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Kampfgruppe Auschwitz
The Auschwitz Combat Group (, ) was international left-wing resistance organization in Auschwitz concentration camp. History Kampfgruppe Auschwitz was founded in 1943. In 1944, together with the Polish Underground State, the Kampfgruppe set up an overall Auschwitz Military Council to coordinate resistance. Members The majority of members of the Group were communists, socialists, captured Polish and Soviet partisans, members of anti-Nazi resistance movements, and former members of International Brigades. The members of the ''Kampfgruppe'' were from Austria, Poland, France, Germany, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union. Among them were also many Jews. Leadership * Ernst Burger (nom de guerre ''Adam'') - political leader of ''Kampfgruppe Auschwitz'', member of anti-nazi Austrian Resistance. * Hermann Langbein (nom de guerre ''Wiktor'') * Józef Cyrankiewicz (nom de guerre ''Rot'') responsible for cooperation with resistance groups in another nazi concentration cam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resistance Movement In Auschwitz
The organization of underground resistance movements in Auschwitz concentration camp began in the second half of 1940, shortly after the camp became operational in May that year. In September 1940 Witold Pilecki, a Polish army captain, arrived in the camp. Using the name Tomasz Serafiński (prisoner number 4859), Pilecki had allowed himself to be captured by Germans in a street round up ('' łapanka'') with the goal of having himself sent to Auschwitz to gather information and organize resistance inside. Under Pilecki's direction the Związek Organizacji Wojskowej (Union of Military Organization), ZOW, was formed. Background After the western part of the country was annexed by Nazi Germany during the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland, Oświęcim (Auschwitz) was located administratively in the German Province of Upper Silesia, '' Regierungsbezirk Kattowitz''. Auschwitz was first suggested as the location of a concentration camp for Polish nationals by '' SS-Oberführer'' Arpad W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henryk Świebocki
Henryk Świebocki (born 1940) is a Polish historian. A senior custodian of the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, Świebocki specializes in the resistance movement within the Auschwitz concentration camp in occupied Poland during World War II. He is the editor of ''London has been informed: Reports by Auschwitz escapees'' (1997); author of ''The Resistance Movement'', volume IV of '' Auschwitz 1940–1945'' (2000); and editor of ''People of Good Will'' (2009). __TOC__ Early life and education Świebocki was born in Stary Sącz, Poland. His father, Karol Świebocki, was a member of Poland's Home Army who was imprisoned in Auschwitz as a political prisoner from 17 June 1942; he died on 10 August that year in a gas chamber in Auschwitz II–Birkenau, one of a group of 193 sick prisoners in the camp hospital that the Germans decided to gas. Świebocki's uncle, an artist, was also imprisoned in the camp, for three years, but he survived. A graduate of Jagiellonian University The Jag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II Resistance Movements
The world is the totality of entities, the whole of reality, or everything that exists. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the world as unique, while others talk of a "plurality of worlds". Some treat the world as one simple object, while others analyze the world as a complex made up of parts. In scientific cosmology, the world or universe is commonly defined as "the totality of all space and time; all that is, has been, and will be". Theories of modality talk of possible worlds as complete and consistent ways how things could have been. Phenomenology, starting from the horizon of co-given objects present in the periphery of every experience, defines the world as the biggest horizon, or the "horizon of all horizons". In philosophy of mind, the world is contrasted with the mind as that which is represented by the mind. Theology conceptualizes the world in relation to God, for example, as God's creation, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
The Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum () is a museum on the site of the Nazi German Auschwitz concentration camp in Oświęcim, Poland. The site includes the main concentration camp at Auschwitz I and the remains of the concentration and extermination camp at Auschwitz II-Birkenau. Both were developed and run by Nazi Germany during its occupation of Poland in 1939–1945. The Polish government has preserved the site as a research centre and in memory of the 1.1 million people who died there, including 960,000 Jews, during World War II and the Holocaust. It became a World Heritage Site in 1979. Piotr Cywiński is the museum's director. Overview The museum was created in April 1946 by Tadeusz Wąsowicz and other former Auschwitz prisoners, acting under the direction of Poland's Ministry of Culture and Art. It was formally founded on July 2, 1947 by an act of the Polish parliament. The site consists of in Auschwitz I and in Auschwitz II, which lies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Resistance Under Nazi Rule
Jewish resistance under Nazi rule encompassed various forms of organized underground activities undertaken by Jews against German occupation regimes in Europe during World War II. According to historian Yehuda Bauer, Jewish resistance can be defined as any action that defied Nazi laws and policies. The term is particularly associated with the Holocaust and includes a wide range of responses, from social defiance to both passive and armed resistance by Jews themselves. Due to the overwhelming military power of Nazi Germany and its allies, the system of ghettoization, and the hostility or indifference of various segments of the civilian population, most Jews had limited opportunities for effective military resistance against the Final Solution. Nevertheless, there were numerous instances of resistance, including more than a hundred documented armed uprisings. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Danimann
