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Jöns Jacob Berzelius
Baron Jöns Jacob Berzelius (; 20 August 1779 – 7 August 1848) was a Swedish chemist. Berzelius is considered, along with Robert Boyle, John Dalton, and Antoine Lavoisier, to be one of the founders of modern chemistry. Berzelius became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1808 and served from 1818 as its principal functionary. He is known in Sweden as the "Father of Swedish Chemistry". During his lifetime he did not customarily use his first given name, and was universally known simply as Jacob Berzelius. Although Berzelius began his career as a physician, his enduring contributions were in the fields of electrochemistry, chemical bonding and stoichiometry. In particular, he is noted for his determination of atomic weights and his experiments that led to a more complete understanding of the principles of stoichiometry, which is the branch of chemistry pertaining to the quantitative relationships between elements in chemical compounds and chemical reactions and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Östergötland
Östergötland (; English exonym: East Gothland) is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden (''landskap'' in Swedish) in the south of Sweden. It borders Småland, Västergötland, Närke, Södermanland and the Baltic Sea. In older English literature, the Latinized version ''Ostrogothia'' is also used. The corresponding administrative county, Östergötland County, covers the entire province and parts of neighbouring provinces. Heraldry From 1560, Östergötland was represented with two separate coats-of-arms seals until 1884, when the current one was granted. The coat of arms is represented with a ducal coronet. Blazon: " gules a griffin with dragon wings, tail and tongue rampant or armed, beaked, langued and membered azure between four roses argent." Geography From west to east, in the middle parts, extends the Östgöta Plain (''Östgötaslätten''). It is largely agricultural. In the southern part of the province, the terrain becomes marked by the south Swedish hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selenium
Selenium is a chemical element; it has symbol (chemistry), symbol Se and atomic number 34. It has various physical appearances, including a brick-red powder, a vitreous black solid, and a grey metallic-looking form. It seldom occurs in this elemental state or as pure ore compounds in Earth's crust. Selenium ( ) was discovered in 1817 by , who noted the similarity of the new element to the previously discovered tellurium (named for the Earth). Selenium is found in :Sulfide minerals, metal sulfide ores, where it substitutes for sulfur. Commercially, selenium is produced as a byproduct in the refining of these ores. Minerals that are pure selenide or selenate compounds are rare. The chief commercial uses for selenium today are glassmaking and pigments. Selenium is a semiconductor and is used in photocells. Applications in electronics, once important, have been mostly replaced with silicon semiconductor devices. Selenium is still used in a few types of Direct current, DC power surge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
YouTube
YouTube is an American social media and online video sharing platform owned by Google. YouTube was founded on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim who were three former employees of PayPal. Headquartered in San Bruno, California, it is the second-most-visited website in the world, after Google Search. In January 2024, YouTube had more than 2.7billion monthly active users, who collectively watched more than one billion hours of videos every day. , videos were being uploaded to the platform at a rate of more than 500 hours of content per minute, and , there were approximately 14.8billion videos in total. On November 13, 2006, YouTube was purchased by Google for $1.65 billion (equivalent to $ billion in ). Google expanded YouTube's business model of generating revenue from advertisements alone, to offering paid content such as movies and exclusive content produced by and for YouTube. It also offers YouTube Premium, a paid subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baron
Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often Hereditary title, hereditary, in various European countries, either current or historical. The female equivalent is baroness. Typically, the title denotes an aristocrat who ranks higher than a lord or knight, but lower than a viscount or count. Often, barons hold their fief – their lands and income – directly from the monarch. Barons are less often the vassals of other nobles. In many kingdoms, they were entitled to wear a smaller form of a crown called a ''coronet''. The term originates from the Late Latin, Latin term , via Old French. The use of the title ''baron'' came to England via the Norman Conquest of 1066, then the Normans brought the title to Scotland and Southern Italy. It later spread to Scandinavian and Slavic lands. Etymology The word '':wikt:baron, baron'' comes from the Old French , from a Late Latin "man; servant, soldier, mercenary" (so used in Salic law; Alemannic law has in the same sense). The sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johan Erik Rydqvist
Johan Erik Rydqvist (20 October 1800 – 17 December 1877) was a Swedish people, Swedish Linguistics, linguist. He was a member of the Swedish Academy from 1849 until his death, and served as its permanent secretary from 19 October 1868 to 4 March 1869. References 1800 births 1877 deaths Members of the Swedish Academy 19th-century linguists Academics from Gothenburg External links Johan Erik Rydqvist – Biography from the Dictionary of Swedish National Biography (in Swedish) {{Authority control ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Von Rosenstein
Carl von Rosenstein (born Carl Aurivillius; 13 May 1766 – 2 December 1836) was the Church of Sweden Bishop of Linköping from 1809 to 1819 and Archbishop of Uppsala from 1819 to 1836. Biography Rosenstein was born in Uppsala, Sweden. He was the son of professor Samuel Aurivillius and Anna Margaretha Rosén von Rosenstein. He belonged to the Swedish nobility. The "von Rosenstein" surname was his mother's family name which came through an adoption. His maternal grandfather was Uppsala University professor of medicine Nils Rosén von Rosenstein (1706–1773). He attended Uppsala University where he first studied classical literature followed by theology. In 1786, at the age of 20, Rosenstein defended his PhD. He was ordained a priest in 1791 after becoming master of primus and associate professor of theology in 1790. In 1792 he became theology liceniat. He served as a theology lecturer at the University of Uppsala, leaving in 1796 to become pastor in the pastorate of Kumla an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Academy
