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Józef Użycki
Józef Użycki (born 1 December 1932 - 23 December 2022) is a Polish military officer, and communism, communist politician. He was a general in the Polish Land Forces, Polish Army and the Chief of the General Staff, Polish General Staff of Poland from 1983 to 1990. Life He was born in the village of Kiertyn in Stryi county (now Ukraine), in the Polish Second Republic. In February 1940, he and his family were deported to Siberia to Krasnoyarsk Krai, from where he returned to the country in 1946. After returning, he lived in Gliwice, where he attended high school. He began his military service in 1950, as a podchorąży, attending Officer Infantry school Number One in Wrocław. In 1952 he was promoted to the rank of podporuchnik, after which he was sent to the commander of the school platoon, and then deputy commander of a company at the 4th Infantry Regiment in Kielce (where he served until October 1954). In 1954-1957 he studied at the General Staff Academy. After graduation, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lviv
Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main Ukrainian culture, cultural centres of Ukraine. Lviv also hosts the administration of Lviv urban hromada. It was named after Leo I of Galicia, the eldest son of Daniel of Galicia, Daniel, King of Ruthenia. Lviv (then Lwów) emerged as the centre of the historical regions of Red Ruthenia and Galicia (Eastern Europe), Galicia in the 14th century, superseding Halych, Chełm, Belz, and Przemyśl. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia from 1272 to 1349, when it went to King Casimir III the Great of Kingdom of Poland, Poland in a Galicia–Volhynia Wars, war of succession. In 1356, Casimir the Great granted it town rights. From 1434, it was the regional capital of the Ruthenian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Polonia Restituta
The Order of Polonia Restituta (, ) is a Polish state decoration, state Order (decoration), order established 4 February 1921. It is conferred on both military and civilians as well as on alien (law), foreigners for outstanding achievements in the fields of education, science, sport, culture, art, economics, national security, national defense, social work, civil service, or for furthering good relations between countries. It is Poland's second-highest civilian state award in the order of precedence, behind the Order of the White Eagle (Poland), Order of the White Eagle. The Order of Polonia Restituta is sometimes regarded as Poland's successor to the ''Order of the Knights of Saint Stanislaus, Bishop and Martyr'', known as the Order of Saint Stanislaus, established in 1765 by Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, to honor supporters of the Polish crown. History When Poland regained its independence from the German Empire, Aust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gliwice
Gliwice (; , ) is a city in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland. The city is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Kłodnica river (a tributary of the Oder River, Oder). It lies approximately 25 km west from Katowice, the regional capital of the Silesian Voivodeship. Gliwice is the westernmost city of the Metropolis GZM, a conurbation of 2.0 million people, and is the third-largest city of this area, with 175,102 permanent residents as of 2021. It also lies within the larger Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area which has a population of about 5.3 million people and spans across most of eastern Upper Silesia, western Lesser Poland and the Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. Gliwice is bordered by three other cities and towns of the metropolitan area: Zabrze, Knurów and Pyskowice. It is one of the major college towns in Poland, thanks to the Silesian University of Technology, which was founded in 1945 by academics of Lviv Polytechnic, Lwów University of Technology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk. Comprising half of the Siberian Federal District, Krasnoyarsk Krai is the largest krai in Russia, the list of subdivisions of Russia by area, second-largest federal subject in the country after neighboring Sakha Republic, Sakha, and the list of the largest country subdivisions by area, third-largest country subdivision by area in the world. The krai covers an area of , constituting roughly 13% of Russia's total area. Krasnoyarsk Krai has a population of 2,856,971 as of the 2021 Russian census, 2021 census. Geography The krai lies in the middle of Siberia, and occupies nearly half of the Siberian Federal District, almost splitting it in half, stretching from the Sayan Mountains in the south along the Yenisei River to the Tay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberia
Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states since the lengthy conquest of Siberia, which began with the fall of the Khanate of Sibir in 1582 and concluded with the annexation of Chukotka in 1778. Siberia is vast and sparsely populated, covering an area of over , but home to roughly a quarter of Russia's population. Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Omsk are the largest cities in the area. Because Siberia is a geographic and historic concept and not a political entity, there is no single precise definition of its territorial borders. Traditionally, Siberia spans the entire expanse of land from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, with the Ural River usually forming the southernmost portion of its western boundary, and includes most of the drainage basin of the Arctic Ocean. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Second Republic
The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939. The state was established in the final stage of World War I. The Second Republic was taken over in 1939, after it was invaded by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and the Slovak Republic, marking the beginning of the European theatre of the Second World War. The Polish government-in-exile was established in Paris and later London after the fall of France in 1940. When, after several regional conflicts, most importantly the victorious Polish-Soviet war, the borders of the state were finalized in 1922, Poland's neighbours were Czechoslovakia, Germany, the Free City of Danzig, Lithuania, Latvia, Romania, and the Soviet Union. It had access to the Baltic Sea via a short strip of coastline known as the Polish Corridor on either side of the city of Gdynia. Between March and August 1939, Poland also sha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stryi
