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Justitia (Spitzweg)
Justitia, also known as ''The Eye of the Law'', is an oil on canvas painting by German painter Carl Spitzweg, created ''c.'' 1857. It is held in a private collection. Description The portrait-format painting shows a statue of Justitia, or Lady Justice, on a base, which also forms the cornerstone of a stair railing. The statue facing the viewer, which is located in the left half and in the upper half of the picture, has the usual attributes of personified justice with the blindfold and the scales, in the left hand, the sword in the right hand and the classic long robe. The light brownish stone from which it appears to be made is illuminated by sunlight coming from the top left. On the building, which lies behind the landing and occupies a large part of the background, can be seen shadows cast by architectural elements. On the far left, is visible the silhouette of part of a column with a capital. From the upper end of the column's shadow, a line slopes diagonally to the right, abo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Spitzweg
Carl Spitzweg (February 5, 1808 – September 23, 1885) was a German romantic painter, especially of genre subjects. He is considered to be one of the most important artists of the Biedermeier era. Life and career Spitzweg was born in Munich, Bavaria, the second of three sons of Franziska (née Schmutzer) and Simon Spitzweg. His mother belonged to Munich's upper middle class as the daughter of a wealthy fruit wholesaler. The family's property at Neuhausergasse (today: Neuhauser Straße) 14 was a stately property that later gave Carl Spitzweg financial independence through his inheritance. Carl's father came from the village of Unterpfaffenhofen near the town of Fürstenfeldbruck in today's Fürstenfeldbruck district (in Upper Bavaria), where his family had become wealthy. Until 1807, Spitzweg's father's business base was the trade in spices in Munich. His relatives controlled thriving fruit businesses. Simon Spitzweg was an educated businessman who gained respect and reputa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil On Canvas
Oil painting is a painting method involving the procedure of painting with pigments combined with a drying oil as the binder. It has been the most common technique for artistic painting on canvas, wood panel, or copper for several centuries. The advantages of oil for painting images include "greater flexibility, richer and denser color, the use of layers, and a wider range from light to dark". The oldest known oil paintings were created by Buddhist artists in Afghanistan, and date back to the 7th century AD. Oil paint was later developed by Europeans for painting statues and woodwork from at least the 12th century, but its common use for painted images began with Early Netherlandish painting in Northern Europe, and by the height of the Renaissance, oil painting techniques had almost completely replaced the use of egg tempera paints for panel paintings in most of Europe, though not for Orthodox icons or wall paintings, where tempera and fresco, respectively, remained the usua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Justice
Lady Justice () is an allegorical personification of the moral force in judicial systems. Her attributes are scales, a sword and sometimes a blindfold. She often appears as a pair with Prudentia. Lady Justice originates from the personification of Justice in ancient Roman art known as ''Iustitia'' or ''Justitia'', who is equivalent to the Greek goddess Themis. The goddess Justitia The origin of Lady Justice was Justitia (or Iustitia), the goddess of Justice within Roman mythology. Justitia was introduced by emperor Augustus, and was thus not a very old deity in the Roman pantheon. Justice was one of the virtues celebrated by emperor Augustus in his , and a temple of Justitia was established in Rome by emperor Tiberius. Justitia became a symbol for the virtue of justice with which every emperor wished to associate his regime; emperor Vespasian minted coins with the image of the goddess seated on a throne called ''Iustitia Augusta'', and many emperors after him used the imag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leo Bendel
Leo Bendel (born 1868 in Strezwo, Poland, then Galicia, Austria-Hungary; died 30 March 1940 in Buchenwald concentration camp) was an Austrian-born German Jewish tobacco dealer and art collector. Bendel came to Berlin from Galicia around 1900 and became a tobacco dealer there. He was considered to be well-off, lived in Berlin-Dahlem and acquired several paintings and graphics over the years. Nazi persecution After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Bendel was persecuted because of his Jewish origins. In 1935 he was dismissed from the position of general agent for the Job Cigarette Papers company because he was Jewish. Together with his wife Else Bendel, he fled Nazi Germany, and between 1935 and 1937 he sold his art collection to finance his escape. In the summer of 1937 Leo and Else Bendel went to Vienna. After the annexation of Austria in 1938, Bendel was arrested at the beginning of September 1939 and deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp near Weimar. He died there in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buchenwald
Buchenwald (; 'beech forest') was a German Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg hill near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937. It was one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps within the Altreich (Old Reich) territories. Many actual or suspected communists were among the first internees. Prisoners came from all over Europe and the Soviet Union, and included Jews, Poles, and other Slavs, the mentally ill, and physically disabled, political prisoners, Roma, Freemasons, and prisoners of war. There were also ordinary criminals and those perceived as sexual deviants by the Nazi regime. All prisoners worked primarily as forced labor in local armaments factories. The insufficient food and poor conditions, as well as deliberate executions, led to 56,545 deaths at Buchenwald of the 280,000 prisoners who passed through the camp and its 139 subcamps. The camp gained notoriety when it was liberated by the United States Army in April 1945; Allied commander Dwi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Warlock (Spitzweg)
