETCS) * Kavach * Positive Train Control (PTC) * Punktförmige Zugbeeinflussung PZB or Indusi is an intermittent cab signalling system and train protection system used in Germany, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, Israel, Serbia, on two lines in Hungary, on the Tyne and Wear Metro in the United Kingdom, and formerly on ... (PZB) * Train Protection & Warning System * Train Warning System References {{rail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Railways
Indian Railways (IR) is a statutory body under the ownership of Ministry of Railways, Government of India that operates India's national railway system. It manages the fourth largest national railway system in the world by size, with a total route length of . or 83% of all the broad-gauge routes are electrified with 25 kV 50 Hz AC electric traction . In 2020, Indian Railways carried 808.6 crore (8.086 billion) passengers and in 2022, Railways transported 1418.1 million tonnes of freight. It runs 13,169 passenger trains daily, on both long-distance and suburban routes, covering 7,325 stations across India. Mail or Express trains, the most common types of trains, run at an average speed of . Suburban EMUs run at an average speed of . Ordinary passenger trains (incl. mixed) run at an average speed of . The maximum speed of passenger trains varies, with the Vande Bharat Express running at a peak speed of . In the freight segment, IR runs 8,479 trains daily. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Research Design And Standards Organisation
The Research Designs & Standards Organisation (RDSO) is an ISO 9001 research and development organisation under the Ministry of Railways of government of India, which functions as a technical adviser and consultant to the Railway Board, the Zonal Railways, the Railway Production Units, RITES, RailTel and Ircon International in respect of design and standardization of railway equipment and problems related to railway construction, operations and maintenance.Rao, M.A. (1988). ''Indian Railways'', New Delhi: National Book Trust, pp.217–28 History To enforce standardization and co-ordination between various railway systems in British India, the Indian Railway Conference Association (IRCA) was set up in 1902. It was followed by the establishment of the Central Standards Office (CSO) in 1930, for preparation of designs, standards and specifications. However, till India's independence in 1947, most of the designs and manufacture of railway equipment was entrusted to foreign consulta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safety Integrity Level
Safety integrity level (SIL) is defined as the relative level of risk-reduction provided by a safety function, or to specify a target level of risk reduction. In simple terms, SIL is a measurement of performance required for a safety instrumented function (SIF). The requirements for a given SIL are not consistent among all of the functional safety standards. In the functional safety standards based on the IEC 61508 standard, four SILs are defined, with SIL 4 the most dependable and SIL 1 the least. The applicable SIL is determined based on a number of quantitative factors in combination with qualitative factors such as development process and safety life cycle management. Assignment Assignment of SIL is an exercise in risk analysis where the risk associated with a specific hazard, that is intended to be protected against by a SIF, is calculated without the beneficial risk reduction effect of the SIF. That unmitigated risk is then compared against a tolerable risk target. The di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4G LTE
In telecommunications, long-term evolution (LTE) is a Technical standard, standard for wireless broadband communication for mobile devices and data terminals, based on the GSM/Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, EDGE and UMTS/High Speed Packet Access, HSPA standards. It improves on those standards' capacity and speed by using a different radio interface and core network improvements. LTE is the upgrade path for carriers with both GSM/UMTS networks and CDMA2000 networks. Because LTE frequency bands, LTE frequencies and bands differ from country to country, only multi-band phones can use LTE in all countries where it is supported. The standard is developed by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and is specified in its Release 8 document series, with minor enhancements described in Release 9. LTE is also called 3.95G and has been marketed as "4G LTE" and "Advanced 4G"; but it does not meet the technical criteria of a 4G wireless service, as specified in the 3GPP Relea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Train Control System
The European Train Control System (ETCS) is the signalling and control component of the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS). It is a replacement for legacy train protection systems and designed to replace the many incompatible safety systems currently used by European railways. The standard was also adopted outside Europe and is an option for worldwide application. In technical terms it is a type of positive train control (PTC). ETCS is implemented with standard trackside equipment and unified controlling equipment within the train cab. In its advanced form, all lineside information is passed to the driver wirelessly inside the cab, removing the need for lineside signals watched by the driver. This will give the foundation for a later to be defined automatic train operation. Trackside equipment aims to exchange information with the vehicle for safely supervising train circulation. The information exchanged between track and trains can be either continuous or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-collision Device