The Swedish Academy (), founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Its 18 members, who are elected for life, comprise the highest Swedish language authority. Outside Scandinavia, it is best known as the body that chooses the laureates for the annual Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded in memory of the donor Alfred Nobel. History The Swedish Academy was founded in 1786 by King Gustav III. Modelled after the Académie française, it has 18 members. It is said that Gustaf III originally intended there to be twenty members, half the number of those in the French Academy, but eventually decided on eighteen because the Swedish expression ''De Aderton'' – 'The Eighteen' – had such a fine solemn ring. The academy's motto is "Talent and Taste" (''"Snille och Smak"'' in Swedish). The academy's primary purpose is to further the "purity, strength, and sublimity of the Swedish language" (''"Svenska Språkets renhet, styrka och höghet''") (Walshe, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Fellows Of The Royal Society A, B, C
About 8,000 fellows have been elected to the Royal Society of London since its inception in 1660. Below is an incomplete list of people who are or were ''Fellow'' or Foreign Member of the Royal Society. The date of election to the fellowship follows the name. Dates in brackets relate to an award or event associated with the person. The Society maintains complete online lists ocurrent fellowsand opast and current Fellows This list is complete up to and including 2019. List of fellows A , , 10 August 1865 – 19 December 1952 , - , James Arderne, , 1668-06-11, , c. 1636 – c. September 1691 , - , William Arderon, , 1745-12-12, , 1703 – 25 November 1767 , - , Robert Areskin, , 1703-11-30, , c. 1674 – 15 January 1719 , - , Antoine Joseph Dezallier d'Argenville, , 1750-03-22, , 4 July 1680 – 29 November 1765 , - , John Argyris, , 1986-03-20, , 19 August 1916 – 2 April 2004 , - , William Joscelyn Arkell, , 1947-03-20, , 9 June 1904 – 18 April 1958 , - , Josep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copley Medal
The Copley Medal is the most prestigious award of the Royal Society of the United Kingdom, conferred "for sustained, outstanding achievements in any field of science". The award alternates between the physical sciences or mathematics and the biological sciences. It is arguably the highest United Kingdom, British and Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth award for scientific achievement, and has often been included among the most distinguished international scientific awards. Given annually, the medal is the oldest Royal Society medal awarded and the oldest surviving scientific award in the world, having first been given in 1731 to Stephen Gray (scientist), Stephen Gray, for "his new Electrical Experiments: – as an encouragement to him for the readiness he has always shown in obliging the Society with his discoveries and improvements in this part of Natural Knowledge". The medal is made of silver-gilt and awarded with a £25,000 prize. It is awarded to "senior scientists" irres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Recipients Of The Pour Le Mérite For Sciences And Arts
This is a list of recipients of the Pour le Mérite The (; , ), also informally known as the ''Blue Max'' () after German WWI flying ace Max Immelmann, is an order of merit established in 1740 by King Frederick II of Prussia. Separated into two classes, each with their own designs, the was ... for Sciences and Arts (), a German and formerly Prussian honor given since 1842 for achievement in the humanities, sciences, or arts. Bibliography * References External links * {{DEFAULTSORT:List of recipients of the Pour le Merite for Sciences and Arts Science and technology award winners Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts Lists of German award winners ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beaker (laboratory Equipment)
In laboratory equipment, a beaker is generally a cylindrical container with a flat bottom.Oxford English Dictionary 1989 edition Most also have a small spout (or "beak") to aid pouring, as shown in the picture. Beakers are available in a wide range of sizes, from one milliliter up to several liters. A beaker is distinguished from a flask by having straight rather than sloping sides. The exception to this definition is a slightly conical-sided beaker called a Philips beaker. The beaker shape in general drinkware is similar. Beakers are commonly made of glass (today usually borosilicate glass), but can also be in metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum) or certain plastics (notably polythene, polypropylene, PTFE). A common use for polypropylene beakers is gamma spectral analysis of liquid and solid samples. Construction and use Standard or "low-form" (A) beakers typically have a height about 1.4 times the diameter.British Standard 6523 (1984) ''Glass beakers for original ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Test Tube
A test tube, also known as a culture tube or sample tube, is a common piece of laboratory glassware consisting of a finger-like length of glass or clear plastic tubing, open at the top and closed at the bottom. Test tubes are usually placed in special-purpose test tube rack, racks. Types and usage Chemistry Test tubes intended for general chemical work are usually made of glass, for its relative resistance to heat. Tubes made from expansion-resistant glasses, mostly borosilicate glass or fused quartz, can withstand high temperatures up to several hundred degrees Celsius. Chemistry tubes are available in a multitude of lengths and widths, typically from 10 to 20 mm wide and 50 to 200 mm long. The top often features a flared lip to aid pouring out the contents. A chemistry test tube typically has a flat bottom, a round bottom, or a conical bottom. Some test tubes are made to accept a ground glass joint, ground glass stopper or a screw cap. They are often provided w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