''The Warlock'', also known as ''The Wizard and the Dragon'', is the title of two oil on canvas paintings by German painter Carl Spitzweg, from 1875 and 1880. The original painting is now held in the Museum Georg Schäfer, in Schweinfurt, while the other is in a private collection. The two paintings are almost identical in motif but differ in size and color. Description In the lower half of the painting, a warlock stands in the middle of a dark rocky landscape. Around him six or seven skulls were arranged in a circle. He has his staff held high in a pose similar to a schoolmaster or a tamer. In front of him, a not very large dragon rises with its mouth open, clinging to a boulder with its front paws, around which its snake-like tail is wrapped. The mythical animal black wings stand out against a red glow that comes from the underground, probably from a crevice in the rock. Thick, lead-gray smoke curls above it, behind which a sunlit fairytale castle becomes visible next to a tower ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villa Hammerschmidt
Hammerschmidt Villa () is a villa in the German city of Bonn that served as the primary official seat and primary official residence of the president of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1950 until 1994. President Richard von Weizsäcker made Bellevue Palace in Berlin his primary official seat and residence in 1994. In German, the villa is also called the "White House of Bonn". It served as a political symbol of West Germany and its capital, Bonn. Since 1994, the Hammerschmidt Villa has been the secondary official seat and secondary official residence of the president of Germany. The president's standard is flown above Hammerschmidt Villa when the president is in Bonn. The villa is situated in the heart of the former government quarter of Bonn, bordering the river Rhine to the north and opposite the zoological ''Museum Koenig'' to the south. It is also adjacent to the secondary official seat and secondary official residence of the chancellor, the Palais Schaumburg, to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonn
Bonn () is a federal city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, located on the banks of the Rhine. With a population exceeding 300,000, it lies about south-southeast of Cologne, in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region. This metropolitan area, Germany's largest, is also the second largest in the European Union by GDP, with over 11 million residents. Bonn served as the capital of West Germany from 1949 until 1990 and was the seat of government for reunified Germany until 1999, when the government relocated to Berlin. The city holds historical significance as the birthplace of Germany's current constitution, the Basic Law. Founded in the 1st century BC as a settlement of the Ubii and later part of the Roman province Germania Inferior, Bonn is among Germany's oldest cities. It was the capital city of the Electorate of Cologne from 1597 to 1794 and served as the residence of the Archbishops and Prince-electors of Cologne. The period during which Bonn was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horst Köhler
Horst Köhler (; 22 February 1943 – 1 February 2025) was a German politician who served as President of Germany from 2004 to 2010. As the candidate of the two Christian Democratic sister parties, the Christian Democratic Union of Germany, CDU (of which he was a member) and the Christian Social Union of Bavaria, CSU, as well as the liberal Free Democratic Party (Germany), FDP, Köhler was 2004 German presidential election, elected to his first five-year term by the Federal Convention (Germany), Federal Convention on 23 May 2004 and was subsequently inaugurated on 1 July 2004. He was 2009 German presidential election, reelected to a second term on 23 May 2009. Just a year later, on 31 May 2010, he resigned from his office in a controversy over a comment on the role of the Bundeswehr, German Armed Forces in light of a visit to the troops in Afghanistan. During his tenure as president, whose office is mostly concerned with ceremonial matters, Köhler was a highly popular politician, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Claims For Restitution For Nazi-looted Art
The list of restitution claims for art Nazi plunder, looted by the Nazis or as a result of Nazi persecution is organized by the country in which the paintings were located when the return was requested. Australia and New Zealand Croatia Sweden Austria Belgium Germany Canada The Netherlands Spain United States France Great Britain Hungary Ireland Israel Italy Japan Liechtenstein Czech Republic Switzerland Poland Links to Restitution Reports from National Committees Reports Austria (Provenance Research and Restitution in the Austrian Federal Collections [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1857 Paintings
Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * January 9 – The 7.9 Fort Tejon earthquake shakes Central and Southern California, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''). * January 24 – The University of Calcutta is established in Calcutta, as the first multidisciplinary modern university in South Asia. The University of Bombay is also established in Bombay, British India, this year. * February 3 – The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, D.C., becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf. * February 5 – The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States is promulgated. * March – The Austrian garrison leaves Bucharest. * March 3 ** France and the United Kingdom form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paintings By Carl Spitzweg
Painting is a Visual arts, visual art, which is characterized by the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called "matrix" or "Support (art), support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush. Other implements, such as palette knives, sponges, airbrushes, the artist's fingers, or even a dripping technique that uses gravity may be used. One who produces paintings is called a painter. In art, the term "painting" describes both the act and the result of the action (the final work is called "a painting"). The support for paintings includes such surfaces as walls, paper, canvas, wood, glass, lacquer, pottery, leaf, copper and concrete, and the painting may incorporate other materials, in single or multiple form, including sand, clay, paper, cardboard, newspaper, plaster, gold leaf, and even entire objects. Painting is an important form of visual arts, visual art, bringing in elements such as drawing, Composition (visual art ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
