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Jura Federation
The Jura Federation () represented the anarchist, Bakuninist faction of the First International during the anti-statist split from the organization. The Canton of Jura, a Swiss area, was known for its watchmaker artisans in La Chaux-de-Fonds, who shared anti-state, egalitarian views on work and social emancipation. The Jura Federation formed between international socialist congresses in 1869 and 1871. When the First International's General Council, led by Marxists, suppressed the Bakuninists, the Jura Federation organized the Anarchist St. Imier International of the disaffected federations at the 1872 St. Imier Congress. The 1872 St. Imier Congress disavowed the General Council's authoritarian consolidation of power and planning as an affront to the International's loose, federalist founding to support workers' emancipation. Members of the First International agreed and even state socialists joined the anti-statists' resulting Anti-authoritarian International; by 1876, the al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stamp Jurafederation
Stamp or Stamps or Stamping may refer to: Official documents and related impressions * Postage stamp, used to indicate prepayment of fees for public mail * Ration stamp, indicating the right to rationed goods * Revenue stamp, used on documents to indicate payment of tax * Rubber stamp, device used to apply inked markings to objects ** Passport stamp, a rubber stamp inked impression received in one's passport upon entering or exiting a country ** National Park Passport Stamps * Food stamps, tickets used in the United States that indicate the right to benefits in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Collectibles * Trading stamp, a small paper stamp given to customers by merchants in loyalty programs that predate the modern loyalty card * Eki stamp, a free collectible rubber ink stamp found at many train stations in Japan Places * Stamp Creek, a stream in Georgia * Stamps, Arkansas People * Stamp Brooksbank, English MP * Stamp Fairtex, mixed martial artist * Stamp or Apiw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Guillaume
James Guillaume (16 February 1844 – 20 November 1916) was a Swiss anarchist and writer who was a leading member of the Jura federation, the anarchist wing of the First International. Later, Guillaume would take an active role in the founding of the Anarchist St. Imier International. Life Guillaume was born in London on 16 February 1844, the son of George Guillaume and his wife Marie Suzanne Glady. George Guillaume ran the London branch of a Neuchâtel watchmaking factory. His brother, also named George, would later become a communard. The family returned to Switzerland in 1848. From 1862 to 1864, he studied at the University of Zurich, but did not complete his degree; he acquired a teaching diploma from Neuchâtel in 1865. He taught in Le Locle from 1864, as a professor of French and history. There, he and Constant Meuron founded the local section of the International in 1866. He was active in the foundation of the Jura Federation, which led to his expulsion from the F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jura Federation
The Jura Federation () represented the anarchist, Bakuninist faction of the First International during the anti-statist split from the organization. The Canton of Jura, a Swiss area, was known for its watchmaker artisans in La Chaux-de-Fonds, who shared anti-state, egalitarian views on work and social emancipation. The Jura Federation formed between international socialist congresses in 1869 and 1871. When the First International's General Council, led by Marxists, suppressed the Bakuninists, the Jura Federation organized the Anarchist St. Imier International of the disaffected federations at the 1872 St. Imier Congress. The 1872 St. Imier Congress disavowed the General Council's authoritarian consolidation of power and planning as an affront to the International's loose, federalist founding to support workers' emancipation. Members of the First International agreed and even state socialists joined the anti-statists' resulting Anti-authoritarian International; by 1876, the al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Institute Of Social History
International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The Three Degrees album), 1975 *''International'', 2018 album by L'Algérino Songs * The Internationale, the left-wing anthem * "International" (Chase & Status song), 2014 * "International", by Adventures in Stereo from ''Monomania'', 2000 * "International", by Brass Construction from ''Renegades'', 1984 * "International", by Thomas Leer from ''The Scale of Ten'', 1985 * "International", by Kevin Michael from ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * "International", by McGuinness Flint from ''McGuinness Flint'', 1970 * "International", by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark from '' Dazzle Ships'', 1983 * "International (Serious)", by Estelle from '' All of Me'', 2012 Politics * Internationalism (politics) * Political internationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Besançon Commune
The Besançon Commune (in French ''Commune de Besançon'') was a short-lived revolutionary movement conceived and developed in 1871, aiming at the proclamation of a local autonomous power based on the experiences of the Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ... and Lyon Communes. It originates from social upheavals which metamorphosed the city and with the emergence of unions including a section of IWA in connection with the future Jura Federation. The course of events was precipitated by the Franco-Prussian War, the fall of the Second Empire, and the advent of the Third Republic. While many notables testify to an insurrectionary context and armed support from Switzerland being organized, the correspondence left by James Guillaume and Mikhail BakuninArthur Le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyon Commune
The Lyon Commune (French language, French: ''Commune de Lyon'') was a short-lived revolutionary movement in Lyon, France, in 1870–1871. Republicans and activists from several components of the Far-left politics, far-left of the time seized power in Lyon and established an autonomous government. The commune organized elections, but dissolved after the restoration of a republican "normality", which frustrated the most radical elements, who hoped for a different revolution. Radicals twice tried to regain power, without success. The Lyon events happened in the context of a revolutionary wave of Insurrectionary communes in France in 1870–1871, series of similar uprisings in most major French cities in the aftermath of the collapse of the Second French Empire, culminating in the 1871 Paris Commune. Beginnings of the revolutionary movement and preparation for the seizure of power From the first months of 1870, the Lyon members of the International Workingmen's Association (IWA) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Brousse
