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Kathy Sullivan (Australian Politician)
Kathryn Jean Martin Sullivan Order of Australia, AM (born 8 March 1942) is an Australian former politician. A member of the Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal Party, she was a Australian Senate, Senator for Queensland from 1974 to 1984 and a member of the Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives from 1984 to 2001, holding the seat of Division of Moncrieff, Moncrieff. She broke Dorothy Tangney's record for the longest period of service in federal parliament by a woman, which was later surpassed by Bronwyn Bishop. She was the first woman to have List of people who have served in both Houses of the Australian Parliament, served in both houses of parliament.Dr Joy McCann and Janet Wilson (7 March 2012)Representation of women in Australian parliaments Australian Parliamentary Library. Early life Sullivan was born Kathryn Jean Martin on 8 March 1942 in Brisbane, Queensland. She was the second of two daughters born to Edna (née Sproul) and Ian Martin. Her mother wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Honourable
''The Honourable'' (Commonwealth English) or ''The Honorable'' (American English; American and British English spelling differences#-our, -or, see spelling differences) (abbreviation: ''Hon.'', ''Hon'ble'', or variations) is an honorific Style (manner of address), style that is used as a prefix before the names or titles of certain people, usually with official governmental or diplomatic positions. Use by governments International diplomacy In international diplomatic relations, representatives of foreign states are often styled as ''The Honourable''. Deputy chiefs of mission, , consuls-general, consuls and honorary consuls are always given the style. All heads of consular posts, whether they are honorary or career postholders, are accorded the style according to the State Department of the United States. However, the style ''Excellency'' instead of ''The Honourable'' is used for ambassadors and high commissioners only. Africa Democratic Republic of the Congo In the Democrati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camp Hill, Queensland
Camp Hill is a Suburbs and localities (Australia), suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In the , Camp Hill had a population of 12,254 people. Geography Camp Hill is south-east of the Brisbane central business district. It is a mostly residential suburb. Whites Hill, Sankeys Mountain and Esquiline Hill (named after one of the Seven Hills of Rome) lie within the suburb. History Camp Hill was originally known as Schick's Hill, named for one the area's earliest settlers, Peter Schick. Schick along with Kasper Klüpfel purchased the land now bordered by Old Cleveland Road, Bennett's Road, Lloyd and Pampling Street on 21 May 1859. This property bordered (or was within or nearby) the area known as Four-mile Camp, where Drover (Australian), drovers and other travellers rested on the journey to Cleveland due to the abundance of forage and permanent water holes. The camp may have been located near the site of the Coorparoo State School. Eventually complaints over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1977 Australian Referendum (Simultaneous Elections)
The ''Constitution Alteration (Simultaneous Elections) Bill 1977'', (Cth). was an unsuccessful proposal to alter the Australian Constitution to enable simultaneous elections for the House of Representatives and the Senate. It was put to voters for approval in a referendum held on 21 May 1977. Question ''It is proposed to alter the Constitution to ensure that Senate elections are held at the same time as House of Representatives elections.'' ''Do you approve the proposed law?'' Background The bill was substantially the same as the proposal that had been unsuccessful at the referendum in 1974. Despite the title, the proposal was to change the terms of senators from a fixed 6 years to 2 terms of the House of Representatives. The proposal did not expressly require elections for both houses to be held at the same time, instead it made the terms of Senators the same as for the House of Representatives and would give parliament the power to make laws about the time and places for e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1977 Australian Referendum
The 1977 Australian referendum was held on 21 May 1977. It contained four referendum questions and one non-binding plebiscite. To date, it is the most recent referendum to have been successful in Australia. __NOTOC__ This referendum had a particularly strong "Yes" vote. All but one of the referendum questions were carried, and the only one not carried had a clear national majority, but was held back by not achieving a majority of the states. No referendum since then has been successful. The four referendum questions were only voted on in the states; voters in the territories only gained the right to vote on constitutional changes as a result of the Referendums amendment passing. Voters in the territories, however, were able to vote on the plebiscite. Results in detail Simultaneous Elections :''This section is an excerpt from 1977 Australian referendum (Simultaneous Elections) § Results'' Senate Casual Vacancies :''This section is an excerpt from 1977 Australian refere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crossing The Floor
In some parliamentary systems (e.g., in Canada and the United Kingdom), politicians are said to cross the floor if they formally change their political affiliation to a political party different from the one they were initially elected under. In Australia, this term simply refers to Members of Parliament (MPs) who dissent from the party line and vote against the express instructions of the party whip while retaining membership in their political party. Voting against party lines may lead to consequences such as losing a position (e.g., as minister or a portfolio critic) or being ejected from the party caucus. While these practices are legally permissible in most countries, crossing the floor can lead to controversy and media attention. Some countries like Malaysia, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, the Maldives and Bangladesh have laws that remove a member from parliament due to floor-crossing. Etymology The term originates from the British House of Commons, which is configured wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1975 Australian Federal Election
