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Kamal Adwan
Kamal Abdel Hafiz Adwan (1935 – 10 April 1973), also spelt Udwan or Edwan, was a Palestinian politician and one of the top leaders in the Palestine Liberation Organization. He was killed during a 1973 Israeli raid in Lebanon. Early life and education Kamal Adwan was born in the village of Barbara in Mandatory Palestine. He lived there until the village was taken by Israeli troops during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. It was recorded that the village was depopulated of its 2,800 Palestinian inhabitants, who became refugees in the Gaza Strip and surrounding Arab countries. When he was thirteen years old, Adwan settled as a refugee in Gaza where he completed his secondary education. He then worked as a teacher during the early 1950s before moving to Egypt to pursue his secondary education to qualify as a petroleum engineer. Political role in the Palestinian National Movement Adwan joined the Palestinian national movement in 1952, when he helped to establish the “justice batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbara, Gaza
Barbara () was a Palestinian people, Palestinian Arab village in the Gaza Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine, Gaza Subdistrict located 17 km northeast of Gaza City, Gaza city, in the vicinity of modern Ashkelon. It had an entirely Arab population of 2,410 in 1945. The village consisted of nearly 14,000 dunam, dunums of which approximately 12,700 dunums was able to be cultivated. It was captured by Israel during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. History Barbara received its modern name from the Ancient Rome, Romans. After the Roman rule the village was under the control of a number of empires and dynasties ranging from the Byzantines, various Islamic Arab dynasties, the Kingdom of Jerusalem , Crusaders, the Turkic peoples , Turkish Mamluk Egypt, Mamluks, Ottoman Empire , Ottomans and finally the British Empire. Archeological building and pottery remains from the Late Ancient Rome, Roman and the Byzantine Empire, Byzantine periods have been excavated here. Coins minted under Nero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mossad Assassinations Following The Munich Massacre
Operation Bayonet () was a covert operation directed by Mossad to assassinate individuals they accused of being involved in the 1972 Munich massacre. The targets were members of the Palestinians, Palestinian armed militant group Black September Organization, Black September and operatives of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO). Authorised by Prime Minister of Israel, Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir in the autumn of 1972, the operation is believed to have continued for over twenty years. While Mossad killed several prominent Palestinians during the operation, they never managed to kill the mastermind behind Munich, namely Abu Daoud. The operation was depicted in the television film ''Sword of Gideon'' (1986) and Steven Spielberg's film ''Munich (2005 film), Munich'' (2005). History Two days after the Munich massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics, Israel retaliated by 1972 Israeli air raid in Syria and Lebanon, bombing ten PLO bases in Sy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carmel Market
Carmel Market (, ''Shuk HaCarmel'') is an outdoor marketplace in Tel Aviv, Israel. History The Carmel market was established in the 1920s. '''' It is bordered by Allenby Street and Magen David Square and is principally located along Carmel Street, but has expanded over time to streets, such as Nahalat Binya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nahariya
Nahariya () is the northernmost coastal city in Israel. As of , the city had a population of . The city was founded in 1935 by Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany. Etymology Nahariya takes its name from the stream of Ga'aton River, Ga'aton (river is ''nahar'' in Hebrew), which bisects it. History Bronze Age The ruins of a 3,400-year-old Bronze Age citadel were found in the coastal city of Nahariya near the beach on Balfour Street, at a site known to archaeologists as ''Khirbet Kabarsa''. The citadel was an administrative center serving the mariners who sailed along the Mediterranean coast. There is evidence of commercial and cultural relations with Cyprus and the rest of the Mediterranean region. The fortress was destroyed four times by conflagration and rebuilt each time. Byzantine period A church from the Byzantium, Byzantine period, dedicated to St. Lazarus, was excavated in the 1970s. It was destroyed by fire, probably at the time of the Sasanian conquest and occupation o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Jerusalem Post
''The Jerusalem Post'' is an English language, English-language Israeli broadsheet newspaper based in Jerusalem, Israel, founded in 1932 during the Mandate for Palestine, British Mandate of Mandatory Palestine, Palestine by Gershon Agron as ''The Palestine Post''. In 1950, it changed its name to ''The Jerusalem Post''. In 2004, the paper was bought by Mirkaei Tikshoret, a diversified Israeli media firm controlled by investor Eli Azur (who in 2014 also acquired the newspaper ''Maariv (newspaper), Maariv''). ''The Jerusalem Post'' is published in English. Previously, it also had a French edition. The paper describes itself as being in the Politics of Israel, Israeli political political center, center, which is considered to be Centre-right politics, center-right by Far-right politics in Israel, international standards; its editorial line is critical of political corruption, and supportive of the separation of religion and state in Israel. It is also a strong proponent of greater in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamal Adwan Hospital
During the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip, the Kamal Adwan Hospital, a hospital in Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip, Palestine, was besieged multiple times by the Israel Defense Forces until Israel shut it down on December 27, 2024. On December 27, 2024, the Israeli army stormed the hospital, setting it on fire, and forcibly removed patients and staff from the hospital. At the time Kamal Adwan was the last remaining major medical facility in the north Gaza. The IDF stated the hospital was a command center by Hamas, and its doctors and nurses were "terrorists". Hospital staff have denied these allegations, and sources have noted that the IDF has not provided evidence for their claims. Background Founded in 2002 to treat Palestinians injured in the Second Intifada, the Kamal Adwan Hospital was named after Fatah leader, Kamal Abdel Hafiz Adwan. The second largest medical facility in Northern Gaza after the Indonesian Hospital, Kamal Adwan Hospital frequently experiences shortages of me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ehud Barak
