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Kabane
were Japanese hereditary noble titles. Their use traces back to ancient times when they began to be used as titles signifying a family's political and social status. History At first, the ''kabane'' were administered by individual clans, but eventually they came to be controlled by the Yamato imperial court. As the court's national unification efforts progressed, a ''kabane'' was given to the most powerful families, which gradually became a hereditary noble title, and new ones were created. There were almost thirty of them in number. Some of the more common ''kabane'' were , , '' Sukune'' (宿禰), , , , , , and . Descendants of the were given '' Omi'' and the were given '' Muraji.'' Of these, the most influential families were given '' Ōomi'' and '' Ōmuraji''. The imperial House of Yamato became the most powerful family in the ''kabane'' system, although during the 6th century AD, a number of other leaders, often with high ranks of ''Omi'' and ''Muraji,'' sometimes o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahito (title)
''Mahito'' (真人) was one of the hereditary Nobility, noble titles of ancient Japan. It was the highest in the ''Yakusa no kabane'' system of eight ''kabane'' titles. History Mahito was the highest in the ''Yakusa'' ''no kabane'' system of eight ''kabane'' titles (the second being ''Ason'' and the third being ''Sukune''), which was established in October 684, during the reign of Emperor Tenmu. ''Mahito'' was originally a Chinese Taoism, Taoist term for hermit, ''shinjin'', but it was read as "mahito" in the ''Yakusa no kabane'' system, and was given the descendants of the Imperial Family after Emperor Ōjin. At the beginning of the enactment, the title was given to 13 clans, after which the number was increased to 60 clans. Later, it was given to members of the Imperial Family who were demoted to nobility. However, during the Nara period, the ''kabane'' system was abolished, and the number of clans taking the title gradually decreased. See also * ''Ason'' * ''Sukune'' * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omi (title)
is a hereditary noble title (''kabane'') of ancient Japan. It was given to the descendants of the Imperial Family before Emperor Kōgen. Along with ''Muraji'', ''Omi'' was reserved for the head of the most powerful clans during the Kofun period. When the Yamato court was established, the most influential families bearing these two titles were given the title ''Ōomi'' and ''Ōmuraji'', respectively. History The O''mi'' clans generally took their names from the geographic location from which they originated, such as the , the , the , the , the , and the , thus making them regional chieftains in their own right. The most powerful ''Omi'' added the prefix to the O''mi'' title, and were referred to as . Examples of ''Ōomi'' mentioned in the ''Nihon Shoki'' included during the reign of Emperor Richū, during the reign of Emperors Yūryaku and Seinei, during the reign of Emperor Keitai and the four generations of Sogas who dominated the title during the 6th and 7th centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muraji
(from Old Japanese: ''muraⁿzi'' < *''mura-nusi'' "village master") was an ancient ese hereditary title denoting rank and political standing (a '''') that was reserved for the most powerful among the ''Tomo no Miyatsuko'' clans, which were clans associated with particular occupations. The ''muraji'' rivaled the rank of '' omi'' in political power and standing during much of the and were frequently in conflict with them over p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ason
was a hereditary noble title in Japan, used mainly between the Asuka and Heian periods. At first, it was the second highest, below '' Mahito'', which was given to members of the Imperial family, but after the Heian period it became the highest of the eight noble titles: ''Ason, Mahito, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji'', and '' Inagi.'' History The title was created as a part of the eight-''kabane'' system, proclaimed in 684 during Emperor Tenmu's reign, as its second highest rank. As such, ''Asomi'' was initially given to the highest-ranked noble clans whose genealogical origins were often claimed back to imperial princes. Although the clans closest to the Imperial House, that is, descendants of Emperor Keitai, were intended to be promoted to ''Mahito'', the first rank in the original eight ''kabane'' system, this fell out of favor with the nobility. In 802, Prince Yasuyo, a son of Emperor Kammu was designated Yoshimine no Ason Yasuyo, an indication that he had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuni No Miyatsuko
, also read as ''kokuzō'' or ''kunitsuko'', were officials in ancient Japan during the Yamato period who governed provinces called ''kuni''. Yamato period ''Kuni no miyatsuko'' governed provinces called ''kuni'' (国), although the location, names, and borders of the provinces remain unclear. ''Kuni no miyatsuko'' were appointed by and remained under the jurisdiction of the Yamato Court, but over time the position became hereditary. ''Kuni no miyatsuko'' carried ''kabane'' titles bestowed by the Yamato Court, commonly Kimi (kabane), ''kimi'' (君) or ''atae'' (直). Prestigious ''kuni no miyatsuko'' held the title of ''Omi (title), omi'' (臣). Taika Reforms The office of ''kuni no miyatsuko'' was abolished in the Taika Reforms in 645 and the former administrative ''kuni'' (provinces) were formally reorganized under the ''Ritsuryō'' system. The provinces became ruled by new officials called ''kuni no mikotomochi'', or more commonly, Kokushi (official), ''kokushi''. The ''kuni n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimi (kabane)
