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Kashmiri Poetry
Literature of Kashmir has a long history, the oldest texts having been composed in the Sanskrit language. Early names include Patanjali, the author of the ''Mahābhāṣya'' commentary on Pāṇini's grammar, suggested by some to have been the same to write the Hindu treatise known as the '' Yogasutra'', and Dridhbala, who revised the ''Charaka Samhita'' of ''Ayurveda''. In medieval times, philosophers of Kashmir Shaivism include Vasugupta (c. 800), Utpala (c. 925), Abhinavagupta, Kshemaraja, and Anandavardhana. Within contemporary Kashmir literature there are many poets, including Asif Tariq Bhat Tashi Shah, Akeel Mohiuddin Bhat, Omair Bha and Zeeshan Jaipuri. Kashmiri language literature The below listed table marks |
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural diffusion, diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age#South Asia, Bronze Age. Sanskrit is the sacred language of Hinduism, the language of classical Hindu philosophy, and of historical texts of Buddhism and Jainism. It was a lingua franca, link language in ancient and medieval South Asia, and upon transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia, East Asia and Central Asia in the early medieval era, it became a language of religion and high culture, and of the political elites in some of these regions. As a result, Sanskrit had a lasting effect on the languages of South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia, especially in their formal and learned vocabularies. Sanskrit generally connotes several Indo-Aryan languages# ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lalleshwari
Lalleshwari, ( also commonly known as Lal Ded (), was a Kashmiri people, Kashmiri mysticism, mystic of the Kashmir Shaivism school of Hindu philosophy. She was the creator of the style of mystic poetry called vatsun or ''Vakhs'', meaning "speech" (from Sanskrit ''vāc''). Known as Lal Vakhs, her verses are among the early compositions in the Kashmiri language and are a part of the history of modern Kashmiri literature. Lalleshwari ("Mother Lal" or "Mother Lalla") is also known by various other names, including Lal Dyad (''Dyad'' means "Grandmother"), Lalla Aarifa, Lal Diddi, Lalleshwari, Lalla Yogishwari/Yogeshwari and Lalishri. Life Most modern scholars place Lalleshwari's birth between 1301 and 1320 C.E., near Sempore or Pandrethan. She is estimated to have died in 1373, and a grave near Bijbehara is attributed to her, although there is no confirmation. Lalleshwari is believed to have been born to a Kashmiri Brahmin family, and was married at the age of twelve in accordance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaykh Yaqub Sarfi Kashmiri
Shaykh Yaqub Sarfi Kashmiri (1521–1595), was a Kashmiris, Kashmiri Ulama, Alim, Faqīh, Faqih, poet, author, artist, Tafsir, Mufassir, Hadith studies, Muhaddith, Sufism, Sufi Sheikh, Shaykh of the Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, Kubrawi Hamadani order. Early life Yaqub born in Srinagar to Mir Hassan Ghani, who was also a scholar. At the age of six or seven he memorized the Quran and started composing its verses in Persian. At nineteen he completed his education under Mawlana Bashir and Mawlana Aini, and he later became the student of Jami, Mawlana Abdur Rehman, an Iranian Sufi and poet. Jami gave him the title "Jami-as-Sani" (second Jami), when he got impressed by Sarfi. He then travelled to Central Asia where he received spiritual guidance under Shaykh Kamal Ud Din Hussain Khawarizmi. They both went for pilgrimage (Mecca, makkah) and he joined the seminar of Ibn Hajar al-Haytami, Ibn Hajar, where he sharpened his knowledge of Quran and Hadith. Works * Sharh-i-Bukhari, a Persian co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yawan Mats
Yawan Mats was a female disciple of Sheikh Noor-ud-din Wali of Kashmir. A beautiful dancer, a courtesan, Yawan Mats was famous in the high society of Kashmir at the end of fourteenth and beginning of fifteenth century. Her Conversion It is said that there used to be a holy man, a very popular Brahman saint, who used to live in the village of Ishbar, near Nishat. He had a large following of faithful in Kashmir. One day the Sultan of Kashmir ( Sikandar, Ali Shah or Budshah - we do not know for sure) showed up at his place. The Brahman refused to see the Sultan. Insulted, the Sultan planned a fitting revenge. A few days later the Sultan sent in the beautiful Yawan Mats. The femme fatale went to see the Brahman as a devotee. Tempted by her looks he was hopelessly smitten. The resulting scandal was used by many Muslims of Kashmir to make fun of their Hindu neighbors about their holy man. It is said that some of the well connected Kashmiri Pandits wanted to use the same tactics on th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Behat Bibi
Behat Bibi, also known as Behat Ded, was a disciple of Sheikh Noor-Ud-Din (Nund Reshi), the patron Saint of Kashmir. She along with her sister Dehat Bibi are sometimes referred as ''Tsat'a Kori'', literally girl disciples or girl students of Nund Reshi. Behat Bibi and Dehat Bibi were daughters of a Kashmiri Pundit who was a village patwari by profession and had converted to Islam under the influence of the great Sufi saint. The exalted state of their spirituality, the depth and breadth of their knowledge are testified by the fact that the two girls became the only known female khalifas of Nund Reshi. They are both buried at a village named Zalsu, a few miles from the village of Tsar (Chrar Sharif) in the valley of Kashmir. The two sisters were present at a meeting that took place between Sheikh Noor-Ud-Din and the great proselytizer Saiyed Muhammad Hamadani. The presence of two female disciples in such an important meeting confirms the fact that they were regarded highly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dehat Bibi