Ehud Barak ( ; born Ehud Brog; 12 February 1942) is an Israeli former general and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Israel, prime minister from 1999 to 2001. He was leader of the Israeli Labor Party, Labor Party between 1997 and 2001 and between 2007 and 2011. Born on a kibbutz, Barak is the eldest of four sons; his grandparents were murdered in the Holocaust. He graduated in physics and mathematics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and later obtained a master's in engineering-economic systems from Stanford University. Barak's military career in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) began in 1959, spanning 35 years and culminating in his appointment as Chief of the General Staff (Israel), Chief of the General Staff in 1991, serving until 1995. His military tenure is noted for his leadership in several operations, including "Operation Isotope" in 1972, the covert 1973 Israeli raid in Lebanon, and the 1976 Entebbe raid. A Rav Aluf, lieutenant general, Barak shares wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ..., and affiliated with Columbia University. Founded in 1893, it is currently directed by Jennifer Crewe (2014–present) and publishes titles in the humanities and sciences, including the fields of literary and cultural studies, history, social work, sociology, religion, film, and international studies. History Columbia University Press was founded in May 1893. In 1933, the first four volumes of the ''History of the State of New York'' were published. In the early 1940s, the Press' revenues rose, partially thanks to the ''Encyclopedia'' and the government's purchase of 12,500 copies for use by the military. Columbia University Press is notable for publishing r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghassan Kanafani
Ghassan Fayiz Kanafani (; 8 April 1936 – 8 July 1972) was a prominent Palestinian literature, Palestinian author and Palestinian militant, militant, considered to be a leading novelist of his generation and one of the Arab world's leading Palestinian writers. Kanafani's works have been translated into more than 17 languages. Kanafani was born in Acre, Israel, Acre, Mandatory Palestine in 1936. During the 1948 Palestine war, his family was 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight, forced out of their hometown by Zionist militias. Kanafani later recalled the intense shame he felt when, at the age of 12, he watched the men of his family surrender their weapons to become refugees. The family settled in Damascus, Syria, where he completed his primary education. He then became a teacher for displaced Palestinian children in a refugee camp, where he began writing short stories in order to help his students contextualize their situation. He began studying for an Arabic Literature degree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Abu-Youssef Al Najjar
Muhammad Youssef Al-Najjar (; 11 June 1930 – 10 April 1973), commonly known as Abu Youssef, was a Palestinian militant who was assassinated by Israel over alleged involvement in the 1972 Munich massacre. Life Originally from Yibna, he was forced to leave his home village in 1948 by the Israeli forces when he settled with his family in the Rafah Camp, Gaza Strip. He worked as a teacher until 1954 when he went to Egypt to study law at Cairo University. He was qualified from Egypt as a lawyer. In 1965, while working in Kuwait, Abu Youssef founded Fatah along with Yasser Arafat and other exiled Palestinians. Youssef was an early activist, traveling to Qatar to form similar groups, and taking command of Fatah's military wing. In 1968, Youssef was appointed to the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). He also was a member of the Palestinian National Congress, and the Palestinian parliament in exile. Two months before his death, Youssef was interview ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamal Nasser
Kamal Butros Nasser (; 1924–10 April 1973) was a Palestinian political leader, writer and poet. In the early 1970s, Nasser was a spokesman for the Palestine Liberation Organization. Early life and education Nasser was born in Gaza in 1924, and grew up in Birzeit. He hailed from a Christian family; his father was Reverend Butrus Nasir, who was a leader within Palestine's Arab Protestant community from Bir Zeit. Kamal was educated at Birzeit school (now Bir Zeit University). He then studied political science at the American University of Beirut and graduated in 1945. Later on he worked as a teacher while studying law in Jerusalem, and then taught at Al-Ahlia College in Ramallah. Nasser's cousin was Hanna Nasser. Political life Nasser joined the Ba‘ath in 1952. He was responsible for producing the '' Al-Ba'ath'' newspaper from Ramallah and also set up ''al-Jil al-Jadid'' (The New Era), a militant newspaper. In 1956 he was elected to Jordanian parliament as Ba‘ath me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Odeh Dawood
Mohammad Daoud Oudeh (, 1937 – 3 July 2010), commonly known by his nom de guerre Abu Daoud or Abu Dawud (), was a Palestinian militant, teacher and lawyer known as the planner, architect and mastermind of the Munich massacre. He served in a number of commanding functions in Fatah's armed units in Lebanon and Jordan. Biography Oudeh was born in Silwan, East Jerusalem, in 1937. He was a teacher by training. He taught physics and mathematics in Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Then he worked at the justice ministry of Kuwait and studied law. He lived in Jerusalem until the 1967 Six-Day War, when he was displaced after Israel captured the eastern portion of the city. He resettled in Jordan, where he joined the PLO. In 1970, Abu Daoud was one of the founders of Fatah. He received military training from the North Korean military. From 1971 he was leader of the Black September, a Fatah offshoot created to avenge the September 1970 expulsion of the Fedayeen Movement from Jordan and carry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