Paul Louis Marie Brousse (; 1844–1912) was a French socialist politician. After training as a physician, he was radicalised by the events of the Paris Commune and joined the anarchist faction of the International Workingmen's Association (IWMA). After being expelled from the IWMA over his opposition to Marxism, he fled to Spain and participated in an attempted revolution in Barcelona. He then went to Switzerland and joined the Jura Federation of the Anti-Authoritarian International, in which he focused much of his time publishing propaganda for German speakers. He developed the theory of propaganda by the deed, became an early advocate of anarchist communism and proposed workers seize power in local governments. After being expelled from Switzerland over his revolutionary political writings, he returned to France and became a leader of the possibilist movement, which advocated for social reform through municipal socialism. As the leader of the Federation of the Social ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarchism In Switzerland
Anarchism in Switzerland appeared, as a political current, within the Jura Federation of the International Workingmen's Association (IWA), under the influence of Mikhail Bakunin and Swiss libertarian activists such as James Guillaume and Adhémar Schwitzguébel. Swiss anarchism subsequently evolved alongside the nascent social democratic movement and participated in the local opposition to fascism during the interwar period. The contemporary Swiss anarchist movement then grew into a number of militant groups, libertarian socialist organizations and squats. History In August 1291, an Federal Charter of 1291, alliance was formed between the cantons of Canton of Uri, Uri, Canton of Schwyz, Schwyz and Unterwalden, establishing the Old Swiss Confederacy, Swiss Confederacy with imperial immediacy, which allowed for the territory's autonomy from the Holy Roman Empire. During the growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy throughout the 14th and 15th centuries, it continued to assert its autonom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarchism In France
Anarchism in France can trace its roots to thinker Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who grew up during the Restoration and was the first self-described anarchist. French anarchists fought in the Spanish Civil War as volunteers in the International Brigades. According to journalist Brian Doherty, "The number of people who subscribed to the anarchist movement's many publications was in the tens of thousands in France alone." History The origins of the modern anarchist movement lie in the events of the French Revolution, which the historian Thomas Carlyle characterized as the "open violent Rebellion, and Victory, of disimprisoned Anarchy against corrupt worn-out Authority". Immediately following the storming of the Bastille, the communes of France began to organize themselves into systems of local self-government, maintaining their independence from the State and organizing unity between communes through federalist principles. Direct democracy was implemented in the local districts of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarchist Communism
Anarchist communism is a far-left political ideology and anarchist school of thought that advocates communism. It calls for the abolition of private real property but retention of personal property and collectively-owned items, goods, and services. It supports social ownership of property and the distribution of resources (i.e. from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs). Anarchist communism was first formulated as such in the Italian section of the International Workingmen's Association. The theoretical work of Peter Kropotkin took importance later as it expanded and developed pro-organizationalist and insurrectionary anti-organizationalist section. Examples of anarchist communist societies are the anarchist territories of the Makhnovshchina during the Russian Revolution, and those of the Spanish Revolution, most notably revolutionary Catalonia. History Forerunners The modern current of communism was founded by the Neo-Babouvists of the journ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Élisée Reclus
Jacques Élisée Reclus (; 15 March 18304 July 1905) was a French geographer, writer and anarchist. He produced his 19-volume masterwork, ''La Nouvelle Géographie universelle, la terre et les hommes'' ("Universal Geography"), over a period of nearly 20 years (1875–1894). In 1892 he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Société de Géographie, Paris Geographical Society for this work, despite having been banished from France because of his political activism. Biography Early life and education Reclus was born at Sainte-Foy-la-Grande (Gironde) on March 15, 1830. His family were part of the Protestant minority in France. His father, Jacques Reclus, was a Protestant pastor in Montcaret and taught at Sainte-Foy's Protestant college; Reclus' godfather was the Protestant pastor Jacques Drillholle. Reclus' mother, Marguerite Zéline Trigant, was a teacher and founded a school at Orthez. Reclus spent his early years at the home of his maternal grandparents in Laroche, until he rejoined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Errico Malatesta
Errico Malatesta (4 December 1853 – 22 July 1932) was an Italian anarchist propagandist, theorist and revolutionary socialist. He edited several radical newspapers and spent much of his life exiled and imprisoned, having been jailed and expelled from Italy, Britain, France, and Switzerland. Originally a supporter of insurrectionary propaganda by deed, Malatesta later advocated for syndicalism. His exiles included five years in Europe and 12 years in Argentina. Malatesta participated in actions including an 1895 Spanish revolt and a Belgian general strike. He toured the United States, giving lectures and founding the influential anarchist journal ''La Questione Sociale''. After World War I, he returned to Italy where his ''Umanità Nova'' had some popularity before its closure under the rise of Mussolini. Biography Early years Errico Malatesta was born on 4 December 1853 to a family of middle-class landowners in Santa Maria Maggiore, at the time part of the city of Capua (c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