Dehat Bibi, also Dehat Ded, was a disciple of Sheikh Noor-Ud-Din (Nund Reshi), the patron saint of Kashmir. She along with her sister Behat Bibi are sometimes referred as ''Tsat'a Kori'', literally girl disciples or girl students of Nund Reshi. Behat Bibi and Dehat Bibi were daughters of a Kashmiri Pandit who was a village patwari by profession and had converted to Islam under the influence of the Sufi saint. The exalted state of their spirituality and the depth and breadth of their knowledge is testified by the fact that the two girls became the only known female khalifas of Nund Reshi. They are both buried at a village named Zalsu, a few miles from the village of Tsaar (Chrar Sharif) in the valley of Kashmir. The two sisters were present at a meeting that took place between Sheikh Noor-Ud-Din and the proselytizer Saiyed Muhammad Hamadani. The presence of two female disciples in such an important meeting confirms that they were regarded highly by the Reshi. When Hamadani saw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rishi Order
The Rishi order is a religious tradition, concept for the mystical teaching or spiritual practices associated with religious harmony of Sufism in the Kashmir Valley. The Sufi saints of the Rishi order influenced Kashmiris and its culture. The prominent Rishis of the valley include Resh Mir Sàeb and Nund Rishi, also known as Sheikh Noor-ud-din Wali. The Rishi order has made an important contribution to Kashmiriyat, the ethnic, national, social and cultural consciousness of the Kashmiri people, as well as a distinctive contribution to global Islam. The 17th-century poet Baba Nasib sums up the impact of the Rishi order thus: "The candle of religion is lit by the Rishis, they are the pioneers of the path of belief. The heart-warming quality of humble souls emanates from the inner purity of the hearts of the Rishis. This vale of Kashmir, that you call a paradise, owes a lot of its charm to the traditions set in vogue by the Rishis." Overview The original Rishi Sufis were focused ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufism
Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are referred to as "Sufis" (from , ), and historically typically belonged to "orders" known as (pl. ) — congregations formed around a grand (saint) who would be the last in a Silsilah, chain of successive teachers linking back to Muhammad, with the goal of undergoing (self purification) and the hope of reaching the Maqam (Sufism), spiritual station of . The ultimate aim of Sufis is to seek the pleasure of God by endeavoring to return to their original state of purity and natural disposition, known as . Sufism emerged early on in Islamic history, partly as a reaction against the expansion of the early Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) and mainly under the tutelage of Hasan al-Basri. Although Sufis were opposed to dry legalism, they strictly obs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qaimoh
Qaimoh (also known as Quaimoh, Kaimoh or Kah moh) is a block, a town and a notified area committee in Kulgam District in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is four miles to the west of Anantnag and six miles to the north of Kulgam District. It is 55 km to the south of Srinagar city. Qaimoh is one of the largest blocks in Jammu and Kashmir. Demographics According to 2011 Census of India, the city is the home of 13,138 individuals, which further divides into 6,681 males and 6,457 females. Geography The area is located at an elevation of 1568 m above mean sea level. Qaimoh is situated on the bank of River Veshaw which has its origin from the lake of Kousar Nag some 25 kilometers away from the waterfall of Aharabal. Transport Anantnag railway station is the nearby railway station 3.9 km from the area Shrine There is a shrine of Sheikh-Ul-Alam, who was born and spent most of his life in Qaimoh and was buried in Chari Sharief. Trade and busin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nund Rishi
Nund Rishi ( c. 1377 – c. 1438; born Noor-ud-Din) was a Kashmiri Sufi saint, mystic, poet and Islamic preacher. Nund Rishi was among the founders of the Rishi order, a Sufi tradition of the region, and is also known by the titles ''Sheikh-Ul-Alam'' () and ''Alamdar-e-Kashmir'' () by Muslims, and referred to as ''Nund Lal'' and ''Sahajananda'' by Hindus. He influenced many spiritual teachers and saints, including Hamza Makhdoom, Resh Mir Sàeb, and Shamas Faqir. Early life Noor-ud-Din was born in 1377 in Khee Jogipora village near Qaimoh in today's Kulgam district of Kashmir to Salar Sanz and Sadra, also called Sadra Moji or Sadra Deddi.Soqte:School Of Orthoepy Quran And Theology::Kashmir His grandfather Sheikh Salahudd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vatsun
Vatsun (, ) is a Kashmiri literary form derived from Sanskrit meaning "word/speech". This is because it has no particular pattern of versification or rhyme scheme. The metres and rhyme schemes of vatsun are varied, but generally each unit is a stanza of three lines followed by a refrain (). Vatsun bears a resemblance to Urdu lyric. Vatsun is also similar to the ghazals of the Middle East and iambic pentameter of the Western world. In poetry, it is a popular age-old folk-form dating back to the 14th century, when Lal Ded and Sheikh-ul-Alam (alias Nund Rishi) wrote in the Kashmiri language the devotional poetry depicting their mystic experiences, love for God, love for others, and folk dancing.Koul, Omkar N. ''Kashmiri Language, Linguistics, and Culture.'' Central Institute of Indian Languages: Manasagangotri. 200. Notable Vatsun poets * Lal Ded (1320–1392) * Nund Rishi (1377–1438) * Arnimal (1737-1778) * Dina Nath Nadim (1916–1988) See also *ghazal *Iambic Pentameter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