was an ancient Japanese hereditary title denoting rank and political standing (a ''kabane'') that was reserved for certain members of the ''Tomo no Miyatsuko'' clans, which were clans associated with particular occupations. They became a hereditary title passed down the generations. The ''kimi'' rank was lower than the ''muraji'' and '' omi'' ranks in political power and standing during much of the Kofun period and Asuka period which are collectively grouped as the Yamato period.Shinsen Shōjiroku "''Kimi''" literally means "Lord" (of a local area). For example, in the name Kamitsukeno no Kimi Wakako, "Kamitsukeno no kimi" means "Lord of Kamitsukeno" and Wakako is his personal name. Sometimes the character (公) is used in place of (君). List of ''Kimi'' (君) ** Oka no Kimi Yoroshi (岡君宜), sent as envoy to Tang dynasty, China for Emperor Kōtoku. * Bungo Province (豊後国) ** Okita no Kimi Esaka (大分君惠尺, died 675), important member of the court for Emperor T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kofun Period
The is an era in the history of Japan from about 300 to 538 AD (the date of the introduction of Buddhism), following the Yayoi period. The Kofun and the subsequent Asuka periods are sometimes collectively called the Yamato period. This period is the earliest era of recorded history in Japan, but studies depend heavily on archaeology since the chronology of historical sources tends to be distorted. ''Kofun'' is Japanese for the type of tumulus, burial mound dating from this era. It was a period of cultural import. Continuing from the Yayoi period, the Kofun period is characterized by influence from China and the Korean Peninsula; archaeologists consider it a shared culture across the southern Korean Peninsula, Kyūshū and Honshū. On the other hand, the most prosperous keyhole-shaped burial mounds in Japan during this period were approximately 5,000 in Japan from the middle of the 3rd century in the Yayoi period to the 7th century in the Asuka period, and many of them had huge tom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taika Reform
The were a set of doctrines established by Emperor Kōtoku (孝徳天皇 ''Kōtoku tennō'') in the year 645. They were written shortly after the death of Prince Shōtoku and the defeat of the Soga clan (蘇我氏 ''Soga no uji''), uniting Japan. The reforms also artistically marked the end of the Asuka period and the beginning of the Hakuhō period. Crown Prince Naka no Ōe (the future Emperor Tenji), Nakatomi no Kamatari, and Emperor Kōtoku jointly embarked on the details of the Reforms. Emperor Kōtoku then announced the era of " Taika" (大化), or "Great Reform". The Reform began with land reform, based on Confucian ideas and philosophies from Tang China, but the true aim of the reforms was to bring about greater centralization and to enhance the power of the imperial court, which was also based on the governmental structure of China. Envoys and students were dispatched to China to learn seemingly everything from the Chinese writing system, literature, religion, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukune
''Sukune'' (宿禰) is one of the hereditary noble titles of ancient Japan. In the 3rd to 5th centuries, it was used as a title to represent military and administrative officers of the Yamato court. In the 8th century, it became one of the eight ''kabane''. It is the third highest after '' Mahito'' and ''Ason''. It was given to the descendants of the ''kami'' (神別, ''shinbetsu''), who held the ''Muraji'' title, such as Owari and Ōtomo clans. Usage In the past, the ''kanji'' writing form used for Sukune was "足尼" or "足禰". The oldest known usage of Sukune is on the ancient Inariyama Sword with the inscription "多加利足尼". In ''Kokuzō Hongi'', a book about the genealogy of Kuni-no-Miyatsuko families, there are over 20 Yamato court officials with the Sukune title. Sukune and Ōne titles In '' Kujiki,'' there are several cases in which the title of Sukune is given alongside the title of Ōne. It is said that during the reign of Emperor Sujin, Takeigokor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agatanushi
was the name of an ancient title of nobility in the ''kabane'' system of Yamato period Japan from the 4th through 6th century AD, before the introduction of the ''Ritsuryō'' system. The word is a combination of the ''kanji'' for with , a political unit smaller than a province, and the ''agatanushi'' ranked below the title of . It is thought that the ''agatanushi'' were originally chieftains of small Kofun period tribal states which had been annexed by the Yamato state The was a tribal alliance centered on the Yamato region (Nara Prefecture) from the 4th century to the 7th century, and ruled over the alliance of noble families in the central and western parts of the Japanese archipelago. The age is from th .... Per the Chinese “History of the Sui Dynasty”, (589-618), Yamato was divided into ''kuni'' (国 provinces), which were subdivided into ''agata'' (県), which were governed respectively by ''kuni no miyatsuko'' and ''agatanushi'', who were responsible for collect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asuka Period
The was a period in the history of Japan lasting from 538 to 710, although its beginning could be said to overlap with the preceding Kofun period. The Yamato period, Yamato polity evolved greatly during the Asuka period, which is named after the Asuka, Yamato, Asuka region, about south of the modern city of Nara, Nara, Nara. The Asuka period is characterized by its significant Japanese art, artistic, social, and political transformations, having their origins in the late Kofun period. The introduction of Buddhism marked a change in Japanese society. The Asuka period is also distinguished by the change in the name of the country from to . Naming The term "Asuka period" was first used to describe a period in the history of Japanese fine-arts and architecture. It was proposed by fine-arts scholars and Okakura Kakuzō around 1900. Sekino dated the Asuka period as ending with the Taika Reform of 646. Okakura, however, saw it as ending with the transfer of the capital to the Heijō ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
