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Kareličy
Karelichy is an urban-type settlement in Grodno Region, in west-central Belarus. It serves as the administrative centre of Karelichy District. As of 2025, it has a population of 5,546. History It was a possession of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and later a private town of the Czartoryski and Radziwiłł families, administratively located in the Nowogródek Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The town was devastated by the Crimean Tatars in 1505 and Swedes in 1655. In 1784, King Stanisław August Poniatowski visited the town. French, Polish and Russian troops passed through the town in 1812. The town was historically a center of a large Jewish community; its population in 1900 was 1,840. In the interwar period, it was administratively located in the Nowogródek Voivodeship of Poland. Following the invasion of Poland in September 1939 at the beginning of World War II, the town was first occupied by the Soviet Union until 1941, then by Nazi Germany until 194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Urban-type Settlements In Belarus
This list is of Urban-type settlements which are a type of a populated places in Belarus. Overview According to a 1998 law of the Republic of Belarus, there are three categories of urba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław August Poniatowski
Stanisław II August (born Stanisław Antoni Poniatowski; 17 January 1732 – 12 February 1798), known also by his regnal Latin name Stanislaus II Augustus, and as Stanisław August Poniatowski (), was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1764 to 1795, and the last monarch of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Born into wealthy Polish aristocracy, Poniatowski arrived as a diplomat at the Russian imperial court in Saint Petersburg in 1755 at the age of 22 and became intimately involved with the future empress Catherine the Great. With her aid, he was elected King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania by the Sejm in September 1764 following the death of Augustus III. Contrary to expectations, Poniatowski attempted to reform and strengthen the large but ailing Commonwealth. His efforts were met with external opposition from neighbouring Prussia, Russia and Austria, all committed to keeping the Commonwealth weak. From within he was opposed by conservative interests ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Einhorn (poet)
David Einhorn (, 1886 – 2 March 1973) was a poet, journalist, and essayist. Born in the Russian Empire to a Jewish family, he became a poet at a young age and participated within the General Jewish Labour Bund. After helping to found a publishing house in Vilnius he was arrested for his connections to the Bund in 1912, and was exiled from Russia; he went to Bern, where he contributed to journals and periodicals. He migrated to Poland in 1917, settling in Warsaw and publishing several books. Upset by antisemitism in Warsaw, Einhorn migrated to Berlin and joined a growing Jewish intellectual community. He became a critic of Jewish activists in Berlin, as well as the German socialist and communist movements, which he saw as ineffective and out-of-touch with the working class. He became a columnist for the monthly magazine ''Der Jude'' and the New York Yiddish newspaper ''Forward''. He grew pessimistic towards antisemitism in Germany, to which he felt many young Germans were natu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saul Adler
Saul Adler OBE FRS (; May 17, 1895 – January 25, 1966) was an Israeli expert on parasitology. Early life Adler was born in 1895 in Kerelits ( Karelichy), then in the Russian Empire, now in Belarus. In 1900, he and his family moved to England and they settled in Leeds. He studied at University of Leeds and the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. One of his brothers was Solomon Adler, the economist. Career From 1917 until 1920, Adler served in the Royal Army Medical Corps, attaining the rank of captain, serving in the Middle East, where he developed his first taste into research into tropical medicine, which he commenced studying after his military service, initially in Liverpool. In 1921, Adler went to Sierra Leone to conduct research into Malaria. In 1924, Chaim Weizmann offered him a job in Jerusalem to develop the new Institute of Microbiology. Later that year, he emigrated to Mandate Palestine and started working in Hadassah Hospital, becoming director of the depar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nissim Karelitz
Shmaryahu Yosef Nissim Karelitz (; July 19, 1926 – October 21, 2019) was an Orthodox Jewish rabbi and posek who served as the chairman of the '' beis din tzedek'' (rabbinical court) of Bnei Brak. Biography Karelitz was born in 1926 in Kosava (Kossov), Vilnius province, Poland, presently in Belarus. He came to Israel in 1935 with his parents. Karelitz was a nephew of Rabbi Avrohom Yeshaya Karelitz, known as the ''Chazon Ish''. (The latter's sister was Karelitz's mother). The ''Chazon Ish'' was a previous rabbinical spiritual leader of Bnei Brak. From the time of the ''Chazon Ish'' until Karelitz it was Rav Elazar Shach who was regarded as the pre-eminent leader. In his youth, he studied in the Ponevezh Yeshiva. He also studied with his uncles, the ''Chazon Ish'' and the '' Steipler''. His wife Leah (d. 2015) was the daughter of Rabbi Tzvi Hirsch Kopshitz of Jerusalem Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avraham Yeshayahu Karelitz