Stryi (, ; ) is a city in Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located in the left bank of the Stryi (river), Stryi River, approximately south of Lviv in the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains. It serves as the administrative center of Stryi Raion within the oblast. Stryi also hosts the administration of Stryi urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is approximately Name The city takes its name from that of the river Stryi (river), Stryi, a tributary of the Dniester. The river's name is very old and means "stream". Its etymology stems from the Indo-European root *sreu. The area was inhabited by the White Croats and it has been established that name Horvat (Croat) is likewise of Iranian (Sarmatian) origin. In different times the name was written differently, and in various old documents we can find such names: Stryg, Stry, Stryj, Stryjn, Stryjia, Strig, Strigenses, Stryi, Strey, Striig, Strya, Sthryensis, Sthrya, Stryei, and Stri. The inhabitants take ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Of The General Staff
The Chief of the General Staff (CGS) is a post in many armed forces (militaries), the head of the military staff. List * Chief of the General Staff (Abkhazia) * Chief of General Staff (Afghanistan) * Chief of the General Staff (Albania) * Chief of the General Staff (Armenia) * Chief of the General Staff (Australia) * Chief of the General Staff (Austria) * Chief of General Staff of Azerbaijani Armed Forces * Chief of the General Staff (Kingdom of Bavaria) * Chief of the General Staff (Bulgaria) * Chief of the General Staff (Bangladesh) * Chief of the General Staff (Canada) * Chief of the General Staff (Chad) * Chief of the General Staff (China) * Chief of the General Staff (Croatia) * Chief of the General Staff (Czech Republic) * Chief of the General Staff (Czechoslovakia) * Chief of the General Staff (Denmark) * Chief of the General Staff (Egypt) * Chief of General Staff (Ethiopia) * Chief of General Staff (Georgia) * Chief of the General Staff (Germany) * C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Land Forces
The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stretches back a millennium – since the 10th century (see List of Polish wars and History of the Polish Army). Poland's modern army was formed after Poland regained independence following World War I in 1918. History 1918–1938 When Poland regained independence in 1918, it recreated its military which participated in the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921, and in the two smaller conflicts ( Polish–Ukrainian War (1918–1919) and the Polish–Lithuanian War (1919–1920)). Initially, right after the First World War, Poland had five military districts (1918–1921): * Poznań Military District (Poznański Okręg Wojskowy), HQ in Poznań * Kraków Military District (Krakowski Okręg Wojskowy), HQ in Kraków * Łódź Military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism
Communism () is a political sociology, sociopolitical, political philosophy, philosophical, and economic ideology, economic ideology within the history of socialism, socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products in society based on need.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." A communist society entails the absence of private property and social classes, and ultimately money and the State (polity), state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a Libertarian socialism, libertarian socialist approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and an authoritarian socialism, authoritarian socialist, vanguardis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medal For Merit In The Protection Of Public Order
A medal or medallion is a small portable artistic object, a thin disc, normally of metal, carrying a design, usually on both sides. They typically have a commemorative purpose of some kind, and many are presented as awards. They may be intended to be worn, suspended from clothing or jewellery in some way, although this has not always been the case. They may be struck like a coin by dies or die-cast in a mould. A medal may be awarded to a person or organisation as a form of recognition for sporting, military, scientific, cultural, academic, or various other achievements. Military awards and decorations are more precise terms for certain types of state decoration. Medals may also be created for sale to commemorate particular individuals or events, or as works of artistic expression in their own right. In the past, medals commissioned for an individual, typically with their portrait, were often used as a form of diplomatic or personal gift, with no sense of being an award for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medal Of The National Education Commission
The Medal of the Commission of National Education (Polish: ''Medal Komisji Edukacji Narodowej'', abbreviated as ''Medal KEN'') is a Polish ministerial decoration awarded for exceptional contributions to education and pedagogy. It is conferred by the Minister of National Education. The medal is named after the Commission of National Education (Polish: ''Komisja Edukacji Narodowej''), the first central authority of public education in Poland and Europe, established by the Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth on 14 October 1773 at the initiative of King Stanisław August Poniatowski. History The medal was established by the Act of 27 April 1956 on the rights and duties of teachers, which provided for its award to "individuals distinguished in education and upbringing, particularly in the areas of literature, pedagogical sciences, curricula, textbooks, and educational aids". It was later incorporated into the Act of 26 January 1982—the Teacher's Charter (''Karta Nauczyci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