The 1975 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 13 December 1975. All 127 seats in the House of Representatives and all 64 seats in the Senate were up for election, due to a double dissolution. Malcolm Fraser had been commissioned as caretaker prime minister following the dismissal of Gough Whitlam's three-year-old Labor government by Governor-General Sir John Kerr, on 11 November 1975. The same day, Fraser advised an immediate double dissolution, in accordance with Kerr's stipulated conditions (see 1975 Australian constitutional crisis). The Coalition of Fraser's Liberal Party of Australia and Doug Anthony's National Country Party secured government in its own right, winning the largest majority government to date in Australian history. The Liberals actually won a majority in their own right, with 68 seats–the first time that the main non-Labor party had done so since adopting the Liberal banner in 1944. Although Fraser had no need for the support of the N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1975 Australian Constitutional Crisis
The 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, also known simply as the Dismissal, culminated on 11 November 1975 with the dismissal from office of the Prime Minister of Australia, prime minister, Gough Whitlam of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), by John Kerr (governor-general), Sir John Kerr, the Governor-General of Australia, governor-general who then commissioned the List of Australian Leaders of the Opposition, leader of the Opposition, Malcolm Fraser of the Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal Party, as prime minister to hold 1975 Australian federal election, a new election. It has been described as the greatest political and constitutional crisis in Australian history. The Labor Party under Gough Whitlam came to power in the 1972 Australian federal election, election of 1972, ending 23 consecutive years of Coalition (Australia), Liberal-Country Coalition government. Labor won a majority in the Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives of 67 seats to the Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whip In The Australian Senate
Whips have managed business and maintained party discipline for Australia's federal political parties in the Senate since Federation. The term has origins in the British parliamentary system. Though the Remuneration Tribunal and parliamentary website refer to the senior Labor and Liberal whips as "chief" whips and their junior whips as "deputy whips", the parties tend to refer to the senior whips as "whips" when announcing their officeholders to the Senate. A number of Senate whips have gone on to serve as ministers, and several as Leader of the Government or Leader of the Opposition in the Senate. Australian Labor Party In addition to those below, Kay Denman served as a deputy whip from 18 September to 31 December 1995, a period when one of Labor's two whips was on leave of absence while conducting parliamentary business overseas. ;Notes Coalition Liberal Party of Australia ;Notes National Country Party/National Party of Australia Australian Greens Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Country Party (1920)
The National Party of Australia, commonly known as the Nationals or simply the Nats, is a centre-right and agrarian political party in Australia. Traditionally representing graziers, farmers, and rural voters generally, it began as the Australian Country Party in 1920 at a federal level. In 1975, it adopted the name National Country Party, before taking its current name in 1982. Ensuring support for farmers, either through government grants and subsidies or through community appeals, is a major focus of National Party policy. The process for obtaining these funds has come into question in recent years, such as during the Sports Rorts Affair. According to Ian McAllister, the Nationals are the only remaining party from the "wave of agrarian socialist parties set up around the Western world in the 1920s". Federally, the Nationals are the junior party in a centre-right grouping known in Australian politics as the Coalition, accompanied by the Liberal Party, which is predomin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Dissolution
A double dissolution is a procedure permitted under the Australian Constitution to resolve deadlocks in the bicameral Parliament of Australia between the House of Representatives (lower house) and the Senate (upper house). A double dissolution is the only circumstance in which the entire Senate can be dissolved. Similar to the United States Congress, but unlike the British Parliament, Australia's two parliamentary houses generally have almost equal legislative power (the Senate may reject outright but cannot amend appropriation (money) bills, which must originate in the House of Representatives). Governments, which are formed in the House of Representatives, can be frustrated by a Senate determined to reject their legislation. If the conditions (called a trigger) are satisfied, the prime minister can advise the governor-general to dissolve both houses of Parliament and call a full election. If, after the election, the legislation that triggered the double dissolution is sti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1974 Australian Federal Election
The 1974 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 18 May 1974. All 127 seats in the House of Representatives and all 60 seats in the Senate were up for election, due to a double dissolution. The incumbent Labor Party led by Prime Minister Gough Whitlam defeated the opposition Liberal–Country coalition led by Billy Snedden. This marked the first time that a Labor leader won two consecutive elections. Prior to the election the voting age had been reduced from 21 to 18 years. The election was held in conjunction with four referendum questions, none of which were carried. Future Prime Minister John Howard entered parliament at this election. Snedden became the first Liberal Leader not to serve as prime minister. Background and issues Gough Whitlam had been an active prime minister since his party's victory in the 1972 election, and his government had pursued many socially progressive reforms and policies over its first term. However, it suffered through the 1973 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young Liberals (Australia)
The Young Liberal Movement of Australia, commonly referred to as the Young Liberals, is the youth movement of the Liberal Party of Australia representing members aged 16 to 31. It is organised as a federation with each state and territory division responsible for their own campaigns, policy platform and strategic direction and interact federally via the Federal Young Liberal Executive. The movement serves as a recruiting platform, contributes a significantly within the volunteer base and undertakes a notable management role within the Liberal Party. Young Liberal Presidents serve on the executive of their respective State and Territory divisions, while the Federal President and Federal Vice-President of the movement serve on the Federal Liberal Executive. Former Federal Presidents include former "Father of the House" and NSW Liberals State President Philip Ruddock, former Chief Economist for Bank of America Merrill Lynch, Saul Eslake, Businessman Mark Birrell, and former M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
