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Jānis Francis
Jānis Francis (3 July 1877 – 24 October 1956) was a general of the Latvian Army, recipient of the Order of Lāčplēsis, the 3rd class. Biography Born in Ķoņu parish, into a farming family, Francis graduated from a school in Valmiera city. Conscripted into Imperial Russian Army in 1894, he initially served in the 113th infantry regiment, based in Riga. In 1898 graduated from Vilnius military school, as the praporshchik. Afterwards Francis served in the 180th infantry regiment, which was based in Jelgava. He was promoted to the rank of podporuchik in 1899, and to the rank of poruchik in 1903. In 1904 Francis was attached to the 160th Abkhazian infantry regiment, which participated in Russo-Japanese War.Biography in Order of Lāčplēsis home page He received several awards for his efforts. After the war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podporuchik
''Podporuchik'' ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, потпоручник, potporučnik, , , , , ) is the most junior officer in some Slavic armed forces, and is placed below the rank of lieutenant, typically corresponding to rank of second lieutenant in English-speaking countries. Russia and Russian imperial armed forces The rank was introduced first by Peter the Great in 1703 as an officer rank of the so-called ober-officer rank group. It belonged to rank class XIII (infantry), class XII (artillery, and engineer troops), and class X (guards) until 1884. In line with the military reforms in 1884, became in peace time. However, in the guards and the cossacks armed forces Cornet and Chorąży remained the lowest officer rank. The equivalent to was Michman in the Imperial Russian Navy, and governmental secretary () in the civil administration. Poland In Poland, the rank of (; abbreviated "ppor.") is the lowest officer rank used within the Polish Army.Marian Laprus (ed.)Leksykon wiedzy woj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latvijas Kareivis
''Latvijas Kareivis'' () was an official daily newspaper of the Latvian Army from February 1, 1920, to August 9, 1940. It was initially published 3 times in a week, but from March 7, 1920, it was published six times in a week. At the beginning ''Latvijas Kareivis'' was 2 pages long, but later in some circulations it consisted of 32 pages. Its content consisted of various topics related to the military as official documents from Ministry of Defense and headquarters, stories about Latvian War of Independence The Latvian War of Independence (), sometimes called Latvia's freedom battles () or the Latvian War of Liberation (), was a series of military conflicts in Latvia between 5 December 1918, after the newly proclaimed Republic of Latvia was invade ..., there also were discussed questions about politics, social life and army. Literature * Latvijas Brīvības cīņas 1918 — 1920. Enciklopēdija. Rīga:Preses nams, 1999. Newspapers established in 1920 Publications dises ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ķekava
Ķekava (historical ) is a city in Latvia, in the historical region of Vidzeme. It is on the left side of the , a tributary of the Daugava River. Ķekava serves as the center of Ķekava Municipality and Ķekava Parish. Etymology According to the version of the etymologist , "Ķekava" is a word of Baltic origin: in ancient Indo-European languages, the root "kek" means "bend, bend", and "av(e)" means "moisten, dehydrate, flow". This hydronym probably reflects the course of the : in the upper reaches it runs parallel to the Daugava, but in the middle reaches there are some sharp bends, turning towards the mouth of the Daugava. History In 1916, the First Battle of Kekava and Second Battle of Kekava were fought at Ķekava. Ķekava was a small village until 1970s (with a population of 333 in 1967). After the creation of the Ķekava kolkhoz and the construction of the poultry factory (''Ķekavas putnu fabrika''), the village's population increased. Following the Singing Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ķemeri
Ķemeri resort (originally ''Ķemeres'', also known as ''Kemmern'') is a part of Jūrmala in Latvia, 44 km from Riga. From 1928 to 1959, Ķemeri was a separate town, famous for healing mud baths and luxurious hotels. Approximately 2,200 inhabitants live there, while the main hotel is under reconstruction. History The name Ķemeri (''Kemmern'') first appears in written sources after the founding of the Dukedom of Courland in 1561. Documentary evidence indicates that the springs at Ķemeri first became known for their curative properties in 1796, the first chemical analysis of the spring water being performed in 1818. The residents of the nearby town of Sloka, Latvia, Sloka began to build houses for the patients. In 1825, the first public building was built for spa guests. ''Bad Kemmern'' was founded as a resort in 1838, when the emperor Nicholas I of Russia gave this land for building the first bath-house with mineral water. From then onwards people started to come here for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sloka, Latvia