Avraham Yeshayahu Karelitz (; 7 November 1878 – 24 October 1953), also known as the Chazon Ish () after his magnum opus, was a Belarusian-born Orthodox rabbi who later became one of the leaders of Haredi Judaism in Israel, where he spent his final 20 years, from 1933 to 1953. Biography Avraham Yeshayahu Karelitz was born in Kosava, in the Grodno Governorate of the Russian Empire (now Brest Region, Belarus), the son of Shmaryahu Yosef Karelitz, the rabbi of Kosava; his mother was Rasha Leah, the daughter of Shaul Katzenelbogen.Shdeour, E. "Harav Yitzchak Karelitz of Kosova, ''Hy"d''". ''Hamodia'', 12 January 2012, p. C2. Avraham Yeshaya was born after his older brother Meir. His younger brothers were Yitzchak and Moshe. Yitzchak succeeded their father as the rabbi of Kosava; he and his wife and daughter were shot to death in their home by the Germans in mid-1942. His oldest sisters were Henya Chaya, Badana, Tzivia and Batya. Karelitz's youngest sister, Pesha Miriam (Miri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itzhak Katzenelson
Itzhak Katzenelson (; also transcribed as ''Icchak-Lejb Kacenelson'', ''Jizchak Katzenelson''; ''Yitzhok Katznelson'') (1 July 1886 – 1 May 1944) was a Polish Jewish teacher, poet and dramatist. He was born in 1886 in Karelichy near Minsk, and was murdered on 1 May 1944 in Auschwitz. Biography Soon after his birth Katzenelson's family moved to Łódź, Poland, where he grew up. He worked as a teacher, founding a school, and as a dramatist in both Yiddish and Hebrew, starting a theatre group which toured Poland and Lithuania. Following the Invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939, he and his family fled to Warsaw, where they were trapped in the Warsaw Ghetto. There he ran an underground school for Jewish children. His wife and two of his sons were deported to the Treblinka extermination camp and murdered there. Katzenelson participated in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, starting on 19 April 1943. To save his life, friends supplied him and his surviving son with forged Hondu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignacy Domeyko
Ignacy Domeyko or Domejko, pseudonym: ''Żegota'' (, ; 31 July 1802 – 23 January 1889) was a Polish geologist, mineralogist, educator, and founder of the University of Santiago, in Chile. Domeyko spent most of his life, and died, in his adopted country, Chile. After a youth passed in partitioned Poland, Domeyko participated in the Polish–Russian War 1830–31. Upon Russian victory, he was exiled, spending part of his life in France (where he had gone with a fellow Philomath, Polish poet Adam Mickiewicz) before eventually settling in Chile, whose citizen he became. He lived some 50 years in Chile and made major contributions to the study of that country's geography, geology and mineralogy. His observations on the circumstances of poverty-stricken miners and of their wealthy exploiters had a profound influence on those who would go on to shape Chile's labor movement. Domeyko is seen as having had close ties to several countries and thus in 2002, when UNESCO organized a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalitarianism, totalitarian dictatorship. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", referred to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945, after 12 years, when the Allies of World War II, Allies defeated Germany and entered the capital, Berlin, End of World War II in Europe, ending World War II in Europe. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi Party began to eliminate political opposition and consolidate power. A 1934 German referendum confirmed Hitler as sole ''Führer'' (leader). Power was centralised in Hitler's person, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of Poland (1939–1945)
During World War II, Poland was occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union following the invasion in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945. Throughout the entire course of the occupation, the territory of Poland was divided between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (USSR), both of which intended to eradicate Poland's culture and subjugate its people. In the summer-autumn of 1941, the lands which were annexed by the Soviets were overrun by Germany in the course of the initially successful German attack on the USSR. After a few years of fighting, the Red Army drove the German forces out of the USSR and crossed into Poland from the rest of Central and Eastern Europe. Sociologist Tadeusz Piotrowski argues that both occupying powers were hostile to the existence of Poland's sovereignty, people, and the culture and aimed to destroy them. Before Operation Barbarossa, Germany and the Soviet Union coordinated th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