The anti-collision device (ACD) is a form of automatic train protection used on Indian Railways. Overview The ACD Network is a train-collision prevention system invented by Rajaram Bojji and patented by Konkan Railway Corporation Limited, a public-sector undertaking of the Ministry of Railways, government of India. Anti-collision devices were found to be effective in the Southern Railway zone after a brief trial. Level crossings When Loco ACDs receive 'Gate Open' transmissions from Gate ACDs provided at non-interlocked level crossings, they brake to decelerate to 30 km/h or an alternative predetermined speed. Gate ACDs at manned and unmanned level crossings also warn passengers with the message 'Train Approach'. If a Loco ACD receives a manual 'SOS' message from other train bound ACDs or a station ACD that is within three kilometres of its radial range, it applies brakes automatically to bring the train to a stop. The application of this anti-collision device has bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secunderabad Railway Division
Secunderabad railway division is one of the six divisions of South Central Railway zone (SCR) of the Indian Railways. It is one of the top five divisions of Indian Railways and its divisional and zonal headquarters are at Secunderabad. History Secunderabad division was formed on 2 October 1966. It had broad gauge and meter gauge, later, meter gauge was a part of Hyderabad division. Routes It covers the states of Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra. The following are the sections under the division. Economy The division contributes 64% of freight and over 35% of passenger traffic to South Central Railway. During 2011–12, the division recorded total earnings of . The division has 22,178 employees. During 2012–13, the division carried a total of passengers, of freight with gross earnings of . See also * Divisions of Indian Railways Indian Railways divides its operations into zones, which are further sub-divided into divisions, each having ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashwini Vaishnaw
Ashwini Vaishnaw (born 18 July 1970) is an Indian politician and former IAS officer currently serving as the Minister of Railways, Communications and Electronics & Information Technology in Government of India, since 8 July 2021. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. In June 2019, he became a member of the Parliament of India representing Odisha State in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house. On 7 July 2021, he was appointed as a Cabinet Minister and was given the charge of Railways and Information Technology ministries. Earlier in 1994, Vaishnaw joined the Indian Administrative Service in the Odisha cadre, and has worked extensively in Odisha. Vaishnaw was born in a Hindu Swami (Bairagi Brahmin) Family. Education and Work He is originally a resident of Jeewand Kallan village of Rani in Pali District, Rajasthan; and later his family settled in Jodhpur. Vaishnaw did his schooling at St. Anthony's Convent School, Jodhpur, and at Mahesh School, Jodhpur. He graduated from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Central Railway Zone
The South Central Railway (abbreviated SCR) is one of the 19 zones of Indian Railways. The jurisdiction of the zone is spread over the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh. It has three divisions under its administration, which include Secunderabad, Hyderabad and Nanded. It was re-organized in 2019 and the divisions of Vijayawada, Guntur and Guntakal railway divisions were separated to form South Coast Railway zone. Secunderabad railway station is the current headquarter and ''Arun Kumar Jain'' is the present general manager of the zone. History Hon'ble Ex MP Bayya Suryanarayana Murthy requested in creation of New railway zone at While speaking about the size of the zones, I am tempted to speak about the Southern zone. This zone, as I said, consists of 6.017 miles. It spreads itself like a leviathan into five States— Bombay, Mysore, Andhra Pradesh, Madras and Kerala. It is not only over-sized but it is unwiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Delhi–Mumbai Main Line
The Delhi–Mumbai line is a major railway line in India. Linking the national capital of New Delhi with financial capital Mumbai, this railway line covers a distance of across the Indian states of Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra. Mumbai Tejas-Rajdhani Express which is the fastest Tejas-Rajdhani Express travels on this line and covers the distance between Delhi and Mumbai in 15 hours and 40 minutes at a top speed of 160km/h and an average speed of 91 km/hr. Details Starting at the , the Delhi–Mumbai line runs concurrent with Delhi–Chennai line for 141 km up to Mathura. From here it runs in Southwest direction and passes through cities of Bharatpur, Kota, Ratlam, Vadodara, Surat before terminating at . Within Maharashtra, Western line of Mumbai Suburban Railway uses runs on the same tracks from Dahanu Road to . This line is divided into three sections: # New Delhi–Mathura section # Mathura–Vadodara se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howrah–Delhi Main Line
The Howrah–Delhi main line is a railway line connecting Delhi and Kolkata cutting across northern India. The railway line was opened to traffic in 1866 with the introduction of the "1 Down/2 Up Mail" train. Sections The long trunk line, has been treated in more detail in smaller sections: # Howrah–Bardhaman chord line # Bardhaman–Asansol section # Asansol–Patna section # Patna–Mughalsarai section # Mughalsarai–Kanpur section # Kanpur–Delhi section History The first 1 Down/2 Up Mail train Railway transportation was introduced in India within 30 years of its maiden run in England. The Governor General Lord Dalhousie foresaw a tremendous potential for the speedy means of transport in securing British control over a vast country, not only in moving goods and people but also in the movement of the armed forces. The East Indian Railway Company which was formed on 1 June 1845, completed its survey for a railway line from Kolkata, then called Calcutta, to Delhi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