Franz Danimann (July 30, 1919 - June 1, 2013) was an Austrian lawyer, author and former resistance fighter against National Socialism, who belonged to the underground camp resistance in the Auschwitz concentration camp Auschwitz, or Oświęcim, was a complex of over 40 Nazi concentration camps, concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) d .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Danimann, Franz 1919 births 2013 deaths Auschwitz concentration camp survivors Austrian lawyers Austrian resistance members Austrian Holocaust survivors Communist Party of Austria politicians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist
Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products in society based on need.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." A communist society entails the absence of private property and social classes, and ultimately money and the state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a libertarian socialist approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and an authoritarian socialist, vanguardist, or party-driven approach to establish a socialist state, which is expected to wither away. Communist parties have been described as radi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austria
Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city and state. Austria is bordered by Germany to the northwest, the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia to the northeast, Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The country occupies an area of and has Austrians, a population of around 9 million. The area of today's Austria has been inhabited since at least the Paleolithic, Paleolithic period. Around 400 BC, it was inhabited by the Celts and then annexed by the Roman Empire, Romans in the late 1st century BC. Christianization in the region began in the 4th and 5th centuries, during the late Western Roman Empire, Roman period, followed by the arrival of numerous Germanic tribes during the Migration Period. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Klahr
Alfred Klahr (16 September 1904 – 1944) was an Austrian communist politician, journalist and historian. He was a leading Marxist intellectual and theorist in the First Austrian Republic. Biography Alfred Klahr was born on 16 September 1904 in Vienna. His father Salman Klahr worked as hazzan in Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien. Becoming a student at the University of Vienna, Alfred Klahr joined the ''Kommunistischen Jugendverband''. From 1930 Klahr lived in Moscow and worked as representative of the Communist Youth Union of Austria. From 1935 to 1937 he taught in Austrian section of International Lenin School. In 1937 Klahr turned to Prague and worked in communist newspaper ''Weg und Ziel''. From 1938 - after Anschluss and annexation of Czechoslovakia - Alfred Klahr was active in anti-nazi Austrian Resistance. From August 1942 he was detained in Auschwitz concentration camp (as Ludwig Lokmanis, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno Baum
Bruno Baum (13 February 1910 – 13 December 1971) was a German official for the Communist Party of Germany and Socialist Unity Party of Germany. He also served as a resistance fighter during World War II. Life Baum was born in Potsdam, then part of the German Empire. From 1916 to 1924, he attended a Jewish boys' school in Berlin. In 1926, he joined the Young Communist League of Germany and the Red Youth Front. In 1927 he became a member of the Communist Party of Germany. The following year, he renounced his Jewish faith and attended the Rosa Luxemburg Party School in Dresden. After a brief stint as an electrician, he became a member of the German Metal Workers' Union. In 1929, he became a member of the Roter Frontkämpferbund (RFB) and sub-district manager and head of the Red Youth Front Berlin-Brandenburg. Repeatedly detained, he was sentenced to one month in prison in 1931 for continuing the RFB. Between 1933 and 1934, he was head of the KJVD-UB Berlin-Friedrichshain and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadeusz Hołuj
Tadeusz Hołuj (; 1916 in Kraków – 1985 in Kraków) was a Polish poet, writer, publicist and politician. Biography Before World War II, he published poems, and co-edited a literary magazine. During World War II, he joined the Polish resistance (Union of Armed Struggle, ZWZ), was arrested by the Germans and imprisoned in the Auschwitz concentration camp, where he also joined the camp's resistance. After the war, he joined the communist party. He was a deputy to Polish parliament (Sejm) from 1972 to 1980. From 1965 he was a secretary general of the International Auschwitz Committee The International Auschwitz Committee was formed by survivors of the Auschwitz concentration camp, Auschwitz death camp in 1952 for the support of the survivors and to fight racism and anti-Semitism. The committee's mission was to maintain contac .... He also wrote novels about the early socialist movement in Poland and about his camp experiences. 1916 births 1985 deaths Auschwitz concentrat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Concentration Camps
From 1933 to 1945, Nazi Germany operated more than a thousand concentration camps (), including subcamp (SS), subcamps on its own territory and in parts of German-occupied Europe. The first camps were established in March 1933 immediately after Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany. Following the Night of Long Knives, 1934 purge of the Sturmabteilung, SA, the concentration camps were run exclusively by the Schutzstaffel, SS via the Concentration Camps Inspectorate and later the SS Main Economic and Administrative Office. Initially, most prisoners were members of the Communist Party of Germany, but as time went on different groups were arrested, including "habitual criminals", "Black triangle (badge), asocials", and Jews. After the beginning of World War II, people from German-occupied Europe were imprisoned in the concentration camps. About 1.65 million people were registered prisoners in the camps, of whom about Holocaust victims, a million died during their imprisonment. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