Sloka is a residential area and neighbourhood of the city Jūrmala, Latvia. History Sloka is first mentioned in historical records in 1255 under the names ''Slock'' and ''Schlocken''. It developed as a fishing village at the river Slocene under the Livonian Order. During the 17th century the Duke of Courland established lime kilns, copper furnaces and a foundry in Sloka. As part of Courland, the village became Lutheran and the first church was built in 1567. The Sloka Station, Sloka railway station was established in 1877. Under Russian law, Sloka gained town rights in 1878. It existed as a separate town until 1959 when it was merged with Ķemeri and the Riga district of Jūrmala to form the Jūrmala, City of Jūrmala. JŪRMALA, Nature and Cultural Heritage, Ed. LaimaSlava, Neputns 2004, , pages 78-83 References External links Neighbourhoods in Jūrmala {{Vidzeme-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polkovnik
(; ) is a military rank used mostly in Slavic-speaking countries which corresponds to a colonel in English-speaking states, ''coronel'' in Spanish and Portuguese-speaking states and ''oberst'' in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries. It was originally a rank in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire. However, in Cossack Hetmanate and Sloboda Ukraine, ''polkovnyk'' was an administrative rank similar to a governor. Usually this word is translated as colonel, however the transliteration is also in common usage, for the sake of the historical and social context. began as a commander of a distinct group of troops (''polk''), arranged for battle. The exact name of this rank maintains a variety of spellings in different languages, but all descend from the Old Slavonic word ''polk'' (literally: regiment sized unit), and include the following in alphabetical order: # Belarus — # Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia — () # Bulg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latvian Riflemen
The Latvian Riflemen (; ) were originally a military formation of the Imperial Russian Army assembled starting 1915 in Latvia in order to defend Baltic governorates against the German Empire in World War I. Initially, the battalions were formed by volunteers, and from 1916 by conscription among the Latvian population. A total of about 40,000 troops were drafted into the Latvian Riflemen Division. They were used as an elite force in the Imperial and Red armies. Background Towards the end of the 19th century, Riga, the future capital of Latvia, became one of the most industrialized cities in the Russian Empire. The Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party (LSDRP) was well organized and its leading elements were increasingly sympathetic to the Bolsheviks by the time of the 1905 Revolution. When punitive expeditions were mounted by the state following this, armed resistance groups - often affiliated to the LSDRP - were set up to conduct guerilla warfare against the Tsarist reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podpolkovnik
''Podpolkovnik'' () is a military rank in Slavic and nearby countries which corresponds to the lieutenant colonel in the English-speaking states and military. In different languages the exact name of this rank maintains a variety of spellings. The transliteration is also in common usage for the sake of tradition dating back to the Old Slavonic word "polk" (literally: regiment sized unit), and include the following names in alphabetical order: # Azerbaijan — ''Polkovnik-leytenant'' # Belarus — () # Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia — / () # Bulgaria — # Czech Republic — () # Georgia — () # North Macedonia — () # Poland — () # Russia — () () # Slovenia — # Slovakia — # Ukraine — () Russia In Russia, the rank of lieutenant colonel is called (). First it appeared in Russia as appointment or assignment to the assistant or deputy commander of a regiment sized military formation at the end of the 15th — early 16th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
:World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Main areas of conflict included Europe and the Middle East, as well as parts of Africa and the Asia-Pacific. There were important developments in weaponry including tanks, aircraft, artillery, machine guns, and chemical weapons. One of the deadliest conflicts in history, it resulted in an estimated 30 million military casualties, plus another 8 million civilian deaths from war-related causes and genocide. The movement of large numbers of people was a major factor in the deadly Spanish flu pandemic. The causes of World War I included the rise of Germany and decline of the Ottoman Empire, which disturbed the long-standing balance of power in Europe, imperial rivalries, and shifting alliances and an arms race between the great powers. Growing tensions between the great powers and i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
